Urgent - Need Help with a Risk Management Plan from the PMBOK Due- 10/16/19

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Sheet1

Risks Student’s name Course Date
RISK CATEGORY	RISK ID	EXPLANATION	date	RESPONSE PLANNING
ENVIRONMENTAL	water pollution	Drilling projects operate around the clock, disrupting wildlife, and water sources. The drilling method of “fracking” is known for contaminating drinking water sources with chemicals that lead to cancer, birth defects and liver damage. The controversial method injects a mixture of water and chemicals into rock formations to release oil and gas. As a result, it generates huge volumes of wastewater with dangerous chemicals that can leak to ponds, lagoons and underground aquifers. Water pollutions can also happen when water bodies get contaminated with harmful chemicals especially from chemical fertilizers. Water pollution is very rampant in USA today and almost 1.2 trillion of gallons gets contaminated annually. This has led to emergence of diseases since human beings and animals are taking unsafe water. Moreover, water pollution in water bodies like rivers has led to death of living organisms especially fish. Some of water pollution indicators are visible and one of them is the change of water colour and bad smell experienced in rivers. A good example of water pollution, is pollution taking place in Mississippi river. The river has massive toxic cell pool and light crude oil spillage.	10/4/19	Water pollution in rivers should be mitigated through avoiding cultivating along water banks and controlling soil erosion. Additionally, people should avoid used of chemical products like fertilizers since rainfall carries out these chemicals to water bodies.
	land pollution	Clearing of vegetation leading to environmental degradation. Oil and gas drilling has serious consequences for our wildlands and communities Infrastructure built for oil and gas extraction can leave behind radical impacts on the land. The construction of roads, facilities and drilling sites known as well pads requires the use of heavy equipment and can destroy big chunks of pristine wilderness. The damage is often irreversible. Land pollution also takes place when human beings activities exposes non-biodegradable substances on the land and a good example is plastic matters. Land pollution has devastating impacts to human being and other animals. Land pollution for instance, make it impossible for human beings to practice agriculture. Most of land pollution have also weaken the soil structure hence leading to landslide and soil erosions. Furthermore, land pollution interferes with aesthetic value of the place. It leads to soil contamination and the food crops become unsafe for human consumption. Some of the indicators that the land is in position of land pollution are presence of unwanted substances on it. A good example, is oil spillage on land, presence of massive non-biodegradable substances and human activities which physically destroy the land. Most of land pollution in United States are caused by household garbage and waste from industries.	2014	Land pollution can addressed through a number of ways but the most important thing is for the entire community to work together. The main cause of this pollution as mentioned before is household waste and waste from industries. When these waste are controlled and everyone need to come on board. Human beings need to be educated as well as on the importance of land free from pollution. Additionally, health awareness is significant because the human beings will be able to understand the cause of the health complications they go through. Most of the land pollution taking place today have accelerated due to ignorance and selfish of people in the society. Some people expose the waste to the land where human beings live and know its negative effects but since they want to make money, they do not care. Such a scenario need very strict policies from the government which will require the owners of the company to come up with means of controlling their waste and not exposing it to the environment. Human beings need to also start using biodegradable substances and avoid use of plastic materials.
	air pollution	air pollution could be the biggest form of pollution taking place in the envrionment. Air pollution takes place when composition of air has elements that should not be there. The air human and animals breath has contain harmful substances. Human activities leads to exposre of harmful gases into the environment. the common form of air pollution occurs when industries emit greenhouse gases into the air. these harmful gases include carbon (IV) Oxide, sulphur doixide, chroline, florine, nitrogen iv oxide and carbon monoxide. these gases are harmful in number of ways. they cause health commplications such as cardiovascular diseases, and increase in asthma. it also lead to global warming. global warming has devastating impact to the to the sorroundings, human beings and animals since the ozone layer is already destroyed and earth is exposed to direct sun rays. air pollution has leads to death of two million every year. air pollution risk are evident in the environment. the burning of subtances leads to emission of these gases. the industries are also emitting dark smokes to the air throughout. lichens also provide very reliable facts that the sorroudings contain gases that causes air pollution.		Air pollution can also be conterracted through several ways and one main approach is regulating the indutries and implementing laws that prevents them from emiting these these harmful gases. Human beings should also avoid burning substances in the environment. car are emit lot of these gases and it is time to shift to electric vehicles.
	marine pollution	Oil spills leading to pollution of water in cases of offshore rigs offshore rig oil spills are known killers of marine life. Just think back to the explosion of BP’s Deepwater Horizon rig in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 (Do Sul & Costa, 2013). The resulting spill covered 68,000 square miles of sea surface and killed majority of the small marine animals around the area. It also affects the beauty of the coastlines reducing recreational activities and tourists’ site. The pollution in seas and oceans has not led to loss of marine life but also hindrance of marine activities like fishing. Some of the causes of marine pollution include oil spillage from vessels, presence of plastic materials in the ocean and sewage from the cities. It leads to death of millions of living organisms living in oceans and seas.	2010-2014	Marine pollution can be responded by taking some basic activities such as control of oil spillage, avoid directing sewage matter into water bodies, eradicate plastic materials in the environment since they end up in water bodies and control of soil erosion. Human activities are the main cause of marine pollution and therefore when these activities are called off, it is a great milestone to save marine life from damage.
