design steps for civil engg project

SKY PARK by Katarzyna Brodka

School of Environment & Technology ROOF Section: BE535

Name: Katarzyna Brodka Date of submission: 30/04/2019 Student Number: 16840774 Module Leader: Dr Philip Ashton

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction: .................................................................................................................................... 3

2. Location: ......................................................................................................................................... 3

Project information: ................................................................................................................. 5

3. Project specific considerations: ........................................................................................................ 7

Project: .................................................................................................................................... 7

Roof:........................................................................................................................................ 8

4. Roof construction Method:............................................................................................................... 9

5. Plants: ........................................................................................................................................... 10

6. Labour: ............................................................................................................................................ 1

7. Materials: ........................................................................................................................................ 1

8. Design Method Statements: ........................................................................................................... 13

9. Descriptive Method Statements: ..................................................................................................... 13

10. Tabulated Method Statements .................................................................................................... 13

11. Programme of work and planning: ............................................................................................. 13

Gant charts: ............................................................................................................................ 13

12. Conclusion: ................................................................................................................................ 13

13. Appendences ............................................................................................................................. 13

14. Refferences ................................................................................................................................ 73

1. Introduction:

This report will show the stages of Construction Method Statements for Superstructure, Art Gallery Leisure Complex ordered by University of Brighton to be constructed on its Moulsecoomb campus. This document will deliver information for the projects by Design Method Statements, Tabulated Method Statements, Descriptive Method Statements alongside Case Base Precedence (Appendix 1) for the roof section (Sky Park). It will also establish plan for works, cost, deliveries, materials and plants used at this construction with application of Health, Safety & Welfare throughout the project to anticipate any hazards and risks and to apply precautionary measures for staff, visitors and members of public.

2. Location:

The project is situated in Brighton, UK (Figure1)

Brighton is a seaside town located in East Sussex about an hour south of London by train. The University of Brighton has four campuses in Brighton. The site of the project is located at the University's Moulsecoomb campus (Figure 2) situated between Moulsecoomb Public library and Manor House Building(where the link will be connected to) next to a very busy Lewes Road, and nearby A23 and A27 roads which connects Brighton with surrounding towns, Gatwick airport and London.

(Brighton-hove.gov.uk, 2019)

FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2

(University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb Campus, 2019)

Address of the site:

University of Brighton

Manor House, Moulsecoomb Place,

Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GA (figure 3)

FIGURE 3: SITE VIEW

Project information:

Client University of Brighton

Client representative Dr Philip Ashton

Contactor Group 10

Location Manor House, Moulsecoomb Place, Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GA (Figure 3)

Structure height from foundation level 23.1m

Roof height 1.5m

Roof surface area 1820 m (table 2)

Specification Substructure and Superstructure includes Levels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and Roof Six storey leisure facility, art gallery and a two floors of car park to be constructed within the grounds

Number of floors 8

Project sections Site set up, Retaining wall, Excavation and foundation, RC concrete structure, Steel framework, Roof, External envelope, Link access

This document section Roof: semi-intensive including lift (disable access), staircase (fire exit route), 1.5 m of edge protective fence, 15 benches, 15 bins, 4 water and slip proof wooden decking paths, 60 motion sensor lamps

Health and Safety Site covered by:

CDM 2015 Construction Design Management Regulations 2015 (CDM 2015).

See more in Appendix 2

5-point PPE in line with The Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 1992

See in more details at Appendix 3

The Work at Height Regulations 2005 (with amendment 2007)

See in more details at Appendix 4

Considerate Constructors Scheme

See in more details at Appendix 5

Health and Safety in Construction

See in more details at Appendix 6

TABLE 1 PROJECT INFORMATION

TABLE 2 BUILDING DIMENSIONS: INCLUDING ACCESS LINK

This document is concerned with the roof section. There are many different options and factors when choosing what type of roof should be placed on the structure. In every project there are a few important factors like safety, efficiency, quality, time of construction and cost. In Table 1 below there are comparisons between four most adequate roof options to help with decision making process, the project has a large roof space and that can add much more floor plan to the building making it more durable and functional. The flat roofs are accessible. Green flat roofs add at least 25 years to its usage, and are pleasing to the eye, functional and since it is on the top of the Art Gallery it will naturally compose well with artistic atmosphere. The semi-intensive roof was chosen as it is environmentally friendly, aesthetically pleasing, its durability exceeds 50 years of usage, its colour and structure lowers sun radiation, breaks up the wind, has good thermal (insulation properties), and can be used as a relaxing break after the exhibitions and interesting view point over Sussex Downs. See more about benefits of green roof in Appendix 7

TABLE 3 COMPARISON OF GREEN ROOFS

3. Project specific considerations:

Project:

All the section of the project is constructed on premises of University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb campus, site next to Manor house. Designing any structure, the contractors have to deal with many constrains. This site is very particular as it is near a university, nursery, local library, train station, residential development, few building sites going on at the same time at Watts car park and Mithras house. All staff, visitors and members of public have to be protected by H&S regulations while on site. The site will be secured and closed to the public, the excavation site will be fenced, bright even at night (using 24h lamps) to make sure that it is vivid for everyone. The equipment and materials will be locked over night to ensure that children or adults will not hurt themselves, if they illegally force entry. There will be a security guard to ensure that theft and vandalism will be avoided 24h during construction. Also, as the area is so busy during daily rush hours, the consideration of traffic congestion has to be made. There will be parents dropping off children, people from town traveling to work, as it is near A27, A23, student parking around the site, there are other vehicles visiting surrounding sites, delivery tracks and plants during office working hours. The council has to be notified and as it is domestic area and the community can be affected by pollution, noise (especially nearby nursery). The precaution and minimalizing of these factors should be priority, the working hours should be limited to Monday to Friday 8 am to 6 pm, with noise kept down to minimum. As the construction will take months, the arrangements with nursery should be made about sleeping time and no disturbance in this hour, also parents and students should be notified about the works as the traffic will be heavier, parking limited, there will be allocation of parent and staff temporary parking in nearby Watts carpark for the duration of the works. (Alcumusgroup.com, 2019) Water table is down below of the excavation level but the excavation must be conducted next to an already existing retaining wall so that must be taken in consideration, as the collapse has to be prevented, the site has to be secure and safe during all time of the works. The excavation is on the slope and that makes it easier to collapse as the geological materials can be crossed at different levels, making it unstable. The lower levels of excavations area are also made up of chalk what can cause potential issues, as it is a porous material it can keep ground water, its big congestions may cause slippage and uncontrolled collapse. (Icevirtuallibrary.com, 2019) As there is no entrance wide enough for lorries, bigger plants (concrete pump) and vehicles, the entrance for the construction site will be widened by 12 m (more information can be found in site set up section in this folder). All the plants have to have enough space to turn around and leave the site safely (more information about deliveries and diagrams in DMS section), also the radius of the spin (especially for crane) has to have secured area (exclusion zones) with limited access to protect people passing nearby from injury. Taking in consideration the heavy traffic and all surrounding areas the deliveries should be scheduled wisely, all blockages of road or traffic should be minimised and delivering time sensitive materials (like concrete, limited operation time) has to be taken

Type of roof cost maintenance durability weight time of construction

adequacy

extensive low Very low-low 40-60 years light short Low-low accessibility

brown low Very low-low 40-60 years light short Low-low accessibility

semi- intensive

medium Low-medium 40-60 years medium medium High- accessible

intensive high Medium-high 40-60 years high Medium-high High- accessible

to consideration for the quality of the design not to be compromised (cracks, delay in setting, concrete in different stages on the same surface, potential redoing of whole section).

The area near Manor house has protected trees, in case of replanting or cutting them, there must be permits obtained from the council, and the company has responsibilities to replant equivalent of cut trees in permitted areas.

Manor House will be attached to the building by the access link, as it was constructed before the law forbidding using asbestos, assumptions can be made that asbestos was used. The workers must be aware of that and use adequate precautions as it can cause major harm to health (Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012)

HSE managing asbestos in buildings (Hse.gov.uk, 2019)

See Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 in more detail in Appendix 8

(See more details about site set up in Site Set up stage in other folder)

Roof:

The semi intensive roof design avoids problem with high-low temperature, foot traffic, heat gain and loss, level of noise transferred to the lower floor, acid rain. Ongoing maintenance will avoid accumulation and blocking of drainage caused by green mould, however construction at height brings its own risks. Most of fatalities in construction industry is connected to falling from heights. The works has to be secured all the time (more information about harnesses and protection in DMS section). The workers will work at heights in very windy conditions, exposed to very hot or cold weather, they should wear correct PPE all the time, sunscreen, correct outfit and work with high caution. Some of the regulations used to work at heights are taken from CDM (Work at Height, Health and Safety section), A GUIDE TO HEALTH AND SAFETY IN ROOF WORK (hsg33-in Appendix 9). The materials have to be handled very carefully as if anything that could fall of the roof is fatal if it hit something or someone of the way. The material must be monitored all the time and taken down or fastened in case of moving it. There should be safe route in and out of the roof in any weather conditions, the works must be stopped if the wind exceed more than 23 meter per hour. (Heightec.com, 2019)

Every day before finishing the roof protection should be checked, the materials and tools collected and stored in secured place. The roof should be left safe and protected in case that the weather changes and it might be inaccessible for a few days, no water stagnation areas, loose materials laying around, tools, plants, all has to be secured from changing weather conditions and from theft. (Hse.gov.uk, 2019)

4. Roof construction Method:

Previous phase of this project was steel erection that will leave roof with only steel beams and columns. Construction method: profiled steel decking fixed to steel beams (strong enough to handle semi-intensive roof weight and 150 mm layer of concrete), welding of shear studs to improve retention, caging from steel placed to reinforce the concrete, form work placed, drainage outlets placed and covered, concrete poured in situ by concrete pump, compacting, levelling, curing of concrete, removal of form work, 9 layers of semi-intensive roof placed in sections, construction of parapet wall, safety barrier, stairs and elevator shafts, wooden decking, spraying soil with seeds from the pump, planting bigger vegetation, fixing benches, bins, lamps.

