RESIDENCY PRESENTATION
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Factors Influencing Individuals' Decision to not Utilize Mental Health in South Texas
RSD-881 Residency: Presentation of Progress
James Dada
Grand Canyon University
January 27, 2020
Purpose Statement
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The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study is to examine how mental health providers describe the factors influencing individuals' decision to not utilize mental health services in South Texas
Background of the Problem
History
U.S. Mental Health Care & Policy: Mental Health America (MHA), was developed in 1909
First studies on the effects of not using mental health services was identified in the mid-1950s
It found that institutional inpatient and outpatient care models are required
It also facilitated the development of a variety of antipsychotic drugs
(Mental Health America, 2020)
Literature review
Background/GAP
Factors Influencing Individuals' Decision Not Using Mental Health
Stigmatization of mental illness
Concern over confidentiality
Concerns about cost
Causes of Problem
Uninsured
Fear of other people finding out
Negative attitudes towards seeking help generally due to the unhygienic and confinement of mentally ill individuals.
Lower income earnings makes it had to get mental health services
Solution
Reducing stigma
Improving mental health literacy
Creating Awareness
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Literature review
Background/GAP (Cont’d.)
Objective: To examine the factors influencing individuals' decision to not utilize mental health in South Texas
Augsberger, A., Yeung, A., Dougher, M., & Hahm, H. C. (2015). Measured the history of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts over the last 12 months among Asian Americans
Result:
Asian parents dismissive of mental health concerns
Mental health & cultural stigma was identified as the central theme on the family and community levels.
Among 701 participants identified , more than 60% of women of the high-risk group did not access any mental health care
Recommendations:
Reduce stigma and educate about mental illness
Create awareness and acknowledgment of mental health issues in the Asian community
Encourage culturally sensitive screening and treatment services that incorporate cultural aspects
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Literature review
Theoretical Foundations
De Luca et.al. (2016). Contends that conflicting results surround the impact of race/ethnicity on utilization of Mental Health treatment. The author has confirmed in some of his empirical studies by comparing the variances in the rates of utilization of Mental Health among the African Americans, Caucasians and Hispanics in Southern Texas. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10597-015-9964-3
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Problem Statement
It is not known how do mental health providers describe the factors influencing individuals' decision to not utilize mental health services?
Review of the Literature
Physical Activity: Substance abuse such as drugs, including nicotine and alcohol, tend to change how individuals feel, because they want to feel better or different. However, experts say physical activity allows children to have a better outlook on life by building confidence, managing anxiety and depression, and increasing self-esteem and cognitive skills (Tala, 2017).
Cognition: Research suggests that drug abuse alters cognitive activities such as decision-making and inhibition, likely setting the stage for addiction and relapse. However, treatment for mental illness, alcohol abuse or drug abuse helps in reducing subsequent medical care utilization (Boardwalk Recovery Center. 2019).
Lifestyle Choices and Mental Health: Better mental health was linked to higher frequency of physical and mental activity, moderate alcohol consumption (i.e. not increased or no alcohol consumption), non-smoking, a body mass index within the range of normal to overweight (i.e. not underweight or obese) and a regular life rhythm (Velten, J., Lavallee, K. L., Scholten, S., Andrea Hans Meyer, A. H., Xiao-Chi Zhang, X. Schneider, S., & Margraf, J. 2015).)
Population, Target population & Sample
Population:
Individuals who do not utilize Mental Health but needs it
Target Population:
Mental Health providers with membership of Mental Health Association
Sample:
The sample will be in South Texas of the United States
Out of a population of 20 within the Mental Health Providers
10% of the total population
Questionnaire: Minimum of 40
Interviews: Minimum of 12 Mental Health providers
Research Questions
RQ2
What do mental health professionals consider appropriate mental health interventions for the Southern Texas population
RQ1
What do Mental Health providers perceive as barriers to accessing mental health care in Southern Texas?
