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M is

s o u

r i’

s Juvenile Offender Risk & Needs

Assessment and Classification System

January 2005

User Manual

Office of State Courts Administrator

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION

A New System...............................................................................................................1-1 Background and Development......................................................................................1-1 Missouri Risk Assessment ............................................................................................1-2 Missouri Risk Classification Matrix..............................................................................1-3 Missouri Needs Assessment..........................................................................................1-3

Chapter 2: RISK ASSESSMENT

General Guidelines for Risk Assessment........................................................................2-1 Instructions for Completing Risk Assessment Form.....................................................2-2 The Missouri Juvenile Risk Assessment .......................................................................2-3 Definitions for Risk Factors ..........................................................................................2-4 Assault Codes for Risk Assessment..............................................................................2-8

Chapter 3: NEEDS ASSESSMENT

General Guidelines for Needs Assessment......................................................................3-1 Instructions for Completing Needs Assessment Form..................................................3-2 The Missouri Juvenile Needs Assessment ....................................................................3-3 Definitions for Needs Factors .......................................................................................3-4 DSM-IV Classifications for Needs Assessment............................................................3-13

Chapter 4: CLASSIFICATION MATRIX

Instructions for Using Risk Classification Matrix.........................................................4-1 Missouri Classification Matrix......................................................................................4-2 Sanction Definitions ......................................................................................................4-3 Service Definitions ........................................................................................................4-5 Disposition Codes .........................................................................................................4-6

Chapter 5: FORMAT FOR RISK AND NEEDS SCALES STRUCTURED INTERVIEW

Guidelines for Structured Interview..............................................................................5-1 Risk and Needs Structured Interview............................................................................5-2 Information Sheet..........................................................................................................5-17

Chapter 6: SOCIAL SUMMARY EXAMPLES ...........................................................6-1

A NEW SYSTEM

The Missouri Juvenile Offender Risk & Needs

Assessment scales are part of a comprehensive

classification strategy for managing youthful

offenders referred to juvenile and family courts

across the state. This strategy was developed by the

Office of State Courts Administrator (OSCA)

pursuant to Subdivision 4 & 5 of Section 211.326.1,

211.141.4, and 211.141.5 RSMo. Supp. 1995. The

full strategy provides a standardized method of

assessing juvenile offenders according to their level

of risk for future delinquency, a classification

matrix for linking these offenders to a set of

graduated sanctions designed to reduce risk

potential, and a method of assessing the

psychosocial needs of juvenile offenders.

Typically, juvenile justice practitioners are required

to make decisions about the likelihood that a youth

will engage in future criminal behavior in order to

determine an appropriate means for handling a case.

They also routinely conduct informal evaluations of

clients’ needs that may be linked to delinquency

and related problems. Lacking formal objective

tools for these tasks, most practitioners rely on

professional judgment that is based on their

experiences, knowledge, and philosophies

regarding delinquent behavior. While professional

judgement should play a role in case-management,

when it is the sole means for such decisions, it can

result in wide disparity in the disposition of cases,

and how resources are allocated.

BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT

In 1996, The Office of State Courts Administrator

applied for and received a Missouri Challenge

Grant to fund development of a classification

strategy that includes standardized risk and needs

assessment scales. Upon award of the grant, an

extensive literature review on the topic of risk

assessment was undertaken in order to identify

whether an existing or copyrighted classification

system could meet the needs of Missouri Juvenile

and Family Courts. This review was carried out

with the aid of several comprehensive databases

that provided access to articles from scholarly

journals, other periodicals, and conference papers

that address issues in criminal justice and related

disciplines.

A well-designed classification strategy explicates the

decision-making process, promotes case-management

practices, and balances public safety concerns with the

need to use resources efficiently. Objective classification

systems are superior to informal, discretionary

assessments in that they can:

1) Promote consistent decisions regarding level of

supervision, treatment planning, and program

placement;

2) Reduce threat to public safety by ensuring that

those offenders who present an unacceptable

risk to society are confined in secure setting

and/or placed under intensive supervision; and

by reducing the likelihood of future criminal

acts committed by all types of youthful

offenders through preventive programming;

3) Reduce inequities in case-handling by insuring

that individuals with similar histories and

patterns of behavior are not treated differently;

4) Minimize resource waste and inefficiency;

5) Assist in distributing workload across staff; and

6) Serve as a basis for determining types and

amounts of court and community services

needed in a given area.

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Three major findings emerged from the literature

review.

§ First, empirical research based on established

psychosocial theories regarding development

and delinquent behavior has repeatedly

identified a “core” set of variables that are

linked to delinquency. These variables include

social and environmental influences, individual

characteristics, and emerging patterns of

behavior. More broadly speaking, these

variables are of two general types: (a) risk

factors—those variables that increase the

likelihood of future delinquency, and (b)

protective factors —those variables that

decrease the likelihood of future delinquency.

§ Second, there are several well-designed

assessment tools that make use of these core

variables. Many of these have been validated

with juvenile offenders. A valid instrument is

one that does what it purports to do. A juvenile

risk assessment scale would be considered

valid if it could accurately distinguish between

youth according to the probability that they

will engage in delinquent behavior.

§ The third important finding was that there are

differences in the exact configurations of

variables, the strength of the relationship

between these variables and delinquency, and

how cut-off scores are established and used to

classify offenders into different risk levels.

These are a function of differences in

populations from region to region, as well as

variations in laws and agency policies that

affect juvenile offenders. This finding

underscores the importance of validating any

instrument using the population for which it is

intended.

MISSOURI RISK ASSESSMENT SCALE

The development of the MO Risk Assessment Scale

was guided by the Risk Assessment Committee,

comprised primarily of representatives from

Missouri Juvenile and Family Courts , Missouri

Department of Youth Services, and Missouri

Juvenile Justice Association. The primary objective

of the committee was to create an instrument that

permits the accurate classification of youths

referred to Missouri juvenile courts according to the

probability that they will re-offend. The final

product:

1) Reflects current research findings so that

the most predictive variables are included, and

those variables that have a weak or

inconclusive relationship with recidivism are

not included

2) Reflects the experience of juvenile

practitioners who work with Missouri’s youth

3) Is intended to be straightforward and

simple to use

4) Includes definitions that set forth

standardized criteria for each variable, to

promote consistency in scoring, and increase

the reliability and validity of the scale.

The scale was built using the “core” risk factors.

The format was modeled after several instruments

used by the Missouri Juvenile and Family Courts

and others that were developed by the National

Council on Crime and Delinquency for use with

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juvenile offenders throughout the United States.

The Risk Assessment Committee offered

recommendations regarding the configuration,

relative weight, and definitions for each of the risk

factors.

MISSOURI RISK CLASSIFICATION

MATRIX

To coincide with the Risk Assessment Scale, the

Risk Assessment Committee designed a risk

classification matrix. This classification matrix

assists juvenile justice professionals in linking

juvenile offenders with different risk potentials and

offense types to a set of appropriately graduated

sanctions. Using sanctions outside those

recommended within the matrix is permitted when

unusual case circumstances are evident, however,

the use of these discretionary alternatives requires

an explanation.

MISSOURI NEEDS ASSESSMENT SCALE

The final component of a comprehensive

classification strategy is a needs assessment. A

needs assessment serves a different function than a

risk assessment. Whereas a risk assessment permits

classification of youths in terms of the probability

of recidivating, a needs assessment is intended to:

1) Offer an overview of the level of

seriousness of juvenile psychosocial needs

2) Assist in developing a treatment plan to

address these needs

3) Provide a basis for establishing workload

priorities

4) Aid agency administrators in evaluating

resource availability and planning for service

delivery based on aggregate data generated

from the assessments.

The format for the MO Needs Assessment Scale

and the types of variables included were adopted

from instruments used by Missouri Juvenile and

Family Courts and others that were developed by

the National Council on Crime and Delinquency.

The Risk Assessment Committee tailored the scale

to the needs of Missouri juvenile offenders.

The following section contains guidelines and

instructions for completing the risk and needs

assessment forms, and for placing the juvenile

within the parameters of the classification matrix. It

is imperative that the risk and needs scales be

completed in accordance with the instructions

provided. Improper use of the scales can result in

inappropriate and inconsistent case-management

decisions. Please read and follow all instructions

carefully.

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GUIDELINES:

n An initial risk assessment must be completed on:

1) All juveniles for whom a status or law

referral meets the definition of legal

sufficiency (allowing administrative action to

proceed,) and the juvenile and parent or

primary caretaker have attended an informal

adjustment conference; and

2) All juveniles proceeding to adjudication.

n When multiple referrals result from a number of

offenses committed within a relatively brief period

of time (days), or are related to the same set of

circumstances, the most serious offense should

assume priority as the major allegation and only

one risk assessment needs to be completed. The

remaining allegations should be associated to the

major allegation.

n Additional risk assessments must be completed

when a:

1) Juvenile under supervision receives a new

status or law referral that increases /her level

of risk and an additional disposition or

sanction will be applied.