5. Plants:

There are many plants to choose from when constructing at heights, the TABLE 4 below shows few of them (more can be found in appendix 2). Two of the plants was chosen to work on this section: flat top crane and aerial work platform. Flat top crane is used as it was previously installed for erection of steel beams and columns, it has adequate length of jib arm and can lift heavy loads on suitable height (max of 22 m on this site), alongside with aerial work platform which can be used to safely relocate labourers at height and to fix the netting and temporary edge protection. The safety can be obtained by using harness fastened by lanyard to the basket ensuring that the person inside will not fall. The decision making is crucial, the table below shows the process of the considerations and options identified before final decision.

See more about equipment in Appendix 10

Plant Image Description

Used

Flat top crane (City Lifting, 2019)

‘’A tower crane is considered to be a modern form of a balance crane. When fixed to the ground, this type of crane will often give the best of

height and lifting capabilities. They are also used when constructing tall buildings’’.

(Network, 2019) ‘’All the forces in the jib act in one direction, tension in the top and

compression in the bottom. This completely eradicates pin wear Much easier and safer to erect. The crane can be erected one piece at a time straight from the delivery truck if there is not enough room to

build the jib’’. (City Lifting, 2019) example: Max height: 26-meter, Capacity on max length 0.60 tone,

Base Ballast 17.04 tone

Yes

Crane truck (Sanyglobal.com, 2019) ‘’These types of cranes are mounted on a rubber tire truck and provide excellent mobility. The outriggers will extend vertically or

horizontally and are used to stabilize and level the crane when it is hoisting a load of materials’’.

(Network, 2019)

No

Mobile crane (indiamart.com, 2019) ‘’This is the most basic type of crane and consists of a steel truss or telescopic boom mounted on some kind of mobile platform. This platform could be wheeled, a rail or even a cat truck. The boom is hinged at the bottom and can be raised or lowered by cables or

hydraulic cylinders’’. (Network, 2019)

No

Aerial work platform (Extreme Hire, 2019) ‘’An aerial work platform, also known as an aerial device, elevating work platform, bucket truck or mobile elevating work platform is a mechanical device used to provide temporary access for people or

equipment to inaccessible areas, usually at height’’. (En.wikipedia.org, 2019)

Yes

Scissor lift

(indiamart.com, 2019) ‘’A scissor lift is a type of platform that can usually only move vertically. The mechanism to achieve this is the use of linked, folding

supports in a criss-cross "X" pattern, known as a pantograph (or scissor mechanism)’’. (En.wikipedia.org, 2019)

‘’The electric- or gas-powered platform that is mounted on folding arms is used to provide elevated work areas or to help raise or lower

unit loads’’. (Raymondhandling.com, 2019)

No

TABLE 4. LIFTING PLAN

6. Labour:

For a work in construction only trained workers can enter and are allowed to work on the site. All of them must have complete Health and Safety training and CSCS card (Construction Skills Certification Scheme | Official CSCS Website, 2019). Individual labourers have to have training and updated qualifications specific to their job description. They can be divided for five main categories (Table 5).

Normal working hours are 8 h from Monday to Friday.

The working hours for operatives working shifts are 8 h per day for 5 days a week.

For both there is 30 min payed lunch break. All the rates are taken from Spon's Civil Engineering and Highway Works Price Book2018. The rates are commencing from June 2018:

See more about labour prices and description of individual Skill Rates in Appendix 11

Labourer Hourly pay

Skill Rate 4 £9.91

Skill Rate 3 £10.50

Skill Rate 2 £11.21

Skill Rate 1 £11.64

Craft Operative £9.19

Craft Rate £12.23

TABLE 5: BASIC HOURLY RATES OF PAY

(AECOM (Firm), 2019)

7. Materials:

Nowadays, in the market there are many choices of method how to build anything, without knowing and researching the options it is impossible to make the best decision for the Client and for the design. The material has to be good quality, easy in constructability, safe to install by labour force, adequately priced and sourced from the closest source as delivery costs will add up to make it more expensive, also there is environmental factor as emission of CO . There must be adequate and safe place to store them during the day and night, to prevent damage and theft. Table 6 below shows different type of structural deck considered before making decision to use the reinforced concrete poured in situ.

See more about materials in Appendix 12

Material Image Description/

Installation method

Advantages Disadvantages

Reinforced

Concrete in situ

(Anon, 2019)

‘’Reinforced concrete (cast in situ) combines the properties of concrete and steel by setting steel bars within the concrete matrix, supplementing the compression strength of the concrete with the tensile strength of the steel. Pre-stressing the steel before the concrete is poured helps to increase the composite’s strength after curing (which takes around a month)’’.

(South West Roofing and Conservatory News, 2019)

‘’While cast-in-place concrete can allow for greater flexibility and adaptability However, there are fewer joints in the structural system not as much handling equipment is required’’.

‘’Limitless flexibility of size and shape with no modular restrictions. Wide variety of surface textures and colours can be achieved. Ability to be cast as a 'sandwich' incorporating an integral polystyrene sheet insulation. A robust material that only requires minimal maintenance. Easy material to source’’ (Designingbuildings.co.uk, 2019)

The nearest source:

Hanson Ready-mixed Concrete, Shoreham Port, Basin Road South, Portslade BN41 1WF, 20 min drive (6.2 miles) via A259

‘’…it can be difficult to control the mix particularly if weather conditions are not favourable.

Cast-in-place concrete will also require a strength test and time for curing, which makes it slower to construct than cast in situ’’. (Designingbuildings.co.uk, 2019)

Precast concrete slabs

(Designingbuildings.co.uk, 2019)

‘’Systems comprised of load bearing precast concrete members placed upon a structural support system. Commonly, the precast members are comprised of reinforced, pre-stressed or post tensioned normal weight concrete. In many cases, the precast assembly is monolithically covered with a topside placement of lightweight or structural lightweight concrete which serves as a levelling layer. Thereafter, precast systems are commonly topside insulated, below the roof cover, using adhered insulation panels or cast-in- place lightweight insulating concrete’’. (Designingbuildings.co.uk, 2019)

 ‘’It is manufactured in a controlled environment where greater accuracy and better quality control are possible.

 Reusable factory moulds mean it is economical to produce repetitive units.

 There is generally less waste.  On-site assembly can be very fast and is generally weather

independent, reducing site delays and ensuring the construction programme can be maintained.

 Precast concrete is very durable.  There are fewer local environmental impacts such

as dust and noise pollution’’. (Lambert, 2019)

The nearest source: Newhaven Workshops, Beach Cl, Newhaven BN9 0BY, 22 min drive (14.1 miles) via A27 and A26.

‘’The on-site installation of precast components can be a high-

risk activity involving the use of heavy plant, cranes and

personnel working at height. Consideration for to

safeguarding against risks when receiving delivery, moving,

and placing units. Consideration should be given to: The

method and sequence of assembly and fractionate method of

providing temporary supports: Structural connections and

joint details, tolerances, handling and rigging requirements,

site accessibility for delivery and storage, crane capacity and

working clearance for hoisting,

visual inspection of concrete finishes for defects’’.

(Lambert, 2019) Prestressed concrete

(Designingbuildings.co.uk, 2019)

‘’Prestressed concrete is a structural material that

allows for predetermined, engineering stresses to

be placed in members to counteract the stresses

that occur when they are subject to loading. It

combines the high strength compressive

properties of concrete with the high tensile

strength of steel. In ordinary reinforced concrete,

stresses are carried by the steel reinforcement,

whereas prestressed concrete supports

the load by induced stresses throughout the

entire structural element. This makes it more

resistant to shock vibration than

ordinary concrete, and able to form long,

thin structures with much smaller

sectional areas to support equivalent loads’’.

(Designingbuildings.co.uk, 2019)

 ‘’The inherent compressive strength of concrete is used to its fullest.

 The special alloy steels used to form the prestressing tendons are used to their fullest.

 Tension cracks are eliminated, reducing the risk of the steel components corroding.

 Shear stresses are reduced.  For any given span and loading condition a reduction in weight

can be achieved from using a component with a smaller cross section.

 A composite member can be formed by joining individual precast concrete units together’’. (Designingbuildings.co.uk, 2019)

The nearest source:

J P Concrete Products Ltd.

Suite 24 New Haven Enterprise Centre Denton Island, Newhaven BN9 9BA, 21 min drive (12.0 miles) via A27 and Piddinghoe Rd/C7

 ‘’A high degree of workmanship and control is required.  Special alloy steels are more expensive than

traditional steels  used in reinforced concrete.  Expensive equipment is needed and there are  complex safety requirements’’.

(Designingbuildings.co.uk, 2019)

8. Design Method Statements:

Design Method Statement includes 10 constructability slides of step by step process to provide visual representation of the project construction stages. The pictograms should be read from left to right clockwise to follow planned sequence, all of them are linked to Descriptive Method Statement, where process in more details is provided alongside with Health and Safety mandatory precautions in place. Descriptive Method Statement are also linked to Tabulated Method Statements which provide information about quantities, details of plants, duration time and pricing. In Design Method Statements the pictures are arranged with colours coordinated in ACTIVITIES section which is placed in the left corner on each side to name and explain each picture and its function. If few pictures were relevant to one process mentioned in ACTIVITIES section, they were grouped inside one colour frame for easier understanding (e g blue frame slide 1). On each slide there is smaller picture on the right top corner, the aerial view what shows orientation of the module in the whole project, then this part is maximised in the middle to show more details about the process, it has pictures of each work done directed by arrows. The project is divided into 5 different sections and each section will be constructed as first one (shown in detail in DMS), starting from 1,2,3,4 and finishing at 5. After finish of 5th section the remaining materials and tools which will not be used in the next process have to be removed and all sections tidied up. On each slide the only one section is zoomed in to show the work sequence, most of the time that section is divided to four other parts what shows step by step of construction with provided pictures. In few slides there is only section in whole to show arrangement of materials. The sequence of reading the pictures is from top left corner clockwise. There is green section on aerial view for delivery route (thick green arrow), moving truck around and unloading materials (green circle). At the bottom of the page there are project information and notes section with YouTube links provided for clearer understanding of some processes. The first stage of the roof section process starts when previous section (steel frame) finishes, the roof section starts from fixed columns and beams, throughout different stages of roof decks to finish with ready ‘Sky Park’ product with benches and lights ready to use. In the last slide there are three option how the end product can look like (depends on arrangements of media) and the client has choice to choose the most suitable one, also there are samples of colourful flowers to choose from if client prefers more lively and colourful design.

