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11640.202110 - FALL 2020 - OPERATIONS SECURITY (ISOL-631-A03) - FIRST BI-TERM

Assignment 1 - APA Narasimha Charya Vangeepuram on Sun, Aug 30 2020, 10:40 PM

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Vangeepuram_Week1_Assignment1.doc Running Head: SUMMARY: 1 ASSIGNMENT -1 APA 1

APA 2

1 ASSIGNMENT-1 APA

Narasimha Charya Vangeepuram

1 ISOL631-A03 – OPERATIONS SECURITY

Dr. Ebenezer Mensah

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9/3/2020 SafeAssign Originality Report

1 UNIVERSITY OF THE CUMBERLANDS

2 SMITH JUSTIN, MCNAMARA ANDREW, & MURPHY-HILL EMERSON.

1 “DOES ACM’S CODE OF ETHICS CHANGE ETHICAL DECISION MAKING IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT?” SUMMARY

SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS ARE CONSTANTLY MAKING ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS. THESE CONSIDERATIONS INCLUDE DETERMINING THE APPROPRIATE QUANTITY OF USER DATA TO GATHER, BALANCING POTENTIAL ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS WITH ADDED FUNCTIONALITY AND CARRYING OUT DUE DILIGENCE TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF DANGEROUS SECURITY FAULTS. THESE DECISIONS CAN LEAD TO CONSIDERABLE HARM TO THE PLANET, ORGANIZATIONS, AND THE PEOPLE. HENCE, MANY RESEARCH STUDIES HAVE SUGGESTED THAT MAN VARIABLES CAN IMPACT ETHICAL DECISION MAKING. LITTLE HAVE BEEN DONE TO ASSESS ETHICS WITHIN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY OR COMPUTING. RESEARCHERS SUCH AS HARINGTON ESTABLISHED THAT CODES OF CONDUCT HAVE SLIGHT IMPACT PREVENTING THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS FROM BEHAVING UNETHICALLY SUCH AS CRACKING COMPUTING SYSTEMS.

TO GET COMPELLING RESULTS, 105 PROFESSIONAL SOFTWARE ENGINEERS AND 63 SOFTWARE ENGINEER STUDENTS WERE SUBJECTED TO EXPLORATORY PILOT INTERVIEWS CONCERNING ELEVEN SOFTWARE-RELATED ETHICAL DECISIONS. THE VARIANCE BETWEEN RESPONSES FOR 2 CONDITIONS WAS ANALYZED USING THE “KRUSKAL-WALLIS RANK SUM TEST”. THE FINDINGS INDICATED THAT THERE WAS NO STATISTICALLY CONSIDERABLE DIFFERENCE IN THE RESPONSE FOR EITHER PROFESSIONAL OR STUDENTS WHO DID NOT OR DID SEE THE CODES OF ETHICS. ALSO, THE FINDINGS SUGGESTED THAT 1 EFFECTIVE APPROACH TO IMPACT ETHICAL DECISIONS IN SOFT WARE DEVELOPMENT IS TO ASSIST THE DEVELOPERS SEE THE CONNECTION BETWEEN EXAMPLES

9/3/2020 SafeAssign Originality Report

OF SIMILAR NEWS-WORTHY DECISIONS AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF THEIR DECISIONS (MCNAMARA, SMITH, MURPHY-HILL, 2018).

THE THREAT TO VALIDITY AROSE DUE TO THE STUDY SAMPLE SIZE WHICH LIMITED THE ABILITY TO DETECT SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES AND THE QUESTIONNAIRE WHICH MEASURED THE INTENTIONS OF THE PARTICIPANTS RATHER THAN ACTUAL DECISIONS. HOWEVER, NO EVIDENCE WAS FOUND TO SUGGEST THAT THE ACM CODE IMPACTS ETHICAL DECISIONS AND HENCE A SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER RESEARCH ON THE TECHNIQUES TO ENHANCE ETHICAL DECISION MAKING SINCE THE CODE OF ETHICS HAVE NO PROMISING EVIDENCE IN INFLUENCING ETHICS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY.

References

1 MCNAMARA, A., SMITH, J., & MURPHY-HILL, E. (2018, October). 1 DOES ACM’S CODE OF ETHICS CHANGE ETHICAL DECISION MAKING IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT? IN PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2018 26TH ACM JOINT MEETING ON EUROPEAN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING CONFERENCE AND SYMPOSIUM ON THE FOUNDATIONS OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (PP. 729-733).

Citations (2/2)

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1 Another student's paper

2 Another student's paper

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9/3/2020 SafeAssign Originality Report

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ASSIGNMENT -1 APA 1

Source - Another student's paper Assignment-1 APA

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ASSIGNMENT-1 APA

Source - Another student's paper Assignment-1 APA

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ISOL631-A03 – OPERATIONS SECURITY

Source - Another student's paper ISOL631-A03 – Operations Security

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UNIVERSITY OF THE CUMBERLANDS

Source - Another student's paper University of the Cumberlands

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“DOES ACM’S CODE OF ETHICS CHANGE ETHICAL DECISION MAKING IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT?” SUMMARY

Source - Another student's paper “Does ACM’s code of ethics change ethical decision making in software development?” Summary

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SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS ARE CONSTANTLY MAKING ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Source - Another student's paper Software developers are constantly making ethical considerations

