public health event

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RoleofPublicHealthAgencies.ppt
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Role of Public Health Agencies

  • Department of Health and Human Services
  • Emergency Support Function-8 public health and medical services
  • The Secretary’s Emergency Response Teams
  • The Surgeon General’s U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps
  • The CDC’s public health experts and its Laboratory Response Network
  • The Strategic National Stockpile

Seal of the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps

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Office of Public Health Emergency Preparedness

  • The Office of Research and Development Coordination
  • The Office of Mass Casualty Planning
  • The Office of Medicine, Science, and Public Health
  • The Office of Emergency Operations and Security Programs

TOPOFF3 Hospital Response—New Jersey

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  • Four areas of preparedness:
  • Ensure rapid detection of unusual outbreaks
  • Investigate and control health threats from such events
  • Diagnose the illness and identify etiologic agents most likely to be used in bioterrorist events
  • Develop and coordinate communications systems with other government agencies and the general public

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Emergency Preparedness and Response Branch

  • Conducting preliminary assessments by telephone or on site
  • Developing a strategy to respond to the public health aspects of the emergency
  • Collaborating with local health agencies to set up programs to manage recovery

EMS unit set up in Jersey City on September 11

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Emergency Preparedness and Response Branch (continued)

  • Coordinating the CDC’s activities with local, state, and other federal agencies responding to the emergency
  • Continually monitoring response and recovery efforts to ensure resources and personnel are used effectively
  • Determining when protection, treatment, and prevention objectives are achieved

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Disaster Epidemiology and Assessment

  • Goals:
  • To provide service to communities and organizations for preparedness, response, and recovery
  • To conduct applied research
  • To disseminate the knowledge base of disaster epidemiology

CDC Assessment Team

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State Health Agencies

  • Ultimate responsibility for the state’s public health programs, including enforcement of public health laws
  • Normally the lead state agency in planning and managing the state’s health and medical response to major or catastrophic disasters
  • Day-to-day activities delegated to local public health agencies

Smallpox vaccination

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Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002

  • Goals of National Preparedness Goal (NPG):
  • Easy-to-conceal weaponized biological agents
  • Length of time to detect biological agent release
  • Trace back time consuming and difficult
  • Health care personnel likely to be first responders
  • May not at first detect any unusual symptoms

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Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 (continued)

  • Goals of NPG:
  • Longer unrecognized and undiagnosed, the longer the delay in treatment
  • Spread of secondary transmission
  • Mass casualties in sufficient numbers may overwhelm victim care resources
  • Delays in identifying food source in food-borne attack

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Health Emergency Assistance Line and Triage Hub (HEALTH) Model

  • Step-by-step guidance and toolkit:
  • Contact Surge Calculator
  • Staffing-Resource Calculator
  • Capital Expense Calculator
  • Technology Expense Calculator
  • Surge Options Matrix

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Public Health Information Network

  • Improves public health outcomes in the following areas:
  • Improves public health information system
  • Supports terrorism defense, healthcare delivery improvement, and information technology enhancements
  • Ensures that public health agencies have the adequate infrastructure to effectively provide essential public health services

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Public Health Information Network (continued)

  • Engages public health partners in the development and implementation of a roadmap for building public health systems capacity nationally
  • Ensures the information technology that supports public health preparedness and response

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PHIN Initiatives

  • PHIN Preparedness
  • BioSense
  • Environmental Public Health Tracking Network
  • Health Alert Network
  • National Electronic Disease Surveillance System
  • National Healthcare Safety Network

Public Health Information Network

www.cdc.gov

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PulseNet

  • Detect food-borne disease case clusters by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
  • Allow for real time communication among state and local health departments and international partners
  • Facilitate early identification of common source outbreaks
  • Help food regulatory agencies identify areas where implementation of new measures are likely to increase the safety of our food supply

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Epidemic Information Exchange

  • CDC’s secure, web-based communications network that serves as the communications exchange between the CDC, state and local health departments, poison control centers, and other healthcare professionals
  • Provides rapid reporting, immediate notification, editorial support, and coordination of health investigations for public health professionals

The Epidemic Information Exchange

www.cdc.gov

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Altered Standards of Care During an MCI

  • Applying principles of triage to determine who gets what kind of care
  • Changing infection control standards to permit group isolation rather than single isolation units
  • Limiting the use of ventilators to surgical situations
  • Creating alternate care sites from facilities never designed to provide medical care
  • Changing who provides various kinds of care
  • Changing privacy and confidentiality protections temporarily

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Principles in Developing Guidelines

  • Aim is to keep the health care system functioning and to save as many lives as possible
  • Plan should be comprehensive, community-based, and coordinated at the regional level
  • Adequate legal framework for providing health and medical care in an MCI
  • The rights of individuals must be protected to the extent possible and reasonable under the circumstances
  • Clear communication with the public is essential before, during, and after an MCI

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Nontraditional Roles of Emergency Medical Responders

Terrorism Response Drill

www.savannahnow.com

  • What may the emergency medical responder be called on to do during a CBRNE incident?
  • How can EMS, public health agencies, and hospitals work together?

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