Fig 1 (Sendhamrai.com, 2019)

Fig 2 (Tatcher, 2019)

Fig 3 (City Lifting, 2018)

Fig 4 (Hfe-singns.co.uk, 2019)

Fig 5 (Hfe-singns.co.uk 2019)

Fig 6 (Theconstructionindex.co.uk, 2019) Fig 7 (indiamart.com, 2019) Fig 8(Planstic-netting.org, 2019) etting.org, 2019) )

Fig 9(Planstic-netting.org, 2019) etting.org, 2019) )

Fig 10(Engineered Fall Protection, 2019)

Fig 11(Ltd, 2019)

Fig 12(www.steelconstruction.info, 2019)

Fig 13 (Hfe-singns.co.uk, 2019

Fig 14 Storz and Son Inc, 2019

Fig 15 Anon, 2019

Fig 16 Northern Steel Decking, 2019

Fig 17 (iStock, 2019) Fig 18 (iStock, 2019)

Fig 19 ,20, 21

(Dvoran metals LTD, 2019)

Fig 22 (Dinterior.me , 2019)

Fig 27 (CivilDigital, 2019)

Fig 24 (Ltd , 2019) Fig 23(Port Aggregates , 2019)

Fig 26 (Ltd, 2019)

Fig 25 (Concreteconstruction.net, 2019) Fig 28 (IDH Design, 2019)

Fig 31 Livingdaylight.co.uk, 2019)

Fig 30 (indiamart.com, 2019)

Fig 29 (iStock, 2019)

Fig 32 (Bilco.com,2019)

Fig 33 (YouTube, 2019) Fig 34 (YouTube, 2019)

Fig 35 (Guy, 2019) Fig 36 (Anon, 2019)

Fig 39 (Slideshare.net, 2019)

Fig 38 (Slideshare.net, 2019)

Fig 37 (YouTube, 2019)

Fig 42 (Lipanigroup.com, 2019)

Fig 41 (Pinterest, 2019)

Fig 40 (Vegetalid.com, 2019)

Fig 44 (Instrucktables.com, 2019) Fig 43 (Instrucktables.com, 2019)

Fig 45 (Liveroof.com, 2019)

Fig 48 (Loop N. 2019) Fig 47 (Recover Green Roofs.com, 2019)

Fig 46 (Barbour.info, 2019)

Fig 51 (Sftool.gov, 2019)

Fig 50 (Nobutts.couk. 2019)

Fig 49 (Nobutts.couk. 2019)

Fig 54 (Sftool.gov, 2019)

Fig 53 (Green Roofers. 2019) Fig 52 (Pinterest, 2019)

9. Descriptive Method Statements:

Descriptive Method Statement section is provided to show the stages on construction process in more detail, it must be red alongside Tabulated Method Statement and Design Method statements to understand the process fully. This section describes construction method step by step, justifies and explains the method used behind the processes show in this project. As the work is carried out on the roof, there are many more considerations and equipment involved. The transition of materials must be very safe and adequacy of the equipment high. The most fatalities in the construction sides are caused by falling from heights or by hit of the falling object. There are many regulations mentioned before about construction at height, roof construction safety but there are few more specific legislations about specific and potentially dangerous work as cutting, welding, handling concrete, and moving materials from ground to roof deck. All risks must be addressed, and all the works must be in line with adequate regulations of Health and Safety which can be found in table below in the note section.

Descriptive

Method

Statement

Design

Method

Statement

Tabulated

Method

Statement

Activity Description Notes

001 001 001 Instalment of safety signs, temporary edge protection, safety nets, rubbish chute, aerial work platform.

Flat top crane assembled in a previous stage of construction. (Steel frame) All materials delivered by 28 tonne trucks by delivery route shown in DMS 001. Truck entry as green arrow on DMS 001

turn around within green circle unloading of materials and leaving same way as it came each time. Delivery and assembly of aerial work platform.

Part of unloaded materials moved to storage placed in ground floor car park zone, rest delivered to the roof by fixed flat top crane in parts. Every time the load has to be moved to the roof by crane, all loads has to be safely sealed to not fall off, and if they are long rectangular modules, it should have lines attached to each of them for not twisting in the air and for labourer easier catchment

and safe assembly on the floor. All stages of construction are starting from section 1 throughout to section 5. Temporary edge protection is lifted, and qualified labourers harnessed to rail of the

basket on aerial work platform will screw the fence to steel beams, and around roof hatches, then safety netting is fitted the same way, chute is installed and protected, exclusion zones set up

alongside with signage. Rest of the material moved to the roof and sequence of work repeated.

All truck deliveries in this project must be in line with The Road Vehicles (weight restrictions) Regulations 2000 (Department for Transport, 2010) The Road Vehicle Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Amendment) (EU Exit)

Regulations 2019, Road Traffic (Vehicle Testing) Act 1999 See Appendix 13

All loading and unloading for this project must be in line with Manual Handling Operations Regulations 2002 See Appendix 14

Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LOLER) and Provision and Use of Work

Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER) for aerial platform (as manage and operate mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs, HSE).) and crane a well as BS 7121-1 Code of practice for safe use of cranes.

See Appendix 15

Temporary edge protection erected in line with BS EN 13374:2013 (Temporary edge protection systems), storage in line with

Materials storage and waste management – HSE Hse.gov.uk. (2019).

Warehousing and storage Hse.gov.uk. (2019). All activities on site and height must be in line with HSE, CDM 2015, Work at Height Regulations

2005, Health and Safety in Roof work 2012 Recommendations

All safety harnesses have quality that meets BS EN 354:2010 (Personal fall protection equipment. Lanyard) and BS EN 363:2008 (Personal fall protection equipment. Personal fall protection system,

here lanyard fasten to aerial platform basket) and must be worn all the time when at heights, if without other protection. If the edge protection or parapet is in place no other protection system is

needed. Fall arrest Hse.gov.uk. (2019) The safety signs around plants must be set in line with

The Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996. See Appendix 16 002 002 002 Erection of profile steel

decking, cutting drainage outlets holes, assembly of drainage outlets, welding of shear studs on steel decking.

All materials delivered by 28 tonne trucks by delivery route shown in DMS 002. (green box)

Part of materials unloaded and moved to storage placed in ground floor car park zone, rest delivered to the roof by fixed flat top crane in parts. Assembly of profile steel decking by attaching it unit to unit, start from edge protection when the labourers can be fastened by lanyard to the rail. Cutting round holes (by hole saw attached to drill power tool) in profile steel decking for drainage outlets, assembly of drainage outlets in the cut hole, then drain pipes from the outlet fastened to concrete columns to pipe down waste water straight to sewage. Shear studs welded on steel decking to gain friction (anchor points for concrete layer. It will prevent concrete to slide off when is poured and cured).

Rest of the material moved to the roof and sequence of work repeated.

All safety harnesses have quality that meets BS EN 354:2010 (Personal fall protection equipment. Lanyard) and BS EN 363:2008 (Personal fall protection equipment. Personal fall protection system,

here lanyard fasten to edge protection barrier. When constructing roof deck with profiled steel sheets, extra caution must be taken in consideration,

they should be strangled or have rubber protection on the edges, before assembly the wind speed levels should be checked, if they fall out of roof the can be very sharp.

The staff using the disc cutter equipment must be trained and work in line with Abrasive Wheels Regulations 1970.The equipment must be certified and in line with BS EN 51044 –

safety of handheld electric motor operated tools (HSE, 2005) See Appendix 17 When cutting wholes in steel the work carried on should be in line with: Safe use of manually fed pivoting-head metal-cutting circular saws-(HSE)

Hse.gov.uk. (2019) Safe use of manually operated cross cut saws – HSE http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubnS/wis36.pdf

When welding the staff should follow guidelines: The safe use of compressed gases in welding, flame cutting – (Hse.gov.uk. (2019) )

Welding health and safety - HSE

Hse.gov.uk. (2019) Welding Fume Extraction HSE 2019

Hse.gov.uk. (2019) Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) workplace fume and dust extraction

Hse.gov.uk. (2019) 003 003 003 Assembly of: Timber

formwork, Steel mesh and rebars.

All materials delivered by 28 tonne trucks by delivery route shown in DMS 003. (green box) Part of materials unloaded and moved to storage placed in ground floor car park zone, rest delivered to the roof by fixed flat top crane in parts.

Formwork assembled around the edges of the building and boxes of wooden squares formwork created forms for concrete pour, all roof boxes must be set in the way that whole roof is covered in square sections with the negative v shape slope (drainage outlet in the middle) where water will not stagnate and go down straight after it touches the roof. Formwork assembled around drainage outlets to protecting it against concrete pour.

There should be no flat space after concrete pour as it will create the water stagnation areas what can lead to roof failure.

More about loading and unloading at heights can be found in book: BCSA guide to work at height during the loading and unloading of steelwork., 2007

When unloading and loading steel bars additional lines should be fasten to each edge for easier and safer hand over from crane to labourer hands on the top of the roof, also weight preventing it from

spinning around, and making it more stable and easier to move. When calculation the reinforcement, mix design, design standards, suitability of concrete staff must

follow NHBC Standards section : Concrete and its reinforcement (All from Hse.gov.uk. (2019) )

Construction of rebars and meshing inside formwork to reinforce the concrete and make it stronger, the steel members spacing must be calculated and must be protected by concrete so minimum 20 mm concrete cover is essential for weathering, and to prevent corrosion ACI 318 Building Code (Concrete Construction, 2005).

Rest of the material moved to the roof and sequence of work repeated.

004 004 004 Installation of floor extension around edges,

Concrete pour,

Compaction, levelling and curing.