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THESE CONSIDERATIONS INCLUDE DETERMINING THE APPROPRIATE QUANTITY OF USER DATA TO GATHER, BALANCING POTENTIAL ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS WITH ADDED FUNCTIONALITY AND CARRYING OUT DUE DILIGENCE TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF DANGEROUS SECURITY FAULTS

Source - Another student's paper These considerations include determining the appropriate quantity of user data to gather, balancing potential adverse environmental effects with added functionality and carrying out due diligence to minimize the risk of dangerous security faults (Brinkman, et al., 2016)

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THESE DECISIONS CAN LEAD TO CONSIDERABLE HARM TO THE PLANET, ORGANIZATIONS, AND THE PEOPLE

Source - Another student's paper These decisions can lead to considerable harm to the planet, organizations, and the people

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HENCE, MANY RESEARCH STUDIES HAVE SUGGESTED THAT MAN VARIABLES CAN IMPACT ETHICAL DECISION MAKING

Source - Another student's paper Hence, many research studies have suggested that man variables can impact ethical decision making

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LITTLE HAVE BEEN DONE TO ASSESS ETHICS WITHIN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY OR COMPUTING

Source - Another student's paper Little have been done to assess ethics within information technology or computing

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RESEARCHERS SUCH AS HARINGTON ESTABLISHED THAT CODES OF CONDUCT HAVE SLIGHT IMPACT PREVENTING THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS FROM BEHAVING UNETHICALLY SUCH AS CRACKING COMPUTING SYSTEMS

Source - Another student's paper However, Researchers such as Harington established that codes of conduct have slight impact preventing the information systems from behaving unethically such as cracking computing systems (McNamara, Smith, & Murphy-Hill, 2018)

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TO GET COMPELLING RESULTS, 105 PROFESSIONAL SOFTWARE ENGINEERS AND 63 SOFTWARE ENGINEER STUDENTS WERE SUBJECTED TO EXPLORATORY PILOT INTERVIEWS CONCERNING ELEVEN SOFTWARE-RELATED ETHICAL DECISIONS

Source - Another student's paper To get compelling results, 105 professional software engineers and 63 software engineer students were subjected to exploratory pilot interviews concerning eleven software-related ethical decisions

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THE VARIANCE BETWEEN RESPONSES FOR 2 CONDITIONS WAS ANALYZED USING THE “KRUSKAL-WALLIS RANK SUM TEST”

Source - Another student's paper The variance between responses for 2 conditions was analyzed using the “Kruskal-Wallis Rank Sum Test”

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THE FINDINGS INDICATED THAT THERE WAS NO STATISTICALLY CONSIDERABLE DIFFERENCE IN THE RESPONSE FOR EITHER PROFESSIONAL OR STUDENTS WHO DID NOT OR DID SEE THE CODES OF ETHICS

Source - Another student's paper The findings indicated that there was no statistically considerable difference in the response for either professional or students who did not or did see the codes of ethics

Suspected Entry: 91% match

Uploaded - Vangeepuram_Week1_Assignment1.doc

ALSO, THE FINDINGS SUGGESTED THAT 1 EFFECTIVE APPROACH TO IMPACT ETHICAL DECISIONS IN SOFT WARE DEVELOPMENT IS TO ASSIST THE DEVELOPERS SEE THE CONNECTION BETWEEN EXAMPLES OF SIMILAR NEWS-WORTHY DECISIONS AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF THEIR DECISIONS (MCNAMARA, SMITH, MURPHY-HILL, 2018)

Source - Another student's paper Also, the findings suggested that 1 effective approach to impact ethical decisions in soft ware development is to assist the developers see the connection between examples of similar news-worthy decisions and the consequences of their decisions

Suspected Entry: 100% match

Uploaded - Vangeepuram_Week1_Assignment1.doc

Source - Another student's paper The threat to validity arose due to the study sample size which limited the ability to detect significant differences and the questionnaire which measured the intentions of the participants rather than actual decisions

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Uploaded - Vangeepuram_Week1_Assignment1.doc Source - Another student's paper

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HOWEVER, NO EVIDENCE WAS FOUND TO SUGGEST THAT THE ACM CODE IMPACTS ETHICAL DECISIONS AND HENCE A SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER RESEARCH ON THE TECHNIQUES TO ENHANCE ETHICAL DECISION MAKING SINCE THE CODE OF ETHICS HAVE NO PROMISING EVIDENCE IN INFLUENCING ETHICS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

However, no evidence was found to suggest that the ACM code impacts ethical decisions and hence a suggestion for further research on the techniques to enhance ethical decision making since the code of ethics have no promising evidence in influencing ethics in information technology (McNamara, Smith, & Murphy-Hill, 2018)

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MCNAMARA, A., SMITH, J., & MURPHY-HILL, E

Source - Another student's paper McNamara, A., Smith, J., & Murphy-Hill, E

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DOES ACM’S CODE OF ETHICS CHANGE ETHICAL DECISION MAKING IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

Source - Another student's paper Does ACM’s code of ethics change ethical decision making in software development

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IN PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2018 26TH ACM JOINT MEETING ON EUROPEAN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING CONFERENCE AND SYMPOSIUM ON THE FOUNDATIONS OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (PP

Source - Another student's paper In Proceedings of the 2018 26th ACM Joint Meeting on European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (pp

Suspected Entry: 98% match

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SMITH JUSTIN, MCNAMARA ANDREW, & MURPHY-HILL EMERSON

Source - Another student's paper Andrew McNamara, Justin Smith, and Emerson Murphy-Hill