Science Two Part Assignment

SCIE 211 Lab 4: Correlation and Causation

Worksheet

Pre-Lab Questions

1. Based upon the information provided in the Lab 4 Introduction, what is your expected value for tidal volume?

Tidal Volume = ___________ mL

2. Based upon the information provided in the Lab 4 Introduction, calculate the expected value for your vital capacity?

Vital Capacity = _________ mL + _________ mL + _________ mL = _____________ mL

3. Do you think that the diameter of the balloon will have a positive, negative, or no correlation with lung volumes? Explain.

4. Write a hypothesis for this experiment (What is the relationship between the diameter of the balloon and lung volumes? Which diameter will be larger, tidal volume or vital capacity?).

Hypothesis:

Data Charts:

Part I: Diameter of balloon with normal breathing – Tidal Volume

	Diameter of balloon (cm)
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Average

Part II: Diameter of balloon with deep breathing – Vital Capacity

	Diameter of balloon (cm)
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Average

Analysis:

Observed Volumes:

	Average Diameter (cm)	Volume from graph (cc)	Observed Volume in mL
Tidal Volume
Vital Capacity

% Deviation

	Observed Volume in mL	Expected Volume in mL	% Deviation
Tidal Volume
Vital Capacity

Post-lab Questions:

1. Why do you think you were asked to inflate/deflate the balloon several times before starting your trials?

2. Why do you think you were asked to use the same balloon for Part I and Part II of the experiment?

3. Was your proposed hypothesis supported by your evidence? Why or why not?

4. Why do you think that there are differences in expected inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes for males and females?

5. Are the values for your tidal volume and vital capacities what you expected them to be? If not, please indicate any extraneous or confounding factors that may have caused your observed value to be greater or less than expected (You may want to consider any measurement issues, health issues, etc. that could have contributed to the difference.)

6. Is there sufficient evidence to support that the extraneous/confounding factors you identified are correlated to changes in expected lung volumes? Why or why not?

7. Is there sufficient evidence to support that the extraneous/confounding factors you identified CAUSED your observed value to differ from the expected value? Why or why not?