Delivery, unloading and assembly of 1m of additional flooring to be suspended to the building by 28 tonne truck. The temporary floor extension is suspended and stabilised on back propping which must be assembled for 4 floors below to hold the deck and do not cause disruption to beams and floors below. This flooring will be in place around edges of whole building for labourers to have better and safer access when pouring and handling concrete .The safety edge protection will be moved to the edge of the new extension, by labourer fastened to aerial work platform. Delivery and assembly of concrete pump, setting exclusion zone with adequate signage. Delivery of concrete, assembly material to the pump, careful concrete pour to make sure formwork is intact, compaction of concrete, vibrating when is needed, levelling it by using bull float.

Then work stops for 5 days while concrete is curing, respraying with water while curing to limit concrete shrinkage and to prevent cracks, by 1 labourer for 7 days (including 5 days when the work stops) around 10 times a day.

For mixing and handling concrete staff must follow: Control of substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) 2002 sheets and be very cautious. Follow Assessment of the risk to health created by work

involving substances hazardous to health section in COSHH See Appendix 18 Staff must follow: National Structural Concrete Specification (NSCS)

Hse.gov.uk. (2019)

Staff handling concrete should follow guidelines of: HSE CIS26 – cement

Healthy Handling 2005: Wet cement skin Preventing contact dermatitis and urticaria at work

Managing risks from skin exposure at work Staff handling concrete vibrators should follow guidelines for Hand-arm vibration at work (HSE)

Hse.gov.uk. (2019)

005 005 005 Removal of formwork.

Delivery and assembly of elevator hatch and staircase hatch.

Removal of all formwork after 5 days of curing, by flat top crane then, another 22 days will be allowed to concrete reached its maximum strength, the work will be stopped for that period.

After 22 days the delivery of access hatches arrives, unloading and delivery to the roof by crane in cages.

Assembly of elevator and stair hatches, the edge protection from the hatches is taken down. The elevator will provide access to the roof for people on wheelchairs and people with medical conditions which forbid to take stairs. The stair route is a fire escape route which connects roof with last floor where will be access to toilet facilities.

The elevator hatch and staircase hatch are very fragile but heavy so extra precautions should be taken in consideration, while delivery, unloading and assembly.

006 006 006 Installation of vapour layer, insulation layer, separation layer.

All materials delivered by 28 tonne trucks by delivery route shown in DMS 006. (green box) The materials must be carefully unloaded to not break or crease the layers of the material, the vapour layer will be installed by layering down fixed by sealant (to reduce condensation in the roof structure), insulation layer will be placed in rectangular panels (for thermal properties, control of temperature, and separation layer layered out. All the materials must overlay to make good sealed layer before placing the next one. All the layers applied in parts, as each square of concave concrete will be layered separately to make it level around the hatch and to protect it from sides.

For mixing and handling layers sealant staff must follow: Control of substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) 2002 sheets and be cautious.

A COSHH Assessment Form for silicone sealant from (HSE Docs)

( hsedocs. (2019).)

A guide to safe working practices:

Working with solvents - HSE Hse.gov.uk. (2019)

007 007 007 Installation of waterproofing membrane, root-barrier membrane, granular mineral layer and filter fabric

All materials delivered by 28 tonne trucks by delivery route shown in DMS 007. (green box). All rolls unloaded and transported to the roof, assembly of waterproof membrane to water seal the surface, then applying the root-barrier membrane for stop roots before reaching the layers and destroy layers underneath, laying in mineral and filter fabric to stop the soil and growing medium to affect lower layers. All the layers are bought in rolls and will be sealed with special sealant the most adequate for each layer.

Control of substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) 2002 in place when using sealant

008 008 008 Construction of parapet. Pumping of growth media and planting vegetation

All materials delivered by 28 tonne trucks by delivery route shown in DMS 008. (green box). Construction of brick layered parapet, which will be sealed and waterproofed by cladding section. Delivery of hydroseeding pump, setting out signs and exclusion zones. Hydroseeding the seeds and soil on the last layer (at least of 200mm even layer), planting bigger vegetation in that soil. (As it takes time to grow bigger media like flowers etc they are bought half grown and planted in sprayed soil).

Control of substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) 2002 in place when using hydroseeding and conditioning plants with chemicals.

009 009 009 Constructing of safety barrier and walking decks

All materials delivered by 28 tonne trucks by delivery route shown in DMS 009. (green box). Erection of 1.5 m safety barrier just before the parapet to prevent people, especially children to fall off the roof. Removal of temporary safety protection barriers as no longer needed and returning them back. Placing pebbles between parapet and design area for wooden decks.

(minimum 20 cm wide layer of pebbles). Also, pebbles will be placed on the top of drainage outlets to cover them up, what will prevent their blockage and will not cause tripping hazard. Layering metal rails as a foundation of wooden walking decks welding in parts. Installation of anti- slip wooden decking on the top of rails wide enough to make sure that can be accessible by wheelchair. (minimum 1.5 m wide)

010 010 010 Arrangements of bins, benches, lights and decorative accessories

All materials delivered by 28 tonne trucks by delivery route shown in DMS 010. (green box). All materials unloaded and arranged as to design plan. Examples of arrangement of one sector in DMS 010. After completion, all tools, waste and not needed materials removed from the roof and disposed accordingly with guild lines, waste chute removed.

There is no need for electric installation as the lamps are on the picks which go into soils and they are solar powered, with option to put battery in if there in not enough sun.

10. Tabulated Method Statements

Tabulated Method Statements are provided to show the amount of time, materials, plants and labour needed for complication of this project. They should be read alongside with Design Method Statement and Detailed Method Statement to get better understanding about all the stages throughout the project. The time and number of work force needed was estimated based on: observing multistorey car park build by Kier next to Watts building at University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb campus, Case Based Precedence watched YouTube videos (few are included in Appendices below, the timings for justification). Materials quantity were calculated based on our group project building dimensions, the prices were obtained mainly from manufacture websites, fee quotation from local companies and Spon's Civil Engineering and Highway Works Price Book 2018. The process of labour was based on hourly rate from Spon's Civil Engineering and Highway Works Price Book 2018, taking that working day has 7h working and paid 1h for lunch break, work was carried on from 9-5, the normal working week: Monday to Friday, excluding weekends and Bank Holidays. Only when concrete was curing one person per day was needed on few weekends as exception and the adequate overtime pay was granted. (See more about pay rates in Appendix 11) All the plants estimations where provided from local supplies, what was more convenient but also minimised the Co2 footprint for the project and made it more environmentally friendly, estimates of prices were based on information from relevant websites and checked if the in line with Spon's Civil Engineering and Highway Works Price Book 2018.

Tabulated Method Statment

Desriptive Method Statment

Design Method Statment

Material Plant Labour Programme Notes

Qty/Type Cost Supply Qty/ Type

Cost Supply Qty/Type Cost Start Finish Duration

001 001 001 Rubbish chute X 10 weeks= £1,935 Skip X 10 weeks= £3,840 Temporary edge protection £10/m per Week X 10 weeks = £21,900 20 Safety signs Average £16/piece= £320 Certified Fall Arrest Safety Net 5m x 15m

NS500G =£241.94 x 25 pieces=

£6,048

£1,935 Appendix 19 £3,840 Appendix 20

£21,900

Appendix 21 £320 Appendix 22 £6,048 Appendix 23

Preindustrial: Hove depot Rabbit Waste Management Ltd Units 1 - 2 37 Chartwell Road Lancing Business Park West Sussex BN15 8TU Brighton Scaffolding Gemini House, 136- 140 Old Shoreham Road, Brighton, East Sussex BN3 7BD Brighton Tools & Fixings Units 6 & 7 Centenary Industrial Estate Hughes Road Brighton, BN2 4AW nets4you website

1x Tower Crane £800/per week x 10 weeks= £8,000 Appendix 25 1 x 32 Tonne Truck £75 / h with operator=£75 x 7 h= £525 Appendix 26 1 x Aerial work platform £350/day x 2 days=£700 Appendix 27

£9,600 £525 £700

Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN Same as above Same as above

4 x Skill Rate 4 £9.91/Hour= £317.12 x 2 days= £634.24 Appendix 28 1x Top crane operator (10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 2 days= £179.34 Appendix 29

£634.24 £179.34

01.05 02.05 2 days Appendix 34

8 x Harness with lanyard £37.92 x 8= £303.36

£303.36 Appendix 24

Tool station in Brighton Unit 2B Freshfields Industrial Estate, Stevenson Road, Brighton, BN2 0DF

002 002 002 Profile steel decking, £70.20/ 𝟔𝒎𝟐 x304= £21,340.8 20 x Drainage outlets x£25.71= £514.2 Shear studs 200 pieces = £580.02

£21,340.8 Appendix 30 £514.2 Appendix 31 £580.02 Appendix 32

Cladco Beardown Rd, Okehampton EX20 1UA Building materials website Hilti website

1 x 32 Tonne Truck £75 / h with operator=£75 x 7 h= £525

£525 Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN

4 x Skill Rate 4 £9.91/ Hour=£317.12 x 3 days= £951.36 1x Top crane operator (10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 3 days= £269.04 2 x (Welder and cuter) Skill Rate 2 £11.21/hour=£179.36 x 3 days= £538.08 Appendix 33

£951.36 £269.04 £538.08

03.05 07.05 3 days

Work carried on from Mon-Fri

003 003 003 Timber formwork To be confirmed Steel mesh and rebars. To be confirmed

To be confirmed

To be confirmed

1 x 32 Tonne Truck £75 / h with operator=£75 x 7 h= £525

£525 Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN

8 x Skill Rate 4 £9.91/Hour= £634.24 x 2 days= £1,268.48 1x Top crane operator (10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 2 days= £179.34

£1,268.48 £179.34

08.05 09.05 2 days

Work carried on from Mon-Fri

004 004 004 Floor extension around edges, 220mx 1 m=220𝒎𝟐 Propping taken from previous stage (spread out over 4 floors down)

To be confirmed To be confirmed

To be confirmed To be confirmed

1 x 32 Tonne Truck £75 / h with operator=£75 x 7 h= £525 Vibrating equipment Concrete pump Concrete mixer

