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What can be learned from theories of personality and the integration of personality and other theoretical perspectives applied in the field as police, corrections, or probation/parole officer? Each side, whether is it an officer’s side or an offender/suspect’s side, has a position regarding personality styles among theories. For instance, when used in victimology where there is a recognized and adapted use for characteristic processing due to things such as the systemic environmental, demographical, and an individual’s processing characteristics involved with victimization and the type of crimes (Walsh & Hemmens, 2019, p. 77-77). Reportedly the risk factors for being an offender and becoming victimized are equally about the same (Walsh & Hemmens, 2019, p. 76).

The types of different theories and their variations can be observed, and as a whole example, or in part, be acknowledged in the U.S. courtroom system, and when considering sentencing procedures every single day, the greatest resulting factor is that the United States has become the recorded number one country that holds an embarrassing lead for the highest rate for the incarceration of its citizens, much more so than any other country in the world, but by tilting theories to blend better appropriateness, we can, by way of exploring, applying, and adding in the proverbial processing mindsets and its procedural ideas, there can become an awareness that can mold individuals to situations and alter for better outcomes.

So, as for a more appropriate sentencing theory style of methodology, for instance, there must be a starting point toward things so that there can be a more catered individualized way structurally. So, while the punishment and its elements are involved and reflective of what happened, there needs to be a more appropriate fit involving the criminal, their crimes, and their criminal acts. However, there are still gaps and by leaving such gaps there are, as in the punishment action, for instance, those ideas and actions for what will make and represent better common sense; far better than most past punishment, and “old fashion” results (Walsh & Hemmens, 2019, p. 75-133).

How does the personality style of the officer impact the dynamic between an officer and the suspect/offender? As condemnation dynamics between officers and suspects, we see that on one side we have the “classical school of deterrence” position, where the punishment is fitting of the crime only and only for the aggravating circumstance. But while on the other side, there is a more natural “positivist theory” position with the concept ideas of a deterrent, alternative punishment more fitting of the criminal act, not from the mitigating circumstances and solely pertinent to the aggravated circumstances; both of which can make a difference, as the punishment that should fit the offender and the criminal act, not limited to only fitting the crime itself (Walsh & Hemmens, 2019, p. 75-119).

When considering how training and hiring decision-makers might benefit from some understanding regarding personality theories: The feeling is that when someone knows something about those involved, regardless of what or who it is, having any knowledge about them is better than having none. Any type of knowledge about those who are involved in, associated with, outside stimulus of, or as a part played with controlling specific situations, is generally helpful because it gives insight into events, circumstances, personalities, characteristics to look for, and so on, as it adds to the gathering of items of data, helping to add acknowledgment items analyzed resulting with cause and affects, antisocial and risky behavior, the physical condition of actors, genetics of participating actors, etc., such as in trait perspectives and social cognitive perspectives (Walsh & Hemmens, 2019, p. 108-119; Cherry, 2021).

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Psychosocial Theories

Sigmund Freud’s theory states that our behavior is done by unconscious memories, thoughts, and urges (Cherry, 2022). It states that it has three aspects id, ego, and superego. Id is the entire unconscious, your ego operates the conscious mind, and the superego is both unconsciously and consciously (Cherry, 2022). One of Freud’s biggest helping hands to the psychology world is talk therapy. Talk therapy is the thought that talking about your problems will help solve the problem (Cherry, 2022). He had a patient named Bertha Pappenheim and she began referring to the treatment as the “talking cure” (Cherry, 2022). When she came to him, she had blurred vision, hallucinations, and partial paralysis (Cherry, 2022). She started to get better by discussing her experiences (Cherry, 2022). His theory also states that there are factors that affect personality. These are cathexis and anticathexis (Cherry, 2022). Cathexis is the investment of mental energy and anticathexis is repressing urges and desires (Cherry, 2022).  With Freud’s theory, there is only so much libidinal energy, once this energy is used, there is less energy for other things (Cherry, 2022).  His theory is also based that human behavior is motivated by two instincts: life instincts and death instincts (Cherry, 2022). Life instincts are on the basic need for survival and death instincts are based on the unconscious wish for death (Cherry, 2022).

What can we learn from theories of personality and the integration of personality and other theoretical perspectives that can be applied in the field as police, corrections, or probation/parole officer? By looking at these theories we can learn how individuals think. We can also use these theories to try and predict how someone might interact.

How does the personality style of the officer impact the dynamic between an officer and the suspect/offender? Personality if they clash can cause many problems. As officers, they are supposed to try and get along with everyone, even people who they are arresting. Some individuals have a way of pushing our buttons though. They have the opposite personality from us and things they do aggravate us and can cause problems.

Consider how training and hiring decision-makers might benefit from some understanding of personality theories and discuss your thoughts.  By looking at the behaviors and actions of the people we are here, we can evaluate which areas the officers could be used in. If you have officers that have the same behaviors and thoughts as the neighborhood then they will get along better. We can also use these theories to help when pairing officers together. You will do better when those officers can work well together. If the two officers do not get along then you can run into problems with them working together.

Using his theories can help us both with offenders, officers, and the communities that we work in. We can work on these relationships between them and see how this affects each party.