Nursing

Change Theory Project

University of Arlington RN-BSN Nursing Management – N4455

April 22, 2017

Hospital Acquired Infections

SWOT Analysis • Strengths – decreased incidents of hospital

acquired infections

• Weaknesses – lack of following protocol due to issues – Skin irritation, gloves, being too busy, shortage on

support staff, inaccessible hand washing facilities

• Opportunities – improve patient safety • Threats – noncompliance

Action Plan: Change Theory • 6 aspects of Havelock’s Theory of Change

–Relationship: a distinguished connection with the system should be established. Also known as “pre-contemplation” stage.

–Diagnosis: once the source of change is comfortable with the system, evaluation is done to determine if more awareness is needed for change.

–Acquire resources for change: gather information, tools, and needed resources as requirements for the change.

–Selecting a pathway: select one proper source from the available options for implementation.

–Establish and accept change: set forth the change, continue progressing in continuity of the change until it has been successful.

–Maintenance and separation: change has been declared successful and should be monitored throughout for any breakouts or fallouts.

Steps and Processes • Before entering a patient’s room, use proper hygiene. • Before any examination, use proper hand hygiene and apply gloves,

as needed. • After examination and before exiting patient’s room, perform hand

hygiene. – Always wash hands with soap and water, scrubbing all surfaces of the hands

for at least 30 seconds, especially if hands are visibly soiled.

• Clean all equipment with antibacterial wipes after use with each patient.

• Use protective garments for isolation. – Masks, gloves, gown, etc

Communication Plan

• Educate staff on proper hand hygiene. – Gel in and gel out – Wash hands when visibly

soiled • Educate family

members about using proper hand hygiene while with patient.

Leadership Styles

• Charismatic style – always have encouraging and energetic personality during period of change. – “In literature, a charismatic leadership style has proved to

be especially helpful in times of crisis and change as well as an essential antecedent of followers' discretionary behavior in organizations. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate charismatic leadership as a means to enhance followers' initiative-oriented behavior in hospitals” (The impact of charismatic leadership on followers' initiative- oriented behavior).

Management Functions • Hand washing police and

securities should monitor secretly and watch for proper procedures being followed.

• Approach staff and re-educate if some violations have been conducted.

• Monitor patient safety and watch for signs of hospital acquired infections.

Budget Requirements

• There should be not much budget needed for this change.

• About $1,000 for hand sanitizer/gels for inside and outside rooms, and soap dispensers.

Steps to assure Staff Compliance

• Assure that following protocol and procedure to help patients as well as staff.

• Follow through with plans and education continuously.

• Periodically evaluate for changes and effectiveness.

• Recognize for commended outcomes.

Evaluation

• Following proper hand hygiene as well as using proper personal protective equipments can assuredly decrease the number of hospital acquired infections and increase the effective care given to patients.

Decision Making Process

• Effective: decreased HAI incidents. • Ineffective: proper hand washing techniques. • Future changes: provide more research and

visual diagrams around unit to help remind the importance of personal hand hygiene and use of proper safety protective equipments.

References • https://www.google.com/search?q=hospital+acquired+infections&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&

sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZoKSu0rbTAhXD24MKHeZkDs8Q_AUICCgD&biw=1366&bih=638#imgrc=h0K-yFy-Y-wH2M :

• https://www.google.com/search?q=hospital+acquired+infections&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch &sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZoKSu0rbTAhXD24MKHeZkDs8Q_AUICCgD&biw=1366&bih=638#imgdii=wuBTh6Dz6pPa BM:&imgrc=VOm6IVBAnlsh0M :

• https://www.google.com/search?q=hospital+acquired+infections&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch& sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZoKSu0rbTAhXD24MKHeZkDs8Q_AUICCgD&biw=1366&bih=638#imgrc=LBwkRtZszyAQFM :

• https://www.google.com/search?q=hospital+acquired+infections&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch& sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZoKSu0rbTAhXD24MKHeZkDs8Q_AUICCgD&biw=1366&bih=638#imgrc=Khhk2_FuRZz7MM :

• https://www.google.com/search?q=hospital+acquired+infections&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch &sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZoKSu0rbTAhXD24MKHeZkDs8Q_AUICCgD&biw=1366&bih=638#imgrc=emkAMmPYcd5pX M :

• https://www.google.com/search?q=hospital+acquired+infections&e spv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZoKSu0rbTAhXD24MKH eZkDs8Q_AUICCgD&biw=1366&bih=638#imgrc=bonpOzXHVL3nyM :

• https://www.google.com/search?q=hospital+acquired+infections&e spv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZoKSu0rbTAhXD24MKH eZkDs8Q_AUICCgD&biw=1366&bih=638#imgrc=qXUMexvzT-TwGM :

• Havelock's Theory of Change: 6 Easy Steps to Change. (n.d.). Retrieved July 17, 2014, from http://www.brighthubpm.com/change- management/86803-havelocks-theory-of-change/

• The impact of charismatic leadership on followers' initiative- oriented... (n.d.). Retrieved July 17, 2014, from http://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/JournalArticle?Article_ID=817812