£525 To be confirmed To be confirmed To be confirmed

Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial

8 x Skill Rate 4 £9.91/ Hour=£634.24 x 1 days= £634.24 1x Top crane operator (10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 1 days= £89.68

£634.24 £89.68

10.05 22.05

21.05 26.05

8 days 5 days wait for curing

Work carried on from Mon-Fri One person over time for weekend to spray concrete

Concrete To be confirmed 4 Bull floats Hose for spraying concrete 50 m

To be confirmed

To be confirmed

1x Aerial work platform £350/day x 2 days= £700

£700

Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN

1 x Operator skill 4 Skill (spraying concrete) Rate 4 £9.91/ Hour x 5 days=£79.28 x 5= £396.4

£396.4

005 005 005 Elevator hatch x 1 Staircase hatch. x 1

To be confirmed

To be confirmed

1 x 32 Tonne Truck £75 / h with operator=£75 x 7 h= £525

£525 Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN

8 x Skill Rate 4 £9.91/ Hour=£634.24 x 1 days= £634.24 1x Top crane operator (10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 1 days= £89.68

£634.24 £89.68

28.05 29.05

28.05 19.06

1 day 22 days wait for curing

One person over time for weekend t o spray concrete, then Monday is bank holiday

006 006 006 Vapour layer 1820𝒎𝟐 Insulation layer 1820𝒎𝟐 Separation layer 1820𝒎𝟐

To be confirmed

To be confirmed

1 x 32 Tonne Truck £75 / h with operator=£75 x 7 h= £525

£525 Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN

6 x Skill Rate 4 £9.91/ Hour=£475.68 x 1 days= £475.68 1x Top crane operator (10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 1 days= £89.68

£475.68 £89.68

20.06 20.06 1 days Appendix 35

Work carried on from Mon-Fri

007 007 007 Waterproof membrane 1820 𝒎𝟐 Root- barrier membrane 1820 𝒎𝟐 Granular mineral layer and filter fabric 1820 𝒎𝟐

To be confirmed

To be confirmed

1 x 32 Tonne Truck £75 / h with operator=£75 x 7 h= £525

£525 Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN

6 x Skill Rate 4 £9.91/ Hour=£475.68 x 2 days= £951.36 1x Top crane operator (10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 2 days= £179.34

£951.36 £179.34

21.06 24.06 2 days Appendix 36

Work carried on from Mon-Fri

008 008 008 Parapet wall 220 m Plants in pots x 200 pieces

To be confirmed

To be confirmed

1 x 32 Tonne Truck £75 / h with operator=£75 x 7 h= £525

£525

Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN

8 x Skill Rate 4 £9.91/Hour=£634.24 x 6 days= £3,805.44

£3,805.44

25.06 02.07 6 days

Work carried on from Mon-Fri

Seed growth media 1820 𝐦𝟐 x 0.2m thickness= around 370𝐦𝟑

To be confirmed

To be confirmed

1 x Hydroseeding pump for 2 days

To be confirmed

1x Top crane operator (10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 6 days= £358.72

£358.72

009 009 009 Safety barrier 220m Walking decks 182 𝒎𝟐

To be confirmed

To be confirmed

1 x 32 Tonne Truck £75 / h with operator=£75 x 7 h= £525 1x Aerial work platform £350/day x 3 days= £1050

£525 £1050

Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN Same as above

6 x Skill Rate 4 £9.91/ Hour=£475.68 x 4 days= £1,902.72 1x Top crane operator (10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 4 days= £358.72

£1,902.72 £358.72

03.07 08.07 4 days

Work carried on from Mon-Fri

010 010 010 15 Benches 15 Bins 4 Water and slip proof wooden decking paths 60 motion sensor solar lamps

To be confirmed

To be confirmed

1 x 32 Tonne Truck £75 / h with operator=£75 x 7 h= £525

£525 Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN

8 x Skill Rate 4 £9.91/ Hour=£634.24 x 1 days= £634.24 1x Top crane operator (10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 1 days= £89.68

£634.24 £89.68

09.07 09.07 1 day

11. Programme of work and planning:

Programme of work and accurate planning activities are crucial in the process of designing any building, it is linked to costs, labour, material, plants and client needs. In this section there are 3 Gantt charts created to show plan of 3 different scenarios. First, if the works follow the original schedule (Gantt chart 1) , second if the work fall behind (Gantt chart 2) if the work is ahead (Gantt chart 3) compering to time given in the contract. All the chart was composed by help of ASTA project software, which helps to present data graphically in easy and understandable way. More about constructability, stages and timings related to original plan can be found in Design Method Statement, Descriptive Method Statement. Each table show activity its start day, duration and end date. Most of the duration of this project is estimated, however if the schedule will follow the original plan the construction of this section should take 10 weeks. Start date:01.05.19 and finish 09.07.19. The estimates are based on working week from Monday to Friday, excluding Saturday, Sunday and Bank Holidays. The regular working hours will be 9-5 with 1 hour lunch break included, what gives 7 hours of work per day. Only the exception was made when the concrete was curing, and one person was delegated to work overtime for spraying concrete every day, it is crucial as it can compromise the design. The overtime can be given to labourers who are willing to do it or it can be shared by work force, it can rotate that everyone will have at least one day off per working week.

Gant charts:

GANTT CHART 1: ACTIVITIES ACCORDING TO PLAN

Above Table 6 shows sequence of work when all the duration of works in this construction was estimated correct and if there was no delay caused by delivery, lack of labour (sickness of more than one member of stuff per day), extreme weather condition (too strong wind, hailstorms, heavy rain, very strong heat wave), wrong order of material, mistake in calculations, breakdown of plant etc.

In this estimation the work commencing on 01.05.19 and finishing at 09.07.19, the relationship between activities is mostly start to finish what is shown Gantt chart 1 as green boxes, there is also three doted boxes, as a floating activities to show options in constructability. There has to be a sequence, but some activities can be started before the other finish.

Orange dotted box shows that construction of the parapet can be done as soon as the form work from concrete will be taken off as there is additional 1m of decking around the edges of the building what allows labourers to freely walk around and start building the parapet much earlier, however pumping vegetation must be in sequence straight after the layers are applied but works are commenced in sections so as soon as that section is layered with all the materials the seeding can be started in the ready section while the other are still being layers, for example in case if the project runs behind.

Blue dotted line is triggered straight after the parapet for safety barrier and walking decks can be constructed around sections with seeded vegetation in place.

Purple dotted line shows another floating activity, as soon soil is layered, the lights can be stuck on to it, when the part of decks are finished, benches and bins can be arranged in that parts.

Next stage of the building is cladding, and it can be started at any point of construction of the roof, only the last 2 meters from the top will have to be started when the parapet will be constructed and the additional deck round the edges will be taken off to provide access to this section.

GANTT CHART 2: ONE OF THE IF SCENARIOS: MORE THAN WEEK BEHIND

One of the option is that the works will fall behind from one of the reasons included in previous paragraph, if there will be a delay in activity 2(line two) on the chart for 2 days, line 3 for 4 days, than the work will extended the deadline for 6 days, so over a working week what means that the plant has to be rented for longer, labourers has to be paid for another week and one day, the contractor is losing money as he cannot use the building in time and that can have many more repercussions, connected with vendors, email etc. To avoid all the problems connected with delay, the easiest is to try to catch up with the work. This roof is done in modular sequence and few of them can be arranged at the same time, it will reduce the time to the agreed deadline. As soon as the concrete is cured another gang can start working simultaneously in different sections of the roof, section 1 can be done alongside with section 4 and 5 and when it is completed, both gangs can connect with section 2 and 3 in the middle. It is important to not put too much strain before concrete reaches 28 days full strength in all sections however all seven layers are very light so, if there is a really long delay the works can be done around week earlier but it is not recommended. The works can be also be faster for constructing parapet, there can be even for gangs starting from each corner and meet up in the middle, this is the easiest way to speed up the process without compromising quality, however in each scenario which is not according to plan the calculations of labour, plant, tools must be recalculated.

GANTT CHART 3: ONE OF THE IF SCENARIOS: MORE THAN WEEK AHEAD

If ahead

The other option is that the estimate time was too long for the project to complete and the project runs ahead which causes other issues. If there are contracts for plant hire, delivery scheduled in certain time, labourers cannot carry on the tasks. Also bigger salaries have to be paid faster and that will cause inconvenience for the client but can also lead to contractor failure. The contractor will have to pay the labour and plants, where the client has to pay money in line with the contract, so if the contractor cannot pay, the work will has to stop, until the next part of the money will be paid by the client. If the contractor pays to cover the costs temporarily, the money is frozen and it may affect the condition of the company and also affect different projects. The last point to mention is company reputation, as the client might not be happy to see work stopping for a full working week or more. The labourers can find another job until the work will commence or, the company will have to pay them anyway if they on the contract. The easiest way is to reduce the number of labourers to two working on the roof and that will extend the work to agreed final day, labourers can get one or two extra days off work instead of a full week as they can rotate for everyone to work.

12. Conclusion:

Construction of the roof is quite complex and there are many different options on the market to choose from.

The semi intensive green roof will be beneficial for a client as it has longer durability, has big potential, is accessible, it is modern, ecological and visionary.