HUMAN RISK
	risk of fire	Fire is also another form of risks human beings and animal are mostly likely to face. Risk of fire come when the human beings activity involves interaction with highly flammable gases and products. A good example is working in petroleum plants. Fire risk is present in workplaces and at homes. Today most homesteads uses gas for cooking. Mishandling of these gases results to fire. Transportation of petroleum products through trucks has also exposed human beings to fire risks since many of them have led to led inferno accidents. The emergence of fire has not led to destruction of property but also loss of life. Many people are left dead when fire breaks out. Additionally, fire outbreak has destroyed the environment (McKeown, 2015). Some of the obvious fire risks including working without safety measures. Most of the fire are caused by mishandling of items and products. Fire disasters are very common USA and California camp fire is the recent one in 2018.	2018	Mitigation of fire risks need people to be ready to extinguish the fire whenever it breakout. A good example is use of fire extinguishers. Therefore, people should have and know how to use fire extinguishers. Provision of warning is also very necessary. People should avoid smoking when they are near high flammable products especially in petrol stations.
	death risks	Death risks are also very common in the environment. Human beings are exposed to death due their activities. Poor construction of buildings for instance exposes human beings to death risks. Accidents are also occur every day and therefore use of vehicles, train and aeroplane as means of transport exposes human beings to deaths. Human animal conflict has led to lose of many lives today. Death risks can occur due to a lot of factors and some can be prevented.		Death risks can be mitigated as well. Human beings need lot of awareness about they do and they use. Use of machines for instance can expose one to death and hence there is need to know how to use them and respond whenever a problem rises. Overspeeding of vehicles for instance has led to accidents which have killed many people. People should use the recommended speed limits and ensure their vehicles are good in condition. Avoid operating locomotives when you are drunk since one is not only risking his or her life but also lives of other people.
	disease risks	Disease risks are also very rampant today. All the basic products to human beings are contaminated. For instance, food products are contaminated and they contain substances that are harmful to human beings hence, exposing them to diseases. Human beings are also exposed to non-communicable diseases due to the poor lifestyle. Cancer and high blood pressure for instance are some of the lifestyle diseases and very rampant today (Kontis et al. 2014). Millions of people are losing lives due to these diseases. communcable diseases are also very rampant especially malaria which is killing millions of people annually. the presence of female anopheles mosquito exposes human beings to malaria.	2019	exposure to diseases can be prevented in a number of ways. Human beings need to consume healthy products. additionally, it is important to observe the health status and avoid consuming products that risk one health. For instance, consumptiion of sugarly products and failure to participate in physical activity expsoses one to obesity which is known to cause lot of diseases.
NATURAL RISKS
	flood risks	Flood risks are also present today and they risk the lives of many in the society. Floods can results due to high rainfall or even outbreaks of water bodies especially rivers, oceans and seas. These flood risks are quite dangerous since they sweep away almost everything in the environment and many lives have taken away when natural flooding. flooding is very common in usa especially around mississipi river, gulf coast and florida (Leaning & Guha-Sapir, 2013. hundred of lives and detruction of property worth millions are experienced when natural floods happens in United state. In 2018,116 people lost their lives due to flooding. flooding takes place every year in USA and therefore, likelihood of taking place in future is very high.	2018	Although it is difficult to prevent natural disasters, it is necessary to prevent loss of life. Therefore, human beings living along these region need to relocate when there is high rainfall. Moreover, minimise movement in order to prevent exposure to the floods. driving of vehicles in flooded areas should be condoned.
	drought risks	Drought is another form of natural risk. Drought happens when there is lack of enough rainfall for a longer period. Drought risks exposes both human beings and animal to scarcity of scarcity of water, food and exposure to harsh weather. Lack of food and water leads to several effects and the major one is death especially in animals. Human beings suffer a lot during drought period some many of them have lost their lives due to lack of food. The natural drought is also influenced by human activities especially mass destruction of environment particularly deforestation. California for instance, experiences severe drought.	2019	Mitigation of natural drought requires exclusive plan. One of them is prevention of destruction of environment. Human beings need also to carry out of afforestation and re-afforestation. People habiting forest areas need to relocate far from forest.
	earthquakes risks	Earthquakes are also type of natural risk which happens regularly. Some areas are prone to earthquakes than others. Earthquakes risk is probably building damage and lot of people are expected to lose lives and get hurt. It is difficult to predict occurrence of earthquakes but the most affected region is India. The region has experienced most dangerous earthquakes and thousands of people end up dead. Moreover, earthquakes destroy lot of property.	2016	Earthquakes risk can be prevented by building strong building which will not be affected by presence of earthquakes. It is good live in a place where earthquakes are minimal or have no great magnitude.
	wildfires	Wildfire risk are also very rampant today and they affect the wildlife and forest region. They are common during dry seasons. They lead to loss of forest coverage, and death of wild animals. Destruction of environment has negative side effects and one of them is prolonged drought and famine. It also affect economy in great way. No country is free from wildfire risk and the recent one was experienced in Amazon forest in Brazil. It led to destruction of millions of species in the forest.	2018	wildfire can be prevented by controlling human activities with environment. Charcoal burning for instance has led to wildfire in forests.
		References Do Sul, J. A. I., & Costa, M. F. (2013). Plastic pollution risks in an estuarine conservation unit. Journal of Coastal Research, 65(sp1), 48-54. Kontis, V., Mathers, C. D., Rehm, J., Stevens, G. A., Shield, K. D., Bonita, R., ... & Ezzati, M. (2014). Contribution of six risk factors to achieving the 25× 25 non-communicable disease mortality reduction target: a modelling study. The Lancet, 384(9941), 427-437. McKeown, A. E. (Ed.). (2015). Impact of water pollution on human health and environmental sustainability. IGI Global. Leaning, J., & Guha-Sapir, D. (2013). Natural disasters, armed conflict, and public health. New England journal of medicine, 369(19), 1836-1842.