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Reducing rates of suicide within the military community

By: Student Name

https://www.rallypoint.com/answers/how-does-the-suicide-rate-among-veterans-of-the-wars-in-iraq-and-afghanistan-compare-to-that-among-veterans-of-earlier-wars

United States Population

(U.S. Census Bureau, 2000)

Service Members

Civilians Past Present 208.1 26.4 1.2

Post-traumatic stress disorder Exposure to a traumatic event where an individual witnesses or risks death, traumatic injury, or sexual abuse (barlow, 2018)

Risk factors

military service

recent deployment

combat exposure

young age (Preventing Psychological Disorders in Service Members and Their Families, 2014)

junior enlisted (Preventing Psychological Disorders in Service Members and Their Families, 2014)

24%

(Denworth, 2018)

Symptoms of PTSD

Recurrent memories or dreams

Dissociative reactions

Avoidance of triggers

Changes in personality

Social detachment

(barlow, 2018)

https://militarybenefits.info/ptsd/

Major depression An excessively negative mood lasting longer than two weeks; including both cognitive symptoms and disturbed physical functions (Barlow, 2018)

negative mood and mindset

personality changes

subjective feelings

impaired physical functioning

suicide ideation or thoughts

(barlow, 2018)

Symptoms of Depression

5

Explanation Theories of ptsd

The Fear Conditioning Model (VanElzakker, Dahlgreen, Davis, Dubois, & Shin, 2013)

The Associative-Learning-Deficits Model (VanElzakker et al., 2013)

Explanation theories of depression

The Learned Helplessness Theory (barlow, 2018)

Beck’s Cognitive Theory of Depression (Barlow, 2018)

Perceived Barriers to Receiving Mental Health Care

Operational Demands

Negative Social Stigma

Career Consequences

Denial of a Problem

(Britt et al., 2016)

http://www.ct.gov/dmhas/lib/dmhas/publications/CSP-StagesofChangeModel.pdf

Recommendation #1

Implementation of Mandatory Mental Health Screenings Post-Deployment

Early interventions show benefits existing up to several months post-trauma

(Kearns, Ressler, Zatzick, & Rothbaum, 2012).

Recommendation #2

Expansion of Evidence-Based Therapies such as Complimentary and Alternative Medicine

VA Clinical Guidelines Support CAM Modalities as Methods of Treatment

Hypnosis & Biofeedback most often used for treatment of Psychological Issues

(Herman, Sorbero, & Sims-Columbia, 2017).

References

Barlow, D. H. (2018). Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 8th Edition. [Chegg]. Retrieved from https://ereader.chegg.com/#/books/9781337514040/

Britt, T. W., Jennings, K. S., Cheung, J. H., Pury, C. L. S., Zinzow, H. M., Raymond, M. A., & McFadden, A. C. (2016). Determinants of mental health treatment seeking among soldiers who recognize their problem: implications for high-risk occupations. Work & Stress, 30(4), 318–336. https://doi org.uiulibrary.idm.oclc.org/10.1080/02678373.2016.1246490

Denworth, L. (2018). Preventing Suicide. Scientific American, 318(4), 54–59. Retrieved from https://uiulibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?qurl=https%3a%2f%2fsearch.ebscohost.com%2flogin.aspx%3fdirect%3dtrue%26db%3dafh%26AN%3d128485487%26site%3dehost-live%26scope%3dsite

Preventing Psychological Disorders in Service Members and Their Families. (2014). Retrieved November 15, 2018, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/index.shtml

U.S. Census Bureau. (2000). https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/censusatlas/pdf/12_Military-Service.pdf

VanElzakker, M. B., Dahlgren, M. K., Davis, F. C., Dubois, S., & Shin, L. M. (2013). From Pavlov to PTSD: the extinction of conditioned fear in rodents, humans, and anxiety disorders. Neurobiology of learning and memory, 113, 3-18.