It adds beautiful green park (Sky Park) on the top of the roof which shows that the University of Brighton is environmentally friendly, using new technologies and takes care of its students and local community offering beautiful buildings which improves Moulsecoomb landscape and creates attraction for tourists too. The project was constructed to benefit the client and local community. The CO emission was minimised by using pants from local companies all around Brighton, which also cut out the prices of travel. The labourer gangs were sourced from local businesses and shows that the client is considerate and supports small local businesses. Few plants where supplied with an operator that cut down hours of labourer hire and was most price effective, also reduced liability if the plat got damaged or broken. Most of the materials were also sourced locally that cut its price and pollution. The green roof also added more porous surface to the land around. Nowadays everything is finished in concrete or another non-preamble surface and this area is mostly developed with concrete building, so when there is lots of rain all the roads are turning in to small streams as there is not enough porous areas to absorb it. The run water causes flooding. The Green roof has soil and plants that needs water and can absorb it which will help with flooding in this area. There is also an opportunity to direct the water to storage tanks and use it to water the plants in the summer or on drier days. The contractor gives the client a few options of the end product, more soulful and ‘arty’ colourful option or just clean green surfaces with low maintenance flora. The client can pick the section to create little herb and veggie garden, if the Art gallery has a bar so the drinks can be made with, for example, ‘Sky mint from our own roof’ which can add benefit in advertising. When constructing the project, local community and habitants of Moulsecoomb were the most important and the contractors build up good relationship by offering temporary car park for nursery, library and Manor house staff and visitors, keeping noise to a minimum during sleep time in the nursery. The PM of the project went to neighbouring institutions and made quick presentation about stages of the projects that staff were aware how long and what disruptions they can anticipate. Also, the works was limited to Monday to Friday 8 am to 6 pm with exception of watering the concrete on few weekends, but no noise and disturbance was created as no heavy machinery was involved. When the ‘Sky Park’ will start operating, it can bring lots of benefits to the client. It is safe to use for children, animals and adults (double edge protection parapet wall and fence), it can be a good place to walk around at day or night. As there is 1.5 m fence the projector can be arranged at night and with few additional chairs can be transformed in outdoor cinema (additional income) or soiree area.

13. Appendences Appendix 1:

Case Based Precedence

Project name and picture Details Additional information Highlights Application

Client Name State University of New York

Architect Architerra Inc. Landscape Architect Andropogon Associates

Green Roof Installer Recover Green Roofs

Type Intensive

Plant Type(s) Native, Mixed Perennials

Green Roof Components J-Drain

Waterproofing Membrane TPO Size 5,000 sq. ft.

‘’State University of New York’s College of Environmental Science and Forestry student centre, called the Gateway Building, was designed to achieve a LEED Platinum certification. It features a combined heat-and- power system, and a highly visible 5,000-square-foot green roof designed to serve as both an example of a rooftop native species installation and a distinctive outdoor classroom.’’

‘’Highview Creations and Motherplants, LTD company work to install an intensive green roof composed of Alvar plant community species that are known for their tolerance in dry soils. Plants were grown at Motherplants Nursery in Ithaca, New York.’’

Health and Safety

1.5 h meter fence

Similar plants

Similar usage

http://www.recovergreenroofs.com/suny-esf- green-roof

Client Name North Shore Community College

Green Roof Installer Exquisite Landscaping

Type Extensive

Plant Type(s) Sedum

Green Roof Components Live Roof

Remediation/Maintenance Recover Green Roof

Size 3,000 sq. ft.

‘’NSCC's state-of-the-art Health Professions & Student Services Building is the Commonwealth's first state-owned zero net energy building and received a LEED Gold status in 2011. Recover took over maintenance of the existing green roof to correct inconsistencies in sedum health due to inadequate establishment. ‘’

‘’Maintenance department implemented a remediation program that brought the roof to 95% plant coverage, improved function and aesthetics, and returned the roof to the school’s original vision. Recover corrected inconsistencies in plant health by addressing installation issues, testing soil and making amendments with slow release organic fertilizer, weeding, planting new sedums to fill bare areas, and adding temporary irrigation during dry seasons.’’

Part of sedum is similar

Similar size

One of the considerations in early stage of the project

http://www.recovergreenroofs.com/north- shore-community-college-green-roof

Client Name Holyoke Community College

Architect Goody Clancy

Green Roof Installer Roofmeadow

Type Extensive

Plant Type(s) Mixed Sedum Plugs, Allium

Plant Supplier Emory Knoll Farm

Green Roof Components Roofscapes

Waterproofing Membrane PVC

Size 2,400 sq. ft.

The Kittredge Center for Business and Workforce Development is the Pioneer Valley's premiere resource for workforce training, professional development, and personal growth at Holyoke Community College. A 2,400-square-foot green roof installed in 2005 made the Kittredge Center the first green roof on a state-owned building in Massachusetts.

Similar composition

Similar usage

Similar size

http://www.recovergreenroofs.com/holyoke- community-college-green-roof

Appendix 2

CDM (2015)

Important parts:

See in more details at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2015/51/schedule/5/made

Appendix 3 Important parts:

5-point PPE in line with The Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 1992

See in more details at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1992/2966/contents/made

Appendix 4 The Work at Height Regulations 2005 (with amendment 2007)

Important parts:

See in more details at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/735/contents/made

Appendix 5 Considerate Constructors Scheme

Important parts:

See in more details at https://www.ccscheme.org.uk/ccs-ltd/code-of-considerate-practice-2/

Appendix 6

Health and Safety in Construction

See more in document on the website (this is only few pages out of 141) and most of it is relevant to the roof section: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg150.pdf

Appendix 7

https://livingroofs.org/introduction-types-green-roof/

https://slideplayer.com/slide/10827350/

http://www.wildaboutroofs.co.uk/single-post/2017/08/22/Solving-Problems-with-Green-Roofs

Appendix 8

The Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012

See more at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2012/632/schedule/1

Appendix 9 A GUIDE TO HEALTH AND SAFETY IN ROOF WORK

HSG33

Source at: https://www.safesite.co.uk/assets/uploads/HSG_33_health_and_safety_in_roofwork.pdf

Appendix 10

Plants:

7 TYPES OF CRANES USED IN CONSTRUCTION WORKS

There are various types of cranes used in civil engineering construction works. A crane is a piece of heavy machinery that is a tower or platform that is equipped with cables and

pulleys. They are used to lift and lower materials. The most common use of cranes is in the construction industry and heavy equipment manufacturing. Different Types of Cranes

The types of cranes used in construction are generally temporary structures and will be either fixed to the ground or mounted on a vehicle. The operator can control the crane from inside a cab that moves with the crane, by radio controls or by a push button pendant control station.

Crane Operators Crane operators have to be able to fully operate the crane. Some operators are trained only on one specific type of crane, while others will learn how to operate two to three. A

crane operator is paid well for their knowledge and ability to operate the heavy machine. Various Types

Different types of cranes are used under different circumstances and environment. Here are 7 crane types that are used commonly depending on the project, work objective and environment.

1. Telescopic Crane

A telescopic crane offers a boom that has a number of tubes that are fitted inside each other. Then hydraulic mechanisms extend or retract the tubes to length or shorten the boom.

2. Mobile Cranes This is the most basic type of crane and consists of a steel truss or telescopic boom mounted on some kind of mobile platform. This platform could be wheeled, a rail or even a

cat truck. The boom is hinged at the bottom and can be raised or lowered by cables or hydraulic cylinders. Mobile Cranes

3. Truck Mounted Crane These types of cranes are mounted on a rubber tire truck and provide excellent mobility. The outriggers will extend vertically or horizontally and are used to stabilize and level

the crane when it is hoisting a load of materials. 4. Tower Crane

A tower crane is considered to be a modern form of a balance crane. When fixed to the ground, this type of crane will often give the best of height and lifting capabilities. They are also used when constructing tall buildings.

5. Rough Terrain Crane The crane is mounted on an undercarriage that has four rubber tires and is designed to be use off road. The outriggers can extend vertically and horizontally to stabilize and level

the crane when it is lifting a large load. These types of cranes are single engine meaning that the same engine is used to power the undercarriage and the crane. 6. Overhead Crane

These types of cranes are also known as suspended cranes. They are generally used in a factory and some are able to lift very heavy loads. The hoist of the crane is set on a trolley that will move in one direction along a beam, sometimes two beams. They move at angles to the direction along the elevated or ground level tracks. The tracks are

usually mounted along the side of an assembly area. This is a hydraulically powered crane that has an articulated arm that is fitted to a trailer. A loader crane is used to load equipment onto a trailer. The crane can be folded into

numerous sections and will fit into small spaces when not in use. The crane can be easily transported because of its capabilities to be folded. Civil engineering uses many different types of cranes during a project. They can be used to move heavy equipment or machinery. Many types of cranes can quickly and easily

move equipment into trenches or down steep hills. They can move large pipes from one place to another. Cranes are beneficial in the construction process for buildings, bridges and overpasses. They are an indispensable asset to the construction and engineering fields.

Cranes have become a common sight on any work sight that involves heavy lifting or the lifting on materials onto higher areas. So using proper type of crane is important in construction works.

content from http://civilengineersforum.com/crane-types/ https://cranenetworknews.com/7-types-of-cranes-used-in-construction-works/

See in more details at: https://www.hst.uk.com/news/the-different-types-of-mobile-elevated-working-platforms-mewps/ Appendix 11

Appendix 12 Structural roof

‘’What are the different types of Concrete roof decks? Structural Concrete Deck – A cast-in-place concrete deck serves as an integral part of the structure and designed to carry heavy loads. Normal weight concrete is typically used

for cast-in-place construction. Beneath the roof cover, structural concrete roof decks are commonly topside insulated using adhered insulation panels or cast-in-place lightweight insulating concrete.

Structural Concrete Composite Deck – A supported steel panel deck system filled with normal weight or structural lightweight concrete. The steel deck panels are embossed in a manner which when filled with concrete, allows the elements of the construction to respond to load as a single unit. Structural concrete composite decks are somewhat uncommon at the roof level. They are often however, part of a building design when future above roof level floors are contemplated. Like structural concrete roof decks,

composite decks are commonly topside insulated using adhered insulation panels or cast-in-place lightweight insulating concrete. Precast Concrete Decks – Systems comprised of load bearing precast concrete members placed upon a structural support system. Commonly, the precast members are

comprised of reinforced, pre-stressed or post tensioned normal weight concrete. In many cases, the precast assembly is monolithically covered with a topside placement of lightweight or structural lightweight concrete which serves as a leveling layer. Thereafter, precast systems are commonly topside insulated, below the roof cover, using adhered

insulation panels or cast-in-place lightweight insulating concrete. Lightweight Insulating Concrete Decks – Non-structural, low-density, lightweight insulating concrete (LWIC) can be placed upon a variety of structural deck systems that have

been designed to carry loads. LWIC can be placed atop any of the above mentioned concrete deck types or directly upon a properly supported corrugated steel deck system. LWIC roof decks often contain encapsulated expanded polystyrene insulation and are placed in a manner to provide roof drainage.