Phenomena
To understand why the people living in Southern Texas are not effectively utilizing mental health services
There is a high rate of mental health conditions in Southern Texas
Individuals living in South Texas utilizes very low budget allocation on funding of mental health care
Cost is a factor impacting the population’s utilization of mental health services
Methodology
A qualitative descriptive study will be used.
This methodology was adopted because it will help to provide real life evidences from the interview with participants. The literature has determined the causes of the low utilization of mental health in South Texas and shows the limitations to accessing health care by examining barriers to specialty mental health care utilization (Augsberger, Yeung, Dougher, & Hahm, 2015).
Interviews and Questionnaires will be used to gather accurate information
Data will be obtained to determine the health seeking behavior and mental health patients/services in the State
Design
Qualitative Descriptive Study
This is the most appropriate methodology because it involves mental health providers and mental health professionals who actively work with clients and people with mental health issues. It gives credibility.
Literature supports the facts that issues of underutilized mental health resources and non-institutionalized adults is a behavioral risk factor in Southern Texas (Hamilton, Desai, Hoot, Gearing, Jeong, Meyer, & Begley, 2016).
Data Collection
Site visits to mental & Behavioral Health providers with the membership of mental health association
Consent from participants
Interview with Mental Health Providers: Physicians & Therapist recorded on tape
Sampling Method: Purposeful Sampling
Sources: Surveys, Interviews & Questionnaires
Data analysis
Data will be collected for the study using surveys, interviews and questionnaires. Notes will be taken; interviews will be tape recorded and documented properly
Descriptive statistics will be used in summarizing acquired data.
Coding will be used to address questions posed.
A narrative summary will be developed.
References
American Psychological Association (2020) Cognition is central to drug addiction. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/monitor/jun01/cogcentral
Augsberger, A., Yeung, A., Dougher, M., & Hahm, H. C. (2015). Factors influencing the underutilization of mental health services among Asian American women with a history of depression and suicide. BMC health services research, 15(1), 542. https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-015-1191-7
Basu, S., Rehkopf, D. H., Siddiqi, A., Glymour, M. M., & Kawachi, I. (2016). Health behaviors, mental health, and health care utilization among single mothers after welfare reforms in the 1990s. American journal of epidemiology, 183(6), 531-538. https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/183/6/531/2195922
Blosnich, J. R., Marsiglio, M. C., Gao, S., Gordon, A. J., Shipherd, J. C., Kauth, M., ... & Fine, M. J. (2016). Mental health of transgender veterans in US states with and without discrimination and hate crime legal protection. American journal of public health, 106(3), 534-540. https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302981
Boardwalk Recovery (2019). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substance Abuse. Retrieved from https://boardwalkrecoverycenter.com/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-for-substance-abuse/
De Luca, S. M., Blosnich, J. R., Hentschel, E. A., King, E., & Amen, S. (2016). Mental health care utilization: how race, ethnicity and veteran status are associated with seeking help. Community mental health journal, 52(2), 174-179. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10597-015-9964-3
References
Hamilton, J. E., Desai, P. V., Hoot, N. R., Gearing, R. E., Jeong, S., Meyer, T. D., ... & Begley, C. E. (2016). Factors associated with the likelihood of hospitalization following emergency department visits for behavioral health conditions. Academic Emergency Medicine, 23(11), 1257-1266. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/acem.13044
HomIan, M. A., Stanley, I. H., & Joiner Jr. T. E. (2015). Evaluating Factors and Interventions that Influence Help-Seeking and Mental Health Service Utilization among Suicidal Individuals: A review of the Literature. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272735815000768
LARSON, Z. (2018). America's Long-Suffering Mental Health System. Retrieved from http://origins.osu.edu/article/americas-long-suffering-mental-health-system
Tala, A. (2017). Healthline: Exercise Benefits Children Physically and Mentally. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health-news/exercise-benefits-children-physically-and-mentally#1
Velten, J., Lavallee, K. L., Scholten, S., Andrea Hans Meyer, A. H., Xiao-Chi Zhang, X. Schneider, S., & Margraf, J. (2015). Lifestyle choices and mental health: a representative population survey. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4304169/
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