2) Juvenile’s file is closed, then reopened owing

to a new status or law referral.

§ Risk Assessment should not be used to determine

whether a case should proceed informal/formal,

nor should it be used to determine whether

certification is appropriate.

n Additional risk assessments should not be completed

for technical violations of supervision if the violation

does not result from a new referral for a status or law

offense. Typically, technical violations are related to

non-compliance with treatment recommendations, or a

failure to complete treatment programs. Since technical

violations alone do not alter the juvenile’s risk score, a

new risk assessment is not necessary. Referrals for

technical violations should be associated to the referral

for which the juvenile received supervision.

n To insure accurate and consistent scoring of the risk

items, it is critical for users to refer to the Risk Item

Definitions on pages 2-4 through 2-7 of Chapter 2 in

this manual, or in the software Help Text. Users also

can insure that they are scoring the risk items accurately

by using the Risk and Needs Scales Structured interview

provided in Chapter 5 of this manual.

Chapter 2 Guidelines for Completing a Risk Assessment

The Missouri Juvenile Risk Assessment Scale is designed to assess the relative likelihood that a

juvenile referred to the Court for a status or law offense will return on a new offense referral. The risk

assessment scale is to be administered by a Juvenile Officer, Deputy Juvenile Officer, or Juvenile

Court personnel trained in the use of the instrument.

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Instructions for Completing Risk Assessment Form

Instructions for completing Risk Form: The individual responsible for completing a risk

assessment should:

1) Fill in all the information requested at the top of the form completely and accurately.

2) Score the juvenile on each risk factor, using the definitions on pages 2-4 through 2-7 of this manual. Use of the structured interview provided for you in Chapter 5 will further assist in answering the required risk factors more accurately.

3) Add the scores on each factor and record the total in the Risk Score Box and refer to the Risk Level to determine the risk level for a given juvenile offender.

4) Check the appropriate Action Taken, either Informal Adjustment or Formal Process/Adjudication.

5) Refer to the Risk Classification Matrix instructions and definition on pages 4-2 through 4-5 of this manual for directions on locating the recommended sanction that corresponds to risk score and level of offense severity. Check all sanctions applied in the appropriate area on the risk form.

6) If a sanction applied does not appear among the matrix options, check the space “other” and provide a reason for not applying a recommended sanction.

7) Check all services offered in the appropriate area.

If information reported by the juvenile or parent or

caretaker conflicts with the official record, rely on

the official record.

When the risk definitions do not describe a

juvenile’s exact circumstances, the definition that

most closely matches the circumstances should be

chosen.

If you make copies of the Risk and Needs

Assessments for use during an interview, you may

want to duplex the risk and the needs assessment

forms.

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2-3

JUVENILE NAME ____________________________________ JUVENILE ID _____________________________ JUVENILE DATE OF BIRTH _____/_____/_____ SEX: _____ M _____ F SS# _______ - _______ -________ JUVENILE ACTIVE CASE ID __________________________________ PRESENT OFFENSE CODE (List multiple offenses) ________________ _______________ ______________ DATE REFERRAL RECEIVED _____/______/_____ DATE FORM COMPLETED ______/______/______ COUNTY __________________ CIRCUIT __________ JUVENILE OFFICER ______________________________

THE MISSOURI JUVENILE RISK ASSESSMENT

2017

Age at 1st Referral 16…………………………………….-2 15 ......................................................... 0 14 ......................................................... 0 13 ......................................................... 0 12 and under…………………………..1 Prior Referrals None ..................................................... 0 One or more ......................................... 2 (Actual number of referrals______) Assault Referrals No prior or present referrals for assault ............................................. 0 One or more prior or present referral for misdemeanor assault .......... 1 One or more prior or present referrals for felony assault .................................. 2 (Actual number of referrals______) History of Placement No prior out-of-home placement.......... 0 Prior out-of-home placement ............... 1 Peer Relationships Neutral influence .................................. 0 Negative influence ............................... 1 Strong negative influence .................... 2 History of Child Abuse No history of child abuse/neglect ......... 0 History of child abuse/neglect.............. 1 (Petition filed/DFS finding of probable cause) Substance Abuse No alcohol or drug abuse problem ....... 0 Moderate alcohol and/or drug abuse problem ...................................... 1 Severe alcohol and/or drug abuse/dependence ................................ 2 School Attendance/Disciplinary No or only minor problems…………..-1 Moderate problems .............................. 0 Severe problems ................................... 1

If you did not use a sanction recommended by the matrix, check one of the following reasons why: _____ Nature of the offense _____ Severity of problems associated with one or more risk factors _____ Mitigating or aggravating circumstances _____ Judicial decision

Parental Management Style Effective management style .................. 0 Moderately ineffective management style ...................................................... 1 Severely ineffective management style ...................................................... 2 Parental History of Incarceration No prior incarceration ........................... 0 Prior incarceration ................................ 1

RISK SCORE: RISK LEVEL: 8 & above = High Risk 1 – 7 = Moderate Risk -3 – 0 = Low Risk Motion to dismiss for certification sustained: Check action taken (one): ______ Informal Adjustment ______ Formal Process/Adjudication Check all sanctions you used. A Disposition or Sanction needs to be applied within JIS _____ None _____ Warned/Counseled _____ Restitution _____ Community Service _____ Court Fees & Assessment _____ Supervision _____ Day Treatment _____ Intensive Supervision _____ Court Residential Placement _____ Commitment to DYS _____ Other: _____________________

Risk Item #1 Age at First Referral:

Risk Item #2 Prior Referrals: DO NOT record referrals for abuse and neglect in this section. DO NOT include current referral.

A prior referral is defined as a status, municipal, or law violation, sufficient or insufficient, for which the subject was referred to juvenile authorities. Technical violations of supervision are NOT considered referrals for the purpose of scoring this variable.

Risk Item #3 Assault Referrals: Refer to the pages 2-8 and 2-9 for a complete listing of offenses that are defined as assault for the purpose of scoring this variable.

Risk Item #4 History of Placement:

16 years — Subject was 16 years old at the time of first referral. 15 years — Subject was 15 years old at the time of first referral. 14 years — Subject was 14 years old at the time of first referral. 13 years — Subject was 13 years old at the time of first referral. 12 years — Subject was 12 years old or less at the time of first referral.

None = Subject has no prior status, municipal, or law referral(s).

One or more prior referrals = Subject has had one or more, status, municipal, or law referral(s), that may or may not have been adjudicated. No prior or present referral for assault = Subject has no prior referral for assault, nor is the present referral for assault.

Misdemeanor assault = Subject has at least one referral for misdemeanor assault. (INCLUDE PRESENT OFFENSE)

Felony assault = Subject has at least one referral for felony assault. (INCLUDE PRESENT OFFENSE)

No prior out-of-home placement = Subject has had no out-of-home placements. Out-of-home placement includes court detention, foster care, hospitalization for mental illness or substance abuse treatment, voluntary placement in respite care, and commitment to the Division of Youth Services or other government-operated or private residential facilities. Out-of-home placement also includes enrollment in boarding/military schools, or placement with a relative other than a parent or primary caretaker exceeding three months for intractable behavior.

Prior out-of-home placement = Subject has had one or more out-of-home placements as defined above.

Definitions for Risk Factors

2-4

Risk Item #5 Peer Relationships: Choose the following description that best characterizes subject’s primary peer group. All components of the description need not be present, however. Consider behavior in the past 12 months as of primary importance when scoring this item.

Risk Item #6 History of Child Abuse: *If educational neglect was modified to a truancy referral, do not consider as evidence of history of abuse/neglect.

Neutral influence = No member of the subject’s primary peer group has been referred to the Court, or, if the current referral involves peers, these youths have no history of prior referrals. Persons with whom subject socializes, and dating partners, are age-appropriate and engage in constructive organized social activities, or informal activities that reflect healthy, pro-social interests. Parents generally approve of subjects’ peer group.

Negative influence = Peers negatively influence subject’s behavior, contributing to subject staying out late at night, intermittent alcohol and/or drug abuse, disobedience etc., but there is no evidence of gang related activities. Some members of primary peer group have been referred to the Court. Current referral may involve peers who have had previous court contact. Persons with whom subject socializes, and dating partners, may not be age-appropriate, either several years younger or older. Parents express disapproval of peers. Or, the subject is a loner and has not formed and maintained relationships with peers. Strong negative influence = Primary peer group is heavily delinquent and members have had frequent court contacts. Gang related activities (street socialization, carrying weapons, serious pattern of substance abuse, and/or drug distribution/trafficking, family members in gang, violence related to defense of neighborhood “turf”) among peer group members are probable.

No history of child abuse/neglect = There is no official record at the Division of Family Services with a finding of Probable Cause indicating the subject has been physically or sexually abused or neglected by a parent or caretaker, and there have been no petitions filed in the juvenile or family court for physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect or educational neglect* in which subject was the victim.