What are the different materials in concrete? Normal Weight Concrete – Concrete having a typical cast unit weight of 145 lbs/ft³ resulting in a 28 day compressive strength of 2500 psi or greater. Concrete having structural

quality containing normal weight aggregates. Structural Concrete – Concrete designed to carry structural load while forming an integral part of a structure.

Structural Lightweight Concrete – Structural concrete having a cast unit weight not more than 115 lbs/ft³. Concrete comprised using lightweight aggregates and resulting in a 28 day compressive strength of 2500 psi or greater. Concrete having a structural quality.

Lightweight Concrete – Concrete having a cast unit weight of not more than 115 lbs/ft³. Concrete comprised using lightweight aggregates and resulting in a 28 day compressive strength of not less than 1200, but not more than 2500 psi. Considered non-structural. Lightweight concrete is often used for fill or leveling.

Lightweight Insulating Concrete – Low-density, non-structural concrete comprised using ultra-lightweight expanded mineral aggregates or preformed foam. Lightweight insulating concrete (LWIC) is defined as having oven-dry unit weights of 50 lbs/ft³ or less. Compressive strengths from 125 -350 psi are common for LWIC used in roof deck

construction. LWIC placements serve as insulating systems and are often constructed containing encapsulated expanded polystyrene insulation. They are commonly placed in a manner which provides drainage slope and serve to receive the attachment of the roof membrane. Types of lightweight insulating concrete:

1. Aggregate: LWIC which attains its low-density characteristic using ultra lightweight exfoliated or expanded minerals such as vermiculite or perlite.

2. Cellular: LWIC is neat cement paste concrete made very light and cellular by adding a pre-generated aerosol foam (Also known as foamed concrete). How do I determine what type of concrete deck I have?

Underside Examination – Cast-in-place structural concrete decks will appear monolithic from the underside. Pre-cast structures will be segmental. Composite decks will have a relatively wide spaced I-beam support system. The steel deck is commonly a wide rib type and will exhibit apparent embossment in the corrugations. LWIC placed upon steel

decks are generally supported by light framing systems. The most common steel deck types used in conjunction with LWIC are inverted profile form deck, wide rib “B” deck and deep profile “N” deck. Often, the decking will have slots or perforations broken into the bottom of the corrugations for venting. All steel deck used in conjunction with LWIC are

galvanized. Topside Examination – A useful tool for the examination of concrete decks is a wood handled masons hammer. Striking a structural material with a modest blow will result in a

ringing of the hammer head. Striking non-structural materials result in a dull hollow sound and an impact divot. If determined as being a non-structural material, lightweight concrete and the various types of LWIC can often be visually identified. By way of the visual examination of a deck fragment, the presents of sand aggregate would indicate lightweight concrete. Concrete with a tan coloration having aggregate particles with a brownish silver mica appearance would be a vermiculite or Zonolite LWIC. Concrete

containing aggregate particles appearing as white specks would be perlite LWIC. Concrete containing no apparent aggregate and numerous macro air voids would be cellular LWIC’’.

https://gartalk.garlandco.com/what-are-the-different-types-of-concrete-roof-decks/

Appendix 13

See more at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2019/550/introduction/made

The Road Vehicle Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019

See more at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2019/550/contents/made

Appendix 14

http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg143.pdf

Appendix 15

See more at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2307/schedule/1/made

Appendix 16

See more at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/341/signature/made

Appendix 17

See more at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1970/535/pdfs/uksi_19700535_en.pdf

Appendix 18

The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002

See more at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2677/regulation/11/made

Appendix 19

Rubbish Chute Top/Mid Hopper and Rubbish Chutes

£15 a week + £8.50/1.5m per week=£15x10 weeks +£8.50 x 21 units x 10 weeks= £1,935

https://www.prindustrial.co.uk/product/rubbish-chutes/

https://www.prindustrial.co.uk/product/rubbish-chute-top-mid-hopper/

Appendix 20

Welcome to Rabbit Group

‘’Rabbit Group is the eco-friendly Sussex skip hire firm specialising in construction and commercial waste management. We have years of experience servicing Brighton, Worthing, Littlehampton, Lancing, Shoreham, Goring, Southwick, Bramber, Fishers gate and various coastal & Mid-Sussex areas’’.

https://www.rabbitgroup.co.uk/

12 Yard Skip

13ft Length x 6.5ft Width x 6.5ft Height.

https://www.wtskiphire.co.uk/sizes/

KSD Environmental Services Ltd Recycling Former Bus Depot Unit 1a Moulsecoomb Way Brighton East Sussex BN2 4PB

Tel: 01273 608711

https://ksdenvironmental.co.uk/basket/

Cheaper price was from Rabbit Group £320 (excluding vat+£64) per week x 10 weeks=£3,840

But if there is a need to improve environmental factors and reduce CO2 footprint the company from Moulsecoombe can be used instead.

VAT Calculator – Results

Example how to calculate prices when they are excluding VAT; simply adding 20% of the amount or use of online calculator as below.

Original Value = £320 Is this amount inclusive of VAT? = No

Net amount (excluding VAT): £320

VAT (@ 20%): £64

Gross amount (including VAT): £384

https://www.contractorcalculator.co.uk/vatsummary.aspx?uid=0&logon=False&psalary=50000&div=1&status=OutsideIR35&pyt=LimitedCompany&expenses =3000&other=0&pension=0&tc=1250L&age=30&salary=8000&rate=25&rt=Hourly&rt2=Hourly&weeks=44&dwpw=5&dwpw2=5&hours=37.5&dni=4000&tty =2019&rate2=25&weeks2=44&hours2=37.5&status2=OutsideIR35&psalary2=50000&mir=0.02&epv=500000&mdp=250000&mp=25&cid=0&vat=320&vi=Fal se&ar=1&gs1=0&gs2=0&gs3=0&gs4=0&nd=1&pbt=1&dpo=23-Mar-2019&dop=01-Jan- 0001&inv=1&hpd=11&me=150&vt=Car&mpw=0&mpc=0&pt=Monthly&ace=500&mt=Parasol&wl=InsideLondon&uds=Basic&Host=LOCAL

Appendix 21

Handrails for edge protection – priced from £10 per metre/week

https://www.brightonscaffolding.co.uk/

building parameter = 219 m x £10= £2190 x 10 weeks= £21,900

https://www.brightonscaffolding.co.uk/contact-us/

Appendix 22

20 safety signs

Average of £16/piece

https://www.brightontools.co.uk/category/safety-signs

Appendix 23

Certified Fall Arrest Safety Net 5m x 15m NS500G =£241.94 x 25 pieces= £6,048

https://www.nets4you.com/safety-nets-safety-netting

Appendix 24

Tool station in Brighton Unit 2B Freshfields Industrial Estate, Stevenson Road, Brighton, BN2 0DF

8 x harness with lanyard £37.92 x 8= £303.36

https://www.toolstation.com/jsp-spartan-restraint- kit/p17114?store=GB&utm_source=googleshopping&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=googleshoppingfeed&gclid=CjwKCAjwzPXlBRAjEiwAj_XTEabCxdjCc pxhv0kPsrr23fQWtRAsrnOUkdYwRESyCx_dEY3JcOu70RoCqSgQAvD_BwE

Appendix 25

The LRH174 is the first Raimondi hydraulic luffer from the new luffing jib crane range. This is a 10-ton hydraulic luffing crane with a maximum capacity of 2.4 tonnes at a 50-meter jib length. The tip load is 2,225 kg in Ultra-lift mode with two falls.

https://www.zlt-cranes.co.za/

Spons page online version: Spon's civil engineering and highway works price book 2019

by AECOM (Firm)

Comedil CBR 32H-4 - Self Erecting Tower Crane

Comedil CBR 32H-4 - Full hydraulic erection, galvanized tower and jib. The Terex Comedil CBR 32H-4 - Self Erecting Tower Crane is one of a range of pedestrian operated cranes that we currently hold in our plant hire fleet. This self-erecting tower crane is hired on a minimum 4 week hire period and requires a half day onsite setup.

4.0T @12.5m

32M

31M

https://www.coppard.co.uk/crane_hire.php#cbr32h

Crawler Cranes, Pick & Carry Cranes Tower Cranes

Hire / Rental

Plant Specifications

Description Per Week

Capacity Tonnes

Machine Weight KG

Max Working Height M

Reach M

Height mm

Width mm

CRB32 Terex Crane - Self Erecting Tower Crane***

£800.00 4.00 29,000 Kg

27.20 m 32.00 m

21,600 mm

2300 mm

Specification document https://www.coppard.co.uk/pages/cranes/comedil-cbr32h.php

Brighton Depot:

Coppard Plant Hire Ltd Unit 1 Grange Industrial Estate Albion Street, Southwick, Brighton Sussex BN42 4EN

1x Tower Crane £800/per week x 10 weeks= £8,000

https://www.coppard.co.uk/pages/general/contact_us.htm

https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy.brighton.ac.uk/lib/ubrighton/reader.action?docID=5592831

