annotated bibliography

Last Name 1

Annotated Bibliography

"Pedestrian Safety." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention, 07 Oct. 2014. Web. 09 Nov. 2015.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, also known as the CDC, is a federal agency responsible

for administering national programs for the prevention and control of diseases. It also focuses its attention

on environmental health, injury prevention, occupational safety and health, and many other important

issues. This work is intended to inform the public of the importance of the problem involving pedestrian-

related injuries and deaths from motor vehicle crashes. This work contains statistical information that can

be effectively used as supporting evidence.

"Traffic Safety Facts 2011 Data—Pedestrians." Annals of Emergency Medicine 62.6 (2013): 1-8.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Aug. 2013. Web. 9 Nov. 2015.

The Annals of Emergency Medicine, the official journal of the American College of Emergency

Physicians, is an international, peer-reviewed journal that regularly publishes original research, clinical

reports, and educational information related to the practice, teaching, and research of emergency

medicine. This article is intended for medical professionals, researchers but could also be aimed toward

the general public. The article contains multiple data tables related to pedestrian injuries and deaths,

which includes various factors such as alcohol involvement, gender, age, location, weather, and time of

day. This information can be used to analyze patterns, support evidence, and provide reasons as to why

school zones are risky for pedestrians.

Bromfield, Samantha G, and Gerald McGwin. "Injury Risk Among Children In Motor Vehicle

Crashes: Older Versus Younger Drivers." Journal Of Paediatrics & Child Health 50.11

(2014): 880-883. Academic Search Complete. Web. 9 Nov. 2015.

Bromfield and McGwin, researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, use data from the

National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System 2000-2009 to explore the

relationship between injury risk among child occupants involved in motor vehicle collisions according to

the age of the vehicle driver. They conclude that there is no difference in injury risk found among young

children when considering the age of the driver. This article is useful because opinions are stated from

reliable statistics and data.

Granié, M.-A., et al. "Qualitative Analysis Of Pedestrians' Perception Of The Urban Environment

When Crossing Streets." Advances In Transportation Studies 31 (2013): 17-34. Academic

Search Complete. Web. 9 Nov. 2015.

The authors, researchers at the French Institute of Science and Technology of Transport, Management,

and Networks, used a focus group method to study the perception of 20 two-way street environments.

This article was intended for urban engineers who design roads and public spaces and researchers who

study road crossing behavior. They conclude that pedestrians prefer either environments that are complex

Last Name 2

or environments that are highly predictable and where it is easy to make decisions. This work can be

useful in providing information on how crossroads can be improved and what makes a bad crossroad.

Kafi, Mohamed A., Djamel Djenouri, Messaoud Doudou, Abdelmadjid Bouabdallah, and Nadjib

Badache. "A Study of Wireless Sensor Networks for Urban Traffic Monitoring:

Applications and Architectures." 19 (2013): 617-26. Science Direct. 24 June 2013. Web. 09

Nov. 2015.

The authors, researchers from the Centre for Research on Scientific and Technical Information (CERIST),

University of Technology and Science Houari Boumediane (USTHB), and University of Technology of

Compiègne (UTC), study wireless sensor networks for urban traffic monitoring in the application and

architecture perspective. This article is aimed at technical researchers and traffic management researchers,

the article contains many technical terms which would be difficult for the general audience to understand.

This article is useful because it provides images of wireless sensor networks and breaks down their

important components for better understanding, it also provides information on why it can be a reliable

and efficient alternative than traditional traffic management and safety systems.

Rothman, Linda, et al. "Do School Crossing Guards Make Crossing Roads Safer? A Quasi-

Experimental Study Of Pedestrian-Motor Vehicle Collisions In Toronto, Canada." BMC

Public Health 15.1 (2015): 1-7. Academic Search Complete. Web. 9 Nov. 2015.

The authors, researchers from the Child Health Evaluative Sciences of Toronto, Canada, use collision

data extracted from Toronto Police Service pedestrian-motor vehicle reports from 2000-2011. The article

includes graphs, charts, and data tables with statistical information, this article is aimed towards

statisticians because of the large amount of statistics involved. This work is useful because it provides

reliable interpretations of the statistics collected and emphasizes the need to develop methods to measure

both walking exposure and traffic volumes.

Seong-eun, Yoo, Chong Poh Kit, and Kim Daeyoung. "S3: School Zone Safety System Based On

Wireless Sensor Network." Sensors (14248220) 9.8 (2009): 5968-5988. Academic Search

Complete. Web. 9 Nov. 2015.

Yoo, Chong, and Kim are researchers from the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,

they test wireless sensor networks in various school zones with real traffic and analyze the relationship

between vehicle travel speeds and incidence of fatal pedestrian crashes. They conclude that to keep

children safe in a school zone, reducing vehicle speed and removing obstacles such as illegally parked

vehicles that hinders drivers’ views are required. The article is aimed towards technical researchers

because of the numerous technical terms, mathematical equations and programming terms involved. The

majority of the article is to the point and many images are technical as well. This article provides graphs,

data tables, and countless images that can be useful in explaining what a wireless sensor network is and

its capabilities in a school zone environment.