History of child abuse/ neglect = There is an official record at the Division of Family Services with a finding of Probable Cause indicating that subject has been physically or sexually abused or neglected by a parent or caretaker. Or, there have been petitions filed in the juvenile or family court for physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect or educational neglect* in which subject was the victim. A petition that is filed but dismissed without prejudice is sufficient to represent a history of abuse or neglect.

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Risk Item #7 Substance Abuse: Choose the following description that best characterizes the subject’s overall pattern of substance use. All components of the description need not be present, however. Consider behavior in the past 12 months as of primary importance when scoring this item.

Risk Item #8 School Attendance/Disciplinary: When school is out of session, consider disciplinary and academic record for previous school year.

Severe alcohol and/or drug abuse or dependence = Subject has developed a pattern of regular abuse that is affecting social, familial, and/or school functioning. There is a history of reliable physical evidence indicating substance abuse or dependence is a problem. Subject has been diagnosed as chemically dependent and is currently in need of substance abuse treatment. There is a high level of conflict with parents regarding abuse behavior. There have been more than one referral to the Court for substance abuse, possession, or distribution. Subject has been disciplined by school authorities for substance abuse, possession, or distribution on more than one occasion.

Moderate problems = Subject is currently enrolled in school and attending, but there has been at least one out-of-school suspension, previous expulsion, referral for truancy, or school records indicating multiple unexcused absences. OR, subject is not enrolled in school, but is 16 and is enrolled in G.E.D. classes, vocational training, or other educational program. However, evidence suggests that satisfactory progress is NOT being made.

Severe problems = Subject is currently on out-of-school suspension, expelled or has dropped out; and if 16 years old, is not working and has not earned a G.E.D. or enrolled in a G.E.D., vocational training, or other educational program.

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Risk Item #9 Parental Management Style: Choose the following description that best characterizes subject’s family. All components of the description need not be present, however. Consider behavior in the past 12 months as of primary importance when scoring this item.

Risk Item #10 Parental History of Incarceration:

Effective management style = Family unit offers structure, support, and supervision. Rules and boundaries governing socially acceptable conduct and expectations for behavior (e.g., school attendance, household responsibilities, curfews, homework, etc.) are in place and are clearly identified. Disciplinary practices are flexible, utilizing both reward and punishment systems, and these contingencies are administered firmly, fairly, and consistently. Parents or primary caretaker successfully monitor subject’s activities.

Moderately ineffective management style = Family unit offers minimal structure, support, and supervision. Rules and boundaries governing socially acceptable conduct and expectations for behavior (school attendance, household responsibilities, curfews, homework, etc) are either lacking or unclear. Disciplinary practices are inflexible, being either overly punitive or overly permissive. Parental monitoring may be affected by parental substance abuse, or through unsatisfactory child-care arrangements.

Severely ineffective management style = Family unit offers no structure, support, or supervision. Disciplinary practices are totally absent and subject is not held accountable for negative behavior. Parental monitoring is clearly affected by parental substance abuse, unsatisfactory child-care arrangements, or lack of parental commitment.

No prior incarceration = No parent or adult functioning as primary caretaker has been sentenced to a period of incarceration in a county jail, state, or federal prison.

Prior incarceration = At least one parent or other adult functioning as a primary caretaker has been sentenced to a period of incarceration in a county jail, state, or federal prison.

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ASSAULT OFFENSE CHARGE CODES

Offenses defined as “assaults” due to “reckless or knowing infliction of, or intent to inflict or threaten serious physical injury or death”.

Charge Code Statute Type Class Description

HOMICIDE*

10021 565.020 Fel A Murder 1st

10031 565.021 Fel A Murder 2nd

10041 565.023 Fel B Voluntary Manslaughter 10051 565.024 Fel C Involuntary Manslaughter

SEXUAL ASSAULT

11010 566.030 Fel A Forcible Rape w/ weapon or injury 11015 566.030 Fel A Forcible Rape 11021 566.032 Fel A Statutory Rape 11040 566.040 Fel C Sexual Assault 11071 566.060 Fel A Forcible Sodomy w/ weapon or injury 11075 566.060 Fel A Forcible Sodomy 11076 566.062 Fel A Statutory Sodomy 1st

11100 566.070 Fel C Deviant Sexual Assault

ROBBERY

12010 569.020 Fel A Robbery 1st

12020 569.030 Fel B Robbery 2nd

12035 569.025 Fel A Pharmacy Robbery 1st

12045 569.035 Fel B Pharmacy Robbery 2nd

12050 578.305 Fel B Bus hijacking

ASSAULT*

13011 565.050 Fel A Assault 1st w/ injury 13020 565.050 Fel B Assault 1st

13031 565.060 Fel C Assault 2nd

13040 565.070 Misd. A Assault 3rd w/ injury 13050 565.070 Misd. C Assault 3rd

13055 565.075 Fel D Assault on school property 13060 578.305 Fel A Assault w/ weapon on bus 13071 217.385 Fel B Violence to DOC employee or inmate 13100 565.081 Fel B Assault on law officer 1st

13110 565.082 Fel B Assault on law officer 2nd

13120 565.083 Misd A Assault on law officer 3rd

* excludes vehicular cases

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SEX OFFENSES

22011 566.090 Fel D Sexual misconduct 1st w/ weap.or injury 22021 566.100 Fel B Sexual abuse w/ weapon or injury 22100 566.067 Fel B Child Molestation w/ weap. or injury 1st 22110 566.068 Fel D Child Molestation w/ weap. or injury 2nd

ARSON

17012 569.040 Fel A Arson 1st w/ injury or death

KIDNAPPING

16020 565.110 Fel B Kidnapping w/ infliction of injury

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GUIDELINES:

n A needs assessment must be completed on:

1) All juveniles for whom a status or law

referral meets the definition of legal sufficiency

(allowing administrative action to proceed,) and

the juvenile and parent or primary caretaker h ave

attended an informal adjustment conference; and

2) All juveniles proceeding to adjudication.

Chapter 3 Guidelines for Completing a Needs Assessment

The Missouri Juvenile Needs Assessment Scale is designed to assess the psychosocial needs of

juvenile offenders. The Needs Assessment Scale is to be administered by a Juvenile Officer, Deputy

Juvenile Officer, or Juvenile Court personnel trained in the use of the instrument.

n Additional needs assessments should be

completed whenever an officer believes a

juvenile’s needs have changed in a significant way

(positively or negatively), so that treatment

modifications may be considered. Routinely, needs

assessments completed every 90 days are helpful

indicators of progress toward treatment goals.

Needs factors can assume negative values. These

values identify positive adjustment in areas that

may protect against future delinquency.

n To insure accurate and consistent scoring of the

needs items, it is critical for users to refer to the

Needs Item Definitions on pages 3-4 through 3-12

of Chapter 3 in this manual, or in the software

Help Text. Users also can insure they are scoring

the needs items accurately by using the Risk and

Needs Scales Structured Interview provided in

Chapter 5 of this manual

3-1

Instructions for Completing Needs Assessment

§ The total score generated from a Needs

Assessment only provides a global index of need.

Most importantly, users should use the scores on

individual needs FACTORS to identify treatment

needs. For example, if a youth scores 3 = Failing

on the Academic Performance needs variable,

Tutoring may be a viable treatment option to

address this needs area.

§ Whenever the Needs definitions do not describe

the juvenile’s exact circumstances, the definition

that fits most closely should be chosen.

Instructions for completing Needs Form:

§ The individual responsible for completing a needs assessment should:

1) Fill in all the information requested at the top

of the form completely and accurately.

2) Score the juvenile on each needs factor, using

the definitions on pages 3-4 through 3-12 of

this manual. Use of the structured interview

provided for you in Chapter 5 will further

assist in answering the required needs factors

more accurately.

3) Add the scores on each factor and record the

total in the Needs Score box.

4) Identify salient needs areas to address with

treatment interventions.

5) Refer to the Risk Assessment form to

record and identify any services that were

provided.

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3-3

THE MISSOURI JUVENILE NEEDS ASSESSMENT

2017

Behavior Problems No significant behavior problem.........-1 Moderate behavior problem ................. 2 Severe behavior problem ..................... 4 Attitude Motivated to change/accepts responsibility ........................................ 0 Generally uncooperative, defensive, not motivated to change ...... 1 Very negative attitude, defiant, and resistant to change ......................... 3 Interpersonal Skills Good interpersonal skills .....................-1 Moderately impaired interpersonal skills ..................................................... 1 Severely impaired interpersonal skills ..................................................... 2 Peer Relationships Neutral influence .................................. 0 Negative influence ............................... 1 Strong negative influence .................... 2 History of Child Abuse or Neglect No prior child abuse or neglect ............ 0 Prior abuse and neglect ........................ 1 Mental Health (see DSM-IV diagnosis) No mental health disorder .................... 0 Mental health disorder with treatment .............................................. 2 Mental health disorder with no treatment .............................................. 4 Substance Abuse No apparent problem............................ 0 Moderate alcohol and/or drug abuse problem ...................................... 1 Severe alcohol and/or drug problem/dependence ............................ 2 School Attendance/Disciplinary No or only minor problems……….….-1 Moderate problems .............................. 0 Severe problems ................................... 1

Parental Substance Abuse No parental substance abuse ................. 0 Parental substance abuse ...................... 1 Social Support System Strong support system ........................ -2 Limited support system, with one positive role model ........................ 0 Weak support system; no positive role models ........................................... 1 Strong negative or criminal influence .. 3

Academic Performance Passing without difficulty ..................... 0 Functioning below average ................... 1 Failing ................................................... 3 (If subject is 16 and not enrolled in school, score as 0) Learning Disorder (see DSM-IV diagnosis) No diagnosed learning disorder ............ 0 Diagnosed learning disorder ................. 1 Employment Full-time employment .......................... 0 Part-time employment .......................... 1 Unemployed ......................................... 2 Not Applicable………………………..0 (Score only if subject is 16 and not enrolled full-time in school, vocational training, or other education program.) Juvenile’s Parental Responsibility No children ........................................... 0 One child .............................................. 1 Two children ......................................... 2 Three or more children ......................... 3 Health/Handicaps No health problems or physical handicaps .............................................. 0 No health problems/handicaps but limited access to health care ........... 1 Mild physical handicap or medical condition ................................. 2 Pregnancy ............................................. 3 Serious physical handicap or medical condition ................................. 5 Parental Management Style Effective management style .................. 0 Moderately ineffective management style ...................................................... 1 Severely ineffective management style ...................................................... 2 Parental Mental Health (see DSM-IV diagnoses) No parental history of mental health disorder ...................................... 0 Parental history of mental health disorder ................................................. 1

TOTAL NEEDS SCORE: Initials: _________

Check all the services you used: These should be added as services within JIS

_____ None

Prevention & Education Programs _____ G.E.D. classes _____ Tutoring _____ Mentoring _____ Vocational training _____ Shoplifters’ program _____ Drug & alcohol awareness programs

Intervention Programs _____ Family counseling _____ Individual counseling _____ Substance abuse groups _____ Sex offender programs _____ Other: ______________

Custody to: Division of Family Services

_____ Residential _____ Foster Care

Services from: Department of Mental Health

_____ Residential _____ In-home Services _____ Other: ______________

Definitions for Needs Factors

Behavior Problems:

Choose the following description that best characterizes subject’s overall behavior pattern. All components of the description need not be present, however.

No significant behavior problem = Subject has no significant behavior problems at home or school. Moderate behavior problem = Subject has moderate behavior problems that have caused disruption and resulted in disciplinary action at home or school. Problem behaviors include isolated incidents of fighting, lying, defiance, remaining away from home without permission, and/or avoidance of assigned responsibilities. Severe behavior problem = Subject has severe behavior problems that have caused disruption and resulted in disciplinary action at home or school, and referrals to the Court. Behavior include persistent fighting, lying, defiance and/or avoidance of responsibility for the past six months or longer; or one or more incidents of the use of a weapon, fire - setting, sexual abuse, cruelty to animals, or self-destructive behavior, such as mutilating one’s self, or suicide attempts.

3-4

Attitude:

Motivated to change/accepts responsibility = Subject demonstrates healthy patterns of pro -social thinking demonstrated by appropriate respect for the law and an understanding of the negative consequences associated with law violations. Subject shows an acceptance of conventional institutions such as government, business, family, schools and work, and an appreciation of normative values such as honesty, integrity, and respect for others feelings and property. Subject does not make excuses for behavior, blame the legal system or victims, or display a tendency toward irresponsible behavior. Subject is sensitive to the needs, feelings, and perspectives of others. Subject demonstrates flexible thinking, good problem solving skills, an inherent trust of others, and the ability to manage anger. Generally uncooperative, defiant, not motivated to change = Subject displays moderate pattern of antisocial thinking demonstrated by a disrespect for the law and a lack of understanding that law violations deserve negative consequences. Subject rationalizes law violations and incidences of blaming the victim or society in general and accepts a criminal lifestyle and the values associated with it. Subject rejects conventio nal institutions. Subject has little capacity for self-monitoring and evaluating personal standards against social norms. Subject shows little sensitivity to the needs, feelings, and perspectives of others. Very negative attitude, defiant, and resistant to change = Subject demonstrates extreme pattern of antisocial thinking such as total disrespect for the law and has no concept of the need for law violations to have consequences. Subject rationalizes law violations, blames victim or society for situation, and feels that the system is “out to get them.” Subject holds extreme antisocial attitudes as measured by a high degree of hostility, dishonesty, and rejection of societal norms and institutions. Displays extreme forms of character deficits such as manipulation, selfishness, egocentricity, callousness, impulsiveness, lack of remorse, and an inability to learn from experience. Displays total disregard for others feelings, their opinions, and their individual rights or rights to property. Subject has n o constructive problem solving skills, cannot form trusting relationships and has difficulty controlling anger.

3-5

Interpersonal Skills:

Choose the following description that best characterizes subject’s overall interp ersonal skills. All components of the description need not be present, however.

Peer Relationships: Choose the following description that best characterizes subject’s primary peer group. All components of the description need not be pres ent, however. Consider behavior in the past 12 months as of primary importance when scoring this item.

Good interpersonal skills = Subject has developed competencies necessary to initiate, maintain, and terminate interpersonal relationships, including the ability to appropriately disclose personal thoughts and feelings, offer emotional support to others, disagree with others, and cope with in terpersonal conflict. Moderately impaired interpersonal skills = Subject has moderate difficulty forming, maintaining, and terminating interpersonal relationships. There are deficits in subject’s ability to appropriately disclose personal thoughts and feelings, offer emotional support to others, disagree with others, and cope with interpersonal conflict. Interpersonal relationships tend to be either superficial or over- idealized. Severely impaired interpersonal skills = Subject demonstrates obvious d ifficulty in forming and maintaining constructive interpersonal relationships. Subject’s interpersonal style is abusive or exploitive in nature, or subject is overly naïve and reclusive, and therefore an easy target for manipulation. Neutral influence = No member of the subject’s primary peer group has been referred to the Court, or, if the current referral involves peers, these youths have no history of prior referrals. Persons with whom subject socializes, and dating partners, are age-appropriate and engage in constructive organized social activities, or informal activities that reflect healthy, pro -social interests. Parents generally approve of subjects’ peer group. Negative influence = Peers negatively influence subject’s behavior, contributing to subject staying out late at night, intermittent alcohol and/or drug abuse, disobedience etc., but there is no evidence of gang related activities. Some members of primary peer group have been referred to the Court. Current referral may involve peers who have had previous court contact. Persons with whom subject socializes, and dating partners, may not be age-appropriate, either several years younger or older. Parents express disapproval of peers. Or, the subject is a loner and has not formed and maintained relationships with peers. Strong negative influence = Primary peer group is heavily delinquent and members have had frequent court contacts. Gang related activities (street socialization, carrying weapons, serious pattern of substance abuse, and/or drug distribution/trafficking, family members in gang, violence related to defense of neighborhood “turf”) among peer group members are probable.

3-6

History of Child Abuse or Neglect:

*If educational neglect was modified to a truancy referral, do not consider as evidence of history of abuse/neglect.

Mental Health: (See DSM-IV diagnoses excluded from scoring of this item on page 3-13)

No history of child abuse or neglect = There is no official record at the Division of Family Services with a finding of Probable Cause indicating the subject has been physically or sexually abused or neglected by a parent or caretaker, and there have been no petitions filed in the juvenile or family court for physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect or educational neglect* in which subject was the victim. Prior child abuse and/or neglect = There is an official record at the Division of Family Services with a finding of Probable Cause indicating that subject has been physically or sexually abused or neglected by a parent or caretaker. Or, there have been petitions filed in the juvenile or family court for physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect or educational neglect* in which subject was the victim. A petition that is filed but dismissed without prejudice is sufficient to represent a history of abuse or neglect. No mental health disorder = Subject has not been diagnosed by a mental health professional as having a mental disorder. Mental health disorder with treatment = Subject has been diagnosed by a mental health professional as having a mental health disorder, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (excludes learning disorders, conduct disorder, or chemical dependency), but has been successfully discharged from inpatient mental health treatment, and/or is currently participating in and cooperating with outpatient treatment. Mental health disorder with no treatment = Subject has been diagnosed by a mental health professional as having a mental disorder, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (excludes learning disabilities, conduct disorder, or chemical dependency), but has not received mental health treatment, or has received treatment, but is non- compliant with treatment recommendations.

3-7

Substance Abuse:

Choose the following description that best characterizes the subject’s overall pattern of substance use. All components of the description need not be present, however. Consider behavior in the past 12 months as of primary importance when scoring this item.

No alcohol or drug problem = There is no parental suspicion or reliable physical evidence that drugs or alcohol abuse a problem. Relationship with parents is not strained over the issue of drug or alcohol abuse. There are no court referrals involving substance abuse, possession, or distribution. There has been no disciplinary action taken by school authorities related to substance abuse, possession, or distribution. Moderate alcohol and/or drug abuse problem = Subject is engaged in intermittent abuse or there is strong parental suspicion of substance abuse based on reliable physical evidence (alcohol on breath, dilated/constricted pupils, smell and/or residue of drug on person or personal property, slurred speech, staggering, possession of drug paraphernalia, etc.) that drug and alcohol abuse is a problem. There is tension in relationship with parents over the issue of substance abuse. There may have been a referral to the Court for substance abuse, possession or distribution, but not more than one. Subject may have been disciplin ed by school authorities for substance abuse or possession, but on not more than one occasion. Subject may have been diagnosed with an alcohol or drug problem, but is currently undergoing successful treatment and is abstinent. Severe alcohol and/or drug problem/dependence = Subject has developed a pattern of regular abuse that is affecting social, familial, and/or school functioning. There is a history of reliable physical evidence indicating substance abuse or dependence is a problem. Subject has been d iagnosed as chemically dependent and is currently in need of substance abuse treatment. There is a high level of conflict with parents regarding abuse behavior. There have been more than one referral to the Court for substance abuse, possession, or distrib ution. Subject has been disciplined by school authorities for substance abuse, possession, or distribution on more than one occasion.

3-8

School Attendance/Disciplinary:

When school is out of session, consider disciplinary and academic record for previous school year.

Academic Performance:

(Applies only to subjects who are enrolled in school, vocational training, or other educational programming.) *When school is out of session, consider academic record for previous school year.

No or only minor problems = Subject is enrolled and attending school regularly. There have been no out-of-school suspensions, previous expulsions, referrals for truancy, or school records indicating multiple unexcused absences. OR, subject is 16 and has full-time employment or part-time employment with a G.E.D., or is enrolled in G.E.D. classes, vocational training, or other educational program and is making satisfactory progress. Moderate problems = Subject is currently enrolled in school and attending, but there has been at least one out-of-school suspension, previous expulsion, referral for truancy, or school records indicating multiple unexcused absences. OR, subject is not enrolled in school, but is 16 and is enrolled in G.E.D. classes, vocational training, or other educational program. However, evidence suggests that satisfa ctory progress is NOT being made. Severe problems = Subject is currently on out-of-school suspension, expelled or has dropped out; and if 16 years old, is not working and has not earned a G.E.D. or enrolled in a G.E.D., vocational training, or other educational program. Passing without difficulty = Subject’s grades reflect a C average or above. Functioning below average = Subject’s grades reflect a D average. Failing = Subject’s grades reflect academic failure.

3-9

Learning Disorder:

(see DSM-IV learning disorder diagnoses to include on page 3-13)

Employment: (Applies only to subjects who are not enrolled in school, vocational training, or other educational programming and are 16 years of age.)

Juvenile’s Parental Responsibility:

No diagnosed learning disorder – subject has not been diagnosed with a learning disorder.

Diagnosed learning disorder – subject has been diagnosed with a learning disorder. Full-time employment = Subject has full-time employment. Part-time employment = Subject is employed, but for less than 40 hours per week.

Unemployed = Subject is unemployed. Not Applicable =Subject is age 15 or younger No children = Subject has no biological children. One child = Subject has one biological child. Two children = Subject has two biological children. Three or more children = Subject has three or more biological children.

3-10

Health/Handicaps:

Parental Management Style: Choose the following description that best characterizes subject’s family. All components of the description need not be present, however. Consider behavior in the past 12 months as of primary importance when scoring this item.

No health problems or physical handicaps = Subject’s health is good and he or she has no physical handicaps that impede daily functioning. No health problems or handicaps but limited access to health care = Subject’s health is good and he or she has no physical handicaps that impede daily functioning. However, subject has no or infrequent contacts with medical and dental professionals and may lack health insurance. Mild physical handicap or medical condition = Subject has a mi ld physical handicap or medical condition that somewhat impedes daily functioning. Pregnancy = subject is pregnant. Serious physical handicap or medical condition = Subject has a serious physical handicap or medical condition that significantly impedes d aily functioning. Positive management style = Family unit offers structure, support, and supervision. Rules and boundaries governing socially acceptable conduct and expectations for behavior (e.g., school attendance, household responsibilities, curfe ws, homework, etc.) are in place and are clearly identified. Disciplinary practices are flexible, utilizing both reward and punishment systems, and these contingencies are administered firmly, fairly, and consistently. Parents or primary caretaker succes sfully monitor subject’s activities. Moderately ineffective management style = Family unit offers minimal structure, support, and supervision. Rules and boundaries governing socially acceptable conduct and expectations for behavior (school attendance, household responsibilities, curfews, homework, etc) are either lacking or unclear. Disciplinary practices are inflexible, being either overly punitive or overly permissive. Parental monitoring may be affected by parental substance abuse, or through unsatisfa ctory child - care arrangements. Severely ineffective management style = Family unit offers no structure, support, or supervision. Disciplinary practices are totally absent and subject is not held accountable for negative behavior. Parental monitoring is clearly affected by parental substance abuse, unsatisfactory child -care arrangements, or lack of parental commitment.

3-11

Parental Mental Health:

(See DSM-IV diagnoses excluded from scoring on this item on page 3-13)

Parental Substance Abuse:

Social Support System: Choose the following description that best characterizes subject’s support system beyond the subject’s immediate family for the past 12 months. All components of the description need not be present, however. Social support systems include extended family (uncle, aunt, or grandparent), family friends, teachers, or other community members who may be active in subject’s life.

No parental history of mental health disorder = Neither parent nor other adults functioning as primary caretakers have been diagnosed with a mental disorder by a mental health professional. Parental history of mental health disorder = One or both parents, or other adults functioning as primary caretakers have been diagnosed with a mental disorder by a mental health professional (excluding chemical dependency and personality disorders). No parental substance abuse = There are no indications that either parent or other adult functioning as a primary caretaker abuses alcohol or drugs. Parental substance abuse = One or both parents or other adult functioning as a primary caretaker currently abuses alcohol or drugs. This has caused disruption in the home. The abuse may affect ability to maintain employment, to supervise and discipline subject, may have resulted in arrests, and may have caused conflict in the marital relationship. Parent(s) may have received substance abuse treatment (including AA) or has been diagnosed as chemically dependent. Strong support system = Support system is strong and stable and positive role models are available. Limited support system, with one positive role model = There is some instability in support system, but there is at least one positive role model with whom subject has a strong relationship and regular contact. Weak support system; no positive role models = There is instability in support system and no positive role models with whom subject has a strong relationship and regular contact. Strong negative or criminal influence = Support system highly unstable, and members are negative role models who have strong criminal orientation evidenced by antisocial attitudes and behavior.

3-12

DSM-IV Classifications Personality Disorders: (Exclude these disorders when scoring the Parental Mental Health needs variable) 301.00 Paranoid Personality Disorder 301.20 Schizoid Personality Disorder 301.22 Schizotypal Personality Disorder 301.70 Antisocial Personality Disorder 301.83 Borderline Personality Disorder 301.83 Histrionic Personality Disorder 301.81 Narcissistic Personality Disorder 301.82 Avoidant Personality Disorder 301.60 Dependent Personality Disorder 301.40 Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder 301.90 Personality Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified Learning Disorders: (Exclude these disorders when scoring the Mental Health needs variable. Include these disorders when scoring the Learning Disorder needs variable). 315.00 Reading Disorder 315.10 Mathematics Disorder 315.20 Disorder of Written Expression 315.90 Learning Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified

3-13

Instructions for Using Classification Matrix

§ If the juvenile has more than one immediate allegation, the most serious allegation should be used to determine sanctions.

§ If the presenting referral was reduced or otherwise altered after screening for legal sufficiency, the officer should use the modified referral for identifying sanctions.

§ There may be occasions when it is appropriate to choose more than one option from those listed in the matrix cell. Officer may choose more than one option when there is reason to believe that more than one sanction is needed.

§ The use of the + symbol denotes sanctions that are not recommended as a sole option for juveniles who fall into that cell, but are recommended to be used with other options in that cell.

§ The officer may exercise discretion by “working outside” of the Risk Classification Matrix guidelines.

§ Mandatory certification hearings are required by statute for all Class A Felonies. In the event the juvenile is not certified, the juvenile officer should refer to the column A & B Felonies on the matrix for classification purposes.

Instructions for Classification Matrix:

1) After completing the Risk Assessment scale, locate the juvenile’s risk level.

2) Locate the youth’s risk level down the far-left column of the Classification Matrix.

3) Locate the severity of the youth’s offense across the top row of the Classification Matrix.

4) Locate the cell in the matrix where the youth’s risk level and offense severity intersects. This cell contains the graduated sanctions recommended by the matrix for a given case.

5) Record the sanctions that were applied on the Risk Assessment Form.

6) Record your reason for electing to use a sanction not recommended in the matrix.

4-1

MISSOURI RISK & OFFENSE CASE CLASSIFICATION MATRIX

OFFENSE SEVERITY

GROUP 1 OFFENSES

GROUP 2 OFFENSES

GROUP 3 OFFENSES

Risk Level

Status Offenses Municipal Ordinances/

Infractions

Class A, B, & C Misdemeanors/

Class C & D Felonies A* & B Felonies

Low Risk

A) Warn & Counsel B) Restitution C) Community Service D) Court Fees & Assessments E) Supervision

A) Warn & Counsel B) Restitution C) Community Service D+) Court Fees & Assessments E) Supervision

B+) Restitution C+) Community Service D+) Court Fees & Assessments E) Supervision F) Day Treatment G) Intensive Supervision H) Court Residential Placement I) Commitment to DYS

Moderate Risk

A) Warn & Counsel B) Restitution C) Community Service D) Court Fees & Assessments E) Supervision

A) Warn & Counsel B) Restitution C+) Community Service D+) Court Fees & Assessment E) Supervision F) Day Treatment

B+) Restitution C+) Community Service D+) Court Fees & Assessments E) Supervision F) Day Treatment G) Intensive Supervision H) Court Residential Placement I) Commitment to DYS

High Risk

A) Warn & Counsel B) Restitution C) Community Service D) Court Fees & Assessments E) Supervision

B+) Restitution C+) Community Service D+) Court Fees & Assessments E) Supervision F) Day Treatment G) Intensive Supervision H) Court Residential Placement I) Commitment to DYS

H) Court Residential Placement I) Commitment to DYS

* Mandatory certification hearings are required by statute for all Class A Felonies. In the event the juvenile is not certified, the juvenile officer should refer to this column of the matrix for classification purposes. + This symbol indicates options that should never be used as a sole option for youths who score in that cell, but only in conjunction with other options.

4-2

A formal verbal or written warning and giving of advice regarding offense-related behavior. When a formal verbal warning is the sanction applied, the associated disposition is Informal Adjustment Without Supervision, if a conference is held. When a written warning is the sanction applied, the associated disposition is Informal Adjustment, No Conference.

The juvenile is to make restitution or reparation for the damage or loss caused by the offense.

The juvenile is to perform community service under the supervision of the court or an organization selected by the court.

The juvenile is to pay court costs and/or assessments related to the processing of his/her case.

The juvenile officer meeting regularly with the juvenile and custodian for the following purposes: 1) providing and/or monitoring intervention programs, and prevention and education programs, to ensure the juvenile is receiving those services as expected, 2) ensuring that the juvenile is complying with sanctions, as ordered by the court, or agreed to by the juvenile and custodian through the informal adjustment agreement.

The juvenile is ordered to participate in a day treatment program, but may remain in the community. A day treatment program operates in a non-secure setting, but activities are highly structured. Program activities may include close supervision, counseling, educational/vocational services, and other services to assist the juvenile in developing skills needed to function effectively in the community and avoid delinquent behavior.

The juvenile is adjudicated and placed under intensive supervision, a type of formal supervision. Distinctive features of intensive supervision programs include low caseloads, frequent contacts with the juvenile, regular collateral contacts with other family members, school personnel, and/or community members who have knowledge of the juvenile's behavior. During the early stage of intensive supervision, contacts may be surveillance-oriented, with emphasis on control and behavioral management. Frequency of contacts may diminish as juvenile demonstrates progress. Juveniles on intensive supervision may be placed on electronic monitoring.

Warn & Counsel:

Restitution:

Community Service:

Court Fees & Assessments:

Supervision:

Day Treatment Program:

Intensive Supervision:

Sanctions = the penalty for noncompliance specified in a law, or any penalty that acts to insure compliance or conformity.

Sanction Definitions

4-3

Sanction Definitions Continued

Court Residential Placement:

Commitment to Division of Youth Services :

None:

The juvenile is ordered into a facility that constitutes the least restrictive appropriate placement for that juvenile. The juvenile will reside at the court operated or court funded placement until the court determines he/she may be released. This excludes placement in DMH (Dept. of Mental Health) or DFS (Division of Family Services) facilities. Placement facilities may be community-based and provide intensive treatment services and special programming based on the juvenile's needs.

The juvenile is adjudicated and committed to the Division of Youth Services.

The juvenile and officer are relieved of responsibilities in regards to the immediate case. No action is taken in this case.

4-4

The juvenile is required to participate in prevention and/or education programs.

Prevention programs are brief programs offered by the court or in the community, that are intended to educate the juvenile about the consequences of the law violation or other at-risk behaviors. Examples of these include drug awareness programs or shoplifters' programs.

Education programs are those programs offered by the court or in the community, which address academic deficits or vocational needs. Examples include G.E.D. classes, tutoring, or vocational training programs.

The juvenile is required to participate in an intervention program, such as a sex offender program, family therapy group, or substance abuse group.

The juvenile is not referred or required to participate in any prevention, education, or intervention programs.

Prevention and Education Programs:

Intervention Programs:

None:

Services = A treatment or service designed to affect a change in behavior.

Service Definitions

4-5

Disposition Codes

Disposition DYS Code

Definition

Allegation found not true w/petition

04 The petition is dismissed from the court and the case is closed. Requires risk and needs assessment.

Allegation true with petition; Juvenile receives in-home services

02 The filing of a petition, a court disposition, and court ordered services while the youth remains in the home. Requires risk and needs assessment.

Allegation true with petition; Juvenile receives no services

03 The filing of a petition and a court disposition but no services are provided. Requires risk and needs assessment.

Allegation true with petition; Juvenile receives out-of–home placement

01 The filing of a petition and court disposition with custody transferred to another agency or individual. Placement may range from a relative to a foster home. Note: This code should be used to show a youth committed to the custody of DYS even if the youth is placed in-home on DYS community care. Requires risk and needs assessment.

Associated Referral/Disposition

99 This referral was linked to a petition, formal or informal, and court disposition of another referral that was taken to court as the primary allegation. This referral is a child referral that is associated to a parent referral, which was taken to court on one petition and given one disposition.

Informal adjustment conference with supervision

08 Any informal non-judicial activity which occurs without the filing of a petition and involves supervision by written agreement. Requires risk and needs assessment.

Informal adjustment conference without supervision

07 Any informal non-judicial activity which occurs without the filing of a petition and involves no more than one face-to-face contact and results in a formal warning to the juvenile and a referral for services that are monitored. Requires risk and needs assessment.

J-TRAC Appendix D 1

1/5/01 © OSCA – Confidential Document

4-6

Disposition

DYS Code

Definition

Informal adjustment, no conference

09 A pending intake situation where no petition is filed and no action is taken beyond a formal warning letter or verbal warning. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

Referral rejected, allegation not true

12 This referral was rejected for any reason. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

Referral rejected, insufficient evidence

13 This referral was rejected for lack of evidence. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

Sustain motion to dismiss for certification w/petition

06 The court sustains the motion to dismiss to allow transfer to the adult court for prosecution under general law and the case is closed. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

Sustain motion to dismiss w/petition

05 The court finds that a motion to dismiss should be sustained and the case is closed. Requires risk and needs assessment.

Transfer to DFS 11 A situation where the youth’s case (records, file, etc.)

are transferred to DFS. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

Transfer to DMH 11 A situation where the youth’s case (records, file, etc.)

are transferred to DMH. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

Transfer to DYS 11 A situation where the youth’s case (records, file, etc.)

are transferred to DYS. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

Transfer to other 11 A situation where the youth’s case (records, file, etc.)

are transferred to Other. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

Transfer to Private Agency 11 A situation where the youth’s case (records, file, etc.)

are transferred to Private Agency. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

Transfer to Public Agency 11 A situation where the youth’s case (records, file, etc.)

are transferred to Public Agency. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

Transfer to other Juvenile Court 10 A situation where the youth is transferred to another

Juvenile Court’s jurisdiction. Does NOT require risk and needs assessment.

J-TRAC Appendix D 2

10/19/99 © OSCA – Confidential Document

4-7

Chapter 5

Guidelines for Structured Interviewing

Introduce interview participants and explain the reason for the interview.

Be polite, direct, and non-judgmental of all participants.

Explain that while some of the questions are of a sensitive nature, you are required to ask them of everyone, and that their responses will be crucial for determining the most appropriate sanction and service for their child.

Explain sanctions in terms of their relationship to personal accountability, and services in terms of their relationship to the specific needs of the child.

Emphasize the importance of responding in as open, honest, and complete fashion as possible because the information they provide will be compared with the official record for accuracy.

To expedite the interview process you may want to mail the attached information form to be completed and returned by the parents of the referred juvenile prior to the informal conference. This way, certain information (criminal history, for example) can be verified prior to your meeting.

5-1

1.) AGE AT FIRST REFERRAL

2.) PRIOR REFERRALS

3.) ASSAULT REFERRALS (See classification manual for complete details on what offenses constitute assault.)

4.) SUBSTANCE AND ALCOHOL ABUSE

How old were you the first time you were referred to the juvenile authorities?

How many times have you been referred to the juvenile authorities? What were the referral(s) for?

Have you ever been referred to the juvenile authorities for any of the following: Misd. Felony

Homicide ____ Sexual Assault ____ Robbery ____ Assault ____ ____ Sexual Offense ____ Arson ____ Kidnapping ____

Total ____ ____

Ask parents whether they suspect their child is using drug or alcohol.

Enter age here:

# of Status Offense(s): Offenses:

# of Delinquency Offense(s): Offenses: Total #:

No ___________ If yes, were any of the following indicators?

____ Alcohol on breath? ____ Dilated or constricted pupils? ____ Slurred speech? ____ Smell or residue of drugs on person or personal property? ____ Staggering? ____ Possession of drug paraphernalia?

5-2

5.) HISTORY OF PLACEMENT

Have you ever been referred to the juvenile authorities for using drugs or alcohol?

Have you experienced any disciplinary action by school authorities related to substance abuse behavior?

Is there any tension or conflict between you and your parents over the use of drugs or alcohol?

How would you describe that tension?

Do you use drugs on a regular basis?

How many times per week do you use drugs or alcohol?

Have you ever seen a doctor or counselor about your drug or alcohol use?

Do you think you are addicted or has a counselor made this diagnosis?

Have you ever received treatment for a substance abuse problem?

Are you currently using drugs or alcohol?

Have you ever lived outside of your parent’s home for a period of time?

No _________ If yes, how many times? __________ What for? ___________________________________

Yes ____________ No _________

Low ___________ Moderate ___________ High ____________

Yes _____________________ No _______________________

Yes ____________ No _____________

Yes _________ No _________

Drugs: Yes _____________ No _____________

Alcohol: Yes _____________ No _____________

No ___________ If yes, what were the circumstances and how long were you away?

Indicate number of times from the following: Placement defined as:

____ Court Detention ____ Foster Care ____ Hospitalization for mental illness or substance abuse ____ Voluntary respite placement ____ Commitment to DYS ____ Other government operated or private residential facility ____ Boarding/Military school for uncooperative behavior ____ Family relative for more than 3 months for uncooperative behavior

Total ____

Yes ___________ No ___________

5-3

6.) SCHOOL BEHAVIOR

Are you attending school regularly?

Have you ever been suspended?

Have you ever been expelled?

Have you ever been caught skipping or not attending school when you were supposed to be there?

If we were to review your school records, What would we discover about your attendance?

Are you currently going to school or have you dropped out?

If child is 16 years old, ask the following questions:

Are you working full-time?

Are you working part-time?

Yes ____________________ No _____________________

No _____________ Yes,

______________________________________

# of times?

No _____________ Yes,

_____________________________________

For what reason? ___________________________

No ________________ Yes, ____________________________

# of times? __________________________

What happened?

Going to school _______________ Dropped out

__________________

No _____________ Yes ________________________

# of hours? __________________

No _____________ Yes ________________________

# of hours? __________________

5-4

7.) PARENTAL MANAGEMENT STYLE

Do you have a G.E.D.?

Or are you enrolled in a G.E.D. program?

Are you making satisfactory progress?

Are you enrolled in vocational training?

What kind of progress are you making?

Any other educational program(s)?

Do you do things together as a family?

Do you follow a set schedule?

Do you have family duties for which you are responsible?

How would you describe your parents? Do you think they are too strict with you or do you wish they would be stricter when you misbehave?

Yes ________________ No _________________

Yes _______________________ No _____________________________

No _______________ If yes, what are some examples?

Yes _______________________ No ________________________

No _______________ If yes, what are some examples?

____ Household chores? ____ Homework? ____ School attendance?

Others examples:

Yes ________________ No _________________

5-5

Do your parents monitor your activities?

Do you have a curfew?

Do your parents know your friends?

Does either of your parents use drugs or alcohol?

What do your parents do to reward you when you do something good?

What do your parents do to punish you when you misbehave?

Would you say that your parents are fair?

If they tell you they are going to punish you, do they follow through on their punishment?

Do your mother and father generally agree with one another in terms of disciplinary practices?

Yes ______________ No _______________

Yes __________________ No ___________________

Yes _________________ No ___________________

No ______________ If yes, do you feel this affects your parent’s ability to supervise and monitor your activities?

Yes ______________ No _______________

Explain:

Sometimes _______ Always ________ Almost Never ______

Sometimes ______ Always ______ Almost Never ______

5-6

8.) HISTORY OF ABUSE AND NEGLECT

9.) PARENTAL HISTORY OF INCARCERATION

10.) PEER RELATIONSHIPS

Have you ever been abused?

Were any official reports prepared (Probable Cause or Petitions filed in Juvenile and Family Court) for physical or sexual abuse, or physical or educational neglect in which you were the victim?

Does your family have an assigned DFS caseworker?

Have either one of your parents ever been incarcerated Either in jail or prison for a criminal offense conviction?

Have any of your friends been referred to the court for delinquent behavior? (Other than current referral if they were with the child being interviewed.)

How many times have your friends been referred to the court?

How old are your friends?

Do you date?

How old is the person you date?

What type of activities do you and your friends engage in?

No ______________

If yes, what was the nature of this abuse?

Yes ______________ No _______________

Yes ________ No ________

Yes ___________ No ____________

____ Pro-social and healthy Examples:

____ Negative or delinquent Examples:

5-7

How do your parents feel about your friends/peer group?

Ask parent(s) currently with the child the same question:

Do your friends influence your behavior? [Ask parents the same question]:

Would you say that you have a lot of close friends?

Or do you prefer to be by yourself most of the time?

As far as you know, do any of your friends or family members carry guns, knives or any other weapons?

Do any of your friends or family do the following:

Friends Family Spend most of their time hanging out on the streets? ____ ____ Deal drugs? ____ ____ Have serious substance abuse problem? ____ ____ Engage in violence defending neighborhood turf? ____ ____ Have gang affiliations? ____ ____

Approve __________ Disapprove ___________

No ________ If yes, how?

Juvenile Response Parental Response Staying out late? ____ ____ Causing you to disobey your parents? ____ ____ Encouraging drug or alcohol abuse? ____ ____

Other ways:

Yes ________________ No _________________

5-8

No __________ If yes, what conditions?

11.) HEALTH/HANDICAPS

12.) JUVENILE’S PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY (number of biological children of the JUVENILE, not the parent of the juvenile)

Do you have any physical handicaps or medical conditions that interfere in your daily functioning?

How adversely does your medical or physical condition interfere with your daily functioning?

Do you have medical insurance that covers your medical or physical condition?

Are you currently pregnant?

Do you have any biological children?

Are you financially responsible for them?

Mildly ________ Moderately ________ Seriously _________

Yes _____________ No ______________

Yes _____________________ No _______________________

No _________ If yes, how many? ________________________

Yes ____________________ No ____________________

Needs

5-9

13.) ATTITUDE

Do you think it is reasonable and fair that you that you were brought to the juvenile office for the alleged offense?

In general, do you think you should be held accountable for your actions?

How do the following people affect your life:

Who can you trust?

Do you think there are ever times when it is acceptable to tell less than the truth?

Under what circumstances?

Do you ever act without thinking about the consequences?

Can you give me an example of when this happened?

If this event happened again, how might you handle it differently?

Do you ever try to understand why other people do things by trying to “put yourself into their position”?

Can you provide an example of when you did this?

Does doing this help you understand their position better?

Needs

5-2

Why, or why not?

Parents:

Teachers:

Police:

Employer:

Why?

___________ Yes _____________ No

Why, or why not?

5-10

14.) INTERPERSONAL SKILLS

How would you rate your skills at making and keeping your friends?

Tell me about your friendships? What kinds of things do you talk about?

Do you feel comfortable taking about things that really matter to you?

Do you offer support to your friends?

Do you ever choose your friends for what they might be able to do for or get for you?

Do you ever demand that your friends do things for you?

If you disagree with your friends what do you say to them?

Good _____________________ Fair ______________________ Poor __________________________

Yes ___________________ No ____________________

No ____________ If yes, can you provide an example?

No _____________ If yes, can you provide an example?

Yes _______________ No _______________

Needs

5-11

15.) MENTAL HEALTH

Are you usually able to resolve your problems with your friends without an argument?

Do you feel like people frequently take advantage of you?

Would you consider yourself a loner?

Has a mental health professional ever diagnosed you with a mental disorder?

Have you ever received treatment for your disorder?

Are you currently receiving treatment for your disorder?

Are you compliant with your treatment provider’s recommendations?

Yes _________________ No _________________

No ____________

If yes, can you provide an example?

Yes ____________________ No ______________________

No____________

If yes, what was the diagnosis? (Do NOT consider a learning disorder, conduct disorder, or substance abuse disorder in this category. You MAY include Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder here.)

Yes _______________ No _______________

Yes ___________________ No _____________________

Needs

5-12

16.) LEARNING DISORDERS

17.) ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE (Passing = C average or better, Functioning below average = D average, Failing = F)

18.) EMPLOYMENT

Have you been diagnosed with any of the following Learning Disorders? (Do NOT include ADHD in this category.)

_____ Reading ____ Mathematics _____ Learning Disorder, Not Disorder? Disorder? Otherwise Specified?

What are your current grades?

Are you employed?

What do you do?

How many hours per week do you work?

How long have you worked for your current employer?

A – B ___________ C – D ___________ Failing ____________

No _________________ If yes, where do you work? __________________________

____________ years _____________ months

Needs

5-13

20.) PARENTAL SUBSTANCE ABUSE

19.) PARENTAL MENTAL HEALTH

Has either of your parents been diagnosed with a mental disorder? (Do NOT include Personality Disorders or Substance Abuse Disorders in this category.)

Have you ever received treatment for your disorder?

Are you currently receiving treatment for you disorder?

Are you compliant with your treatment provider’s recommendations?

Ask parents if they use alcohol or drugs.

Have you ever been arrested for possession of drugs or DUI?

Does your pattern of use create tension or conflict with your spouse or problems in disciplining and monitoring your children (through uncontrolled anger or failure to monitor child’s activities owing to incapacitation)?

Does it create problems with your employer such as absences or being terminated?

Have you ever been diagnosed as chemically or alcohol dependent?

Have you ever received treatment for substance abuse?

No ______________ Yes, what is your pattern of use?

Yes ___________ No ____________

Yes ____________ No _____________

Yes __________ No ___________

Yes ______________ No _______________

Needs

No ________ If yes, what disorder?

Yes ______________ No ________________

Yes _________________ No ___________________

Needs

5-14

21.) SOCIAL SUPPORT SYSTEM

Is there any one person or more that you feel is a positive influence in your life?

How frequently do you interact with this person?

What types of activities do you do with them?

Why is this person important to you?

Do you pretty much know what to expect from this person whenever you see them (attitudes, beliefs, mood, and personality/character?)

Are these individuals involved in criminal activities?

Do they ever encourage you to do anything criminal or against your belief system?

No __________ If yes, who are they?

Yes _________ No __________

Yes ________________ No _________________

No __________ If yes, what are some examples?

Needs

5-15

INFORMATION SHEET

Date: _______/________/_________

JUVENILE HISTORY

Full Name: ___________________________________ A.K.A./Nickname: _____________________________

Social Security Number: _________ - ___________ - ____________

Address: __________________________________________________________________________________

City: __________________________________________State:__________________Zip: _________________

Home Phone: ( ) ________ - _____________ Work Phone: ( ) _________ - _____________

DOB: _____/_______/________ Age: _____________ Race: _________________ Sex: ______________

Hair Color: _______________ Eye Color: ________________ Weight: ____________ Height: __________

Have you ever met with a Juvenile Officer before?

If so, for what reason(s) and when?

Are you or have you ever been a Ward of the Court?

JUVENILE SCHOOL HISTORY

What school do you attend? __________________________________________ Grade Level? ______________

Have you ever been expelled, suspended, or truant from school?

If so, for what reason and when?

Are you enrolled in vocational or other special training?

List the activities you participate in school:

Academic performance: Above average ( ) Average ( ) Failing ( )

11/08/995-17

FAMILY HISTORY

Father’s Name: _____________________________________________________________________________

Social Security Number: _________ - ___________ - ____________ DOB: _____/_______/________

Address: __________________________________________________________________________________

City: __________________________________________State:__________________Zip: _________________

Home Phone: ( ) ________ - _____________ Work Phone: ( ) _________ - _____________

Occupation: ________________________________________________________________________________

Mother’s Name: _____________________________________________________________________________

Social Security Number: _________ - ___________ - ____________ DOB: _____/_______/________

Address (if different than father): _______________________________________________________________

City: __________________________________________State:__________________Zip: _________________

Home Phone: ( ) ________ - _____________ Work Phone: ( ) _________ - _____________

Occupation: ________________________________________________________________________________

Has either parent ever been sentenced to a period of incarceration in jail or prison?

Has there ever been a petition filed against either parent for the abuse or neglect of the juvenile named above?

If so, when and what for?

Has the juvenile ever been placed outside of the home for his or her behavior?

If so, with whom was he/she placed and for how long?

5-18

SIBLINGS

Name DOB

1) ______________________________________________________ _________________

2) ______________________________________________________ _________________

3) ______________________________________________________ _________________

4) ______________________________________________________ _________________

5) ______________________________________________________ _________________

6) ______________________________________________________ _________________

7) ______________________________________________________ _________________

8) ______________________________________________________ _________________

Other than parent, emergency contact:

Name: ________________________________________________________________________

Address: ______________________________________________________________________

Phone: _______________________________________________________________________

Relationship: __________________________________________________________________

5-19

IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE STATE OF MISSOURI

FAMILY COURT - JUVENILE DIVISION THE HONORABLE JUDGE

SOCIAL INVESTIGATION

IN THE INTEREST OF: DATE OF REPORT:

JOHN 2001

BIRTHDATE: CASE NUMBER: Q-453678-01

16 years old CAUSE NO: 347-01135B

DATE OF HEARING: DEPUTY JUVENILE OFFICER:

2001 Deputy XYZ (9:00 a.m. – Division 5)

I. Reason for Hearing

Present Offense On April 1, 2001 OSCA county deputy sheriff, G., charged John J. with a felony offense of Assault 2nd, Class C. The offense report states John J. was a party to a gang assault on the victim, Ryan, who was allegedly lured to an Iron River location for the purpose of the assault.

Offender Statement John consistently denies involvement in, or orchestration of, the assault on Ryan. He acknowledges being present during the assault, but claims he attempted to stop the assault rather than contribute to it.

II. Collateral Contact

Victim Statement According to the victim, Ryan, John J. and two assailants lured him to the assault location by promising me that there would be beer there. Ryan states John J. and his accomplices “punched, kicked, and knocked me to the ground”. He also claims an unidentified object was thrown at his right shoulder. Ryan was transported to Memorial Medical Center where he received a shoulder x-ray, and treatment for minor head lacerations and slight bruising to the groin area.

6-1

III. Previous Police and/or Court Contact

Year Age Offense Disposition

2001 16 Assault, 2nd. Present Offense **** 15 Possession of Explosives Formal - OHP **** 15 Theft of Weapon Formal - Supervision **** 14 Forgery Formal - Supervision **** 14 Stealing Informal Adjustment **** 13 Underage Drinking Informal Adjustment

Age at 1st Referral = 13 Age at 1st Referral Risk Score = 0 Prior Number of Referrals = 5 Prior Referral Risk Score = 2 Present or Prior Assault Referrals = 1 Assault Referral Risk Score = 2

IV. Personal Information

Health/Handicaps John is a medically healthy 16 year old male with no physical handicaps.

Health/Handicaps Needs Score = 0

Parental Responsibility John has no biological children for whom he is responsible.

Parental Responsibility Needs Score = 0

Behavior Problem John is assessed with a significant behavior problem defined through his referrals to the court, which includes referrals for weapons and assault related offenses.

Behavior Problems Needs Score = 4

Attitude John displays a moderate pattern of antisocial thinking demonstrated by his continuing disrespect for the law and his lack of understanding that his law violations yield negative consequences. He frequently blames others for his conduct, in the present case suggesting that the other youth present at the time of the offense were responsible and that law enforcement officials are “always looking for a reason to bust him”.

Attitude Needs Score = 1

6-2

Interpersonal Skills John has moderately impaired interpersonal skills manifested in his inability to effectively deal with interpersonal conflict on occasion. His continued association with a delinquent subgroup and failure to terminate his relationships with his current peer group further demonstrates moderate impairment in this area.

Interpersonal Skills Needs Score = 1

Mental Health John does not have a diagnosed mental disorder.

Mental Health Needs Score = 0

Substance Abuse John has a moderate substance abuse problem. His parents report they have observed reliable physical evidence (alcohol on breath) that he is intermittently abusing alcohol. It is additionally significant that John has been previously referred to the court for an alcohol-related incident. John denies abusing alcohol.

Substance Abuse Risk & Needs Score = 1

History of Placement John has a previous out-of-home placement in the residential treatment center, Northwest Passage, from MM/DD/YYY to MM/DD/YYYY. He was subsequently transitioned to Prentice House, a less restrictive group home, from MM/DD/YYYY to MM/DD