Appendix 26

Lorries Hire / Rental Plant Specifications

Code Description Per Hour With Operator Per Day Self Drive Tonne

Multi Lift with Grab - Scania **

£75.00 £...N/A 32.0 tonne

1 x

28 Tonne Truck £75 / h=£75 x 7 h= £525

https://www.coppard.co.uk/pages/index/table/160.php

Appendix 27

Access Equipment - Mechanical - Boom Lifts

Hire / Rental Plant Specifications

Description Per Day Per Week

Width mm Height mm

Capacit y KG

Working Height M

Power Supply

Teupen Leo 23GT Spiderlift - Tracked Telescopic Boom

£350.00 £1275.0 0

980 mm 1980 mm

200 Kg 23.00 m Diesel / Electric

aerial work platform £350/day x 2 days=£700

https://www.coppard.co.uk/pages/quick-links/access-equipment.php

Appendix 28

4 x

Skill Rate 4 £9.91/

Hour=£317.12 x 2 days(16h) = £634.24

7 hours worked by paid 8h per day including breaks

Spons page online version: Spon's civil engineering and highway works price book 2019

by AECOM (Firm)

page: 63 and 67

Appendix 29

1x top crane operator

(10-20t Skill Rate 2) £11.21/hour=£89.68 x 2 days(16h) = £179.34

7 hours worked by paid 8h per day including breaks

Spons page online version: Spon's civil engineering and highway works price book 2019

by AECOM (Firm)

page: 63 and 68

Appendix 30

1820𝑚 /6𝑚 =303.33 sheets

1820 𝑚 profile steel decking=> £70.20/6𝑚 x 304= £21,340.8

https://www.roofingsheets.com/our-products/sheets/box-profile-341000-sheets-pvc-plastisol- 07mm?gclid=CjwKCAjwzPXlBRAjEiwAj_XTEZhAIdX2VOboTmwM48p-JXA2TBxUu6f8almomwgxyVkdcRQLwlRknhoC79wQAvD_BwE

Appendix 31

Klober Rainwater Outlet Vent PVC

Price from: £16.37 per one

Klober Rainwater Outlet Grill

Price from: £9.34 per one

https://www.buildingmaterials.co.uk/roofing?cat=41

4 outlets per section

4 x 5 sections= 20 outlets

20 x £16.37=£327.4

20 x £9.34= £186.8

£327.4 + £186.8= £514.2

Appendix 32

shear studs on steel decking

40 shear links x 5 roof sections =200 pieces = £580.02

https://www.hilti.co.uk/c/CLS_DIRECT_FASTENING/CLS_DX_ELEMENTS/CLS_DX_OTHER_ELEMENTS/r6231?CHD_HEIGHT_PM=113%20mm&salespackquantit y=200%20pc&itemCode=348180

Appendix 33

2 x

(Welder and cuter)

Skill Rate 2 £11.21/hour=£179.36 x 3 days= £538.08

Spons page online version: Spon's civil engineering and highway works price book 2019

by AECOM (Firm)

page: 63 and 68

Appendix 34

2 days as watched Watts carpark (Kier), similar meterage of the roof, the edge protection was 1 day , rest of assembly was 1 day.

The gang of four was used to build and arrange it.

Appendix 26

2 days

4

x Skill Rate 4

2 x

(Welder and cuter)

Skill Rate 2

-Erection of profile steel decking: 304 panels/6 labourer=around 51 modules per person x 5 min(including bolting, screwing it down)= around 7 h plus delivery on the food top 15 minutes per one go(30 sheets at once ) makes 10 goes =2h5 hours, so 7+2.5= 9h30min so far , +unloading and arranging on the crane hook around 3h30min (20 min per load)=13h

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1mU14gGbn0

-cutting drainage outlets holes, 20 x 20 sec plus 20 x 10 min for drawings 400 sec + 200 min= around 7min +around 3h 20 min= around 3h30min/6 workers=around 40 min+13h + 2h for lunch(1h each day) = 15h40 min/8 hour + close down 20min= 16h so 2 days work ,

reference: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gaw9PWOZUGM

-assembly of drainage outlets, 5min x 20 of drains=100min/6 labourers=around 17 min

welding of shear studs on steel decking preparation (with drawing) 2 h= 6 min per each the shear studs

2h=120min/6 labourers=20min, + welding in into roof 1 min per each

reference: (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0HPQKtGcj8) 200min / 6 labourers= around 35 min ,so 37min +35 min= 1 h 12 +1 h break + cleaning the roof from bits and pieces 1h5 h throught a day and adjusting the shear studs ans checking it 5 min per one= 200 x 5 min=1000/6=167 min/60=around 3 h , so 1h12+1h+1.5h+3h=6h 42 , so 2 days + 6h42 min+38 min for close down= around 3 days

Appendix 35

Installation of vapour layer,

http://www.kline-johnson.com/portfolio-view/vapor-barrier-temp-roof-hormel-plant/

insulation layer,

separation layer.

http://www.kline-johnson.com/portfolio-view/vapor-barrier-temp-roof-hormel-plant/

2 days

6 skilled 4

Vapour barrier 10 min per roof section (6 people) 10 min x 5sections = 1 h (faster as roll on) + 1h to dry

Insulation barrier 20 min per roof section (6 people) x 5 sections= 2 h +2 h to dry (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PRYUD2C_TrE)

Takes more time as glued by modules, not roll.

Separation barrier 10 min per roof section (6 people) 10 min x 5sections = 1 h (faster as roll on) leave it to next day for next stage;

2 h + 4h +1h= 7 h = 1 full day

Similar method https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxOzPtBSjHw

Appendix 36

2 days

6 x

Skill Rate 4

Waterproof membrane 30 min per roof section (6 people) 30 min x 5 sections = 2.5 h (as it has to be sealed very tightly) + 4h to dry =6.5h plus 30 min for tiding up. 1 day

Root-barrier membrane 10 min per roof section (6 people) x 5 sections= 1 h +2 h to dry= 3 h

Insulation barrier 20 min per roof section (6 people) x 5 sections= 1.5 h +2 h to dry=3.5h

3h+3.5h plus 30 min for tiding up= 7 h= 1 day +1 day= 2 days.

See more: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxOzPtBSjHw

Appendix 37

Links for full list from tabulated section:

http://www.hse.gov.uk/pUbns/priced/hsg76.pdf

http://www.hse.gov.uk/foi/internalops/oms/2009/03/om200903app9.pdf

http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/eis12.pdf

http://www.hse.gov.uk/pUbns/priced/hsg139.pdf

http://www.hse.gov.uk/welding/index.htm

https://www.noiseairconsultants.co.uk/welding-fume-extraction/

http://www.hse.gov.uk/lev/index.htm

https://www.steelconstruction.org/shop/bcsa-guide-to-work-at-height-during-the-loading-and-unloading-of-steelwork-pdf/

http://nhbccampaigns.co.uk/landingpages/techzone/previous_versions/2011/Part2/section1/default.htm

http://nhbccampaigns.co.uk/landingpages/techzone/previous_versions/2011/Part2/section1/default.htm

http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/cis26.pdf

Healthy Handling 2005: Wet cement skin

http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/campaigns/handling2005/cement.htm

Preventing contact dermatitis and urticaria at work

http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg233.htm

Managing risks from skin exposure at work

http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/books/hsg262.htm

Staff handling concrete vibrators should follow guidelines for Hand-arm vibration at work (HSE)

http://www.hse.gov.uk/vibration/hav/

http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg273.pdf

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21

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22

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(indiamart.com, 2019)

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23

DMS

Figure 1

(Sendhamarai.com, 2019)

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Figure 2

(Tatcher, 2019)

Thatcher, A., Thatch, A. and Spaces, P. (2019). William P. Cahill - Roof Thatching. [online] William P. Cahill. Available at: https://roofthatch.com/ [Accessed 30 Apr. 2019].

https://www.bilco.com/category299/Roof_Hatches

Figure 3

(City Lifting, 2019)

Figure 4

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Figure 5

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Hfe-signs.co.uk. (2019). Safety Signs & Warning Signs UK - 9.9 Trustscore – Health & Safety Executive Signs. [online] Available at: https://www.hfe- signs.co.uk/health-safety-signs.php [Accessed 30 Apr. 2019].

Figure 6

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Theconstructionindex.co.uk. (2019). TfL study says construction should use bigger lorries to cut traffic. [online] Available at: https://www.theconstructionindex.co.uk/news/view/tfl-study-says-construction-should-use-bigger-lorries-to-cut-traffic [Accessed 30 Apr. 2019].

Figure 7

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Figure 10

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Figure 11

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Rubbish chute and skip: Ltd, T. (2019). A052-01541: Rubbish shoot on a townhouse under renovatio - Construction Photography. [online] Constructionphotography.com. Available at: http://www.constructionphotography.com/Details.aspx?ID=43291&TypeID=1 [Accessed 8 Jan. 2019].

Figure 12

(www.steelconstruction.info, 2019)

https://www.steelconstruction.info/Floor_systems

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Hfe-signs.co.uk. (2019). Safety Signs & Warning Signs UK - 9.9 Trustscore – Health & Safety Executive Signs. [online] Available at: https://www.hfe- signs.co.uk/health-safety-signs.php [Accessed 30 Apr. 2019].

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Stortz & Son Inc. (2019). Metal Roofing Snips | Stubai Snips | Pelican Snips - Stortz. [online] Available at: https://www.stortz.com/product-category/roofing- tools/sheet-metal-roofing-tools/snips/ [Accessed 30 Apr. 2019].

Figure 15

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(Anon, 2019)

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Figure 19, 20, 21

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Fig 23

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Fig 27

Ltd see above

Fig 28

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Fig 29

Istock see above

Fig 30

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Fig 32

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Fig 33

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Fig 34

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Figure 36

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Figure 37

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Figure 39

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Figure 40

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Figure 41

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Loop, N. (2019).

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Fig 49

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Fig 50

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Fig 51

Sftool.gov. (2019).

Sftool.gov. (2019). System Overview > Planted Roof - GSA Sustainable Facilites Tool. [online] Available at: https://sftool.gov/explore/green- building/section/76/planted-roof/system-overview [Accessed 30 Apr. 2019].

Fig 52

Pinterest. (2019).

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Fig 53

Green Roofers. (2019).

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Fig 54

Sftool.gov. (2019). System Overview > Planted Roof - GSA Sustainable Facilites Tool. [online] Available at: https://sftool.gov/explore/green- building/section/76/planted-roof/system-overview [Accessed 30 Apr. 2019].

Descriptive Method Statements:

Hse.gov.uk. (2019). Construction - Waste management & storage health & safety. [online] Available at: http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/safetytopics/storage.htm [Accessed 30 Apr. 2019].

More links for HSE guidelines see in Appendix 37

hsedocs. (2019). Risk Assessments, Method Statements, Free Downloads, training. [online] Available at: https://www.hsedocs.com/download/coshh-silicone- sealant-assessment-form/ [Accessed 30 Apr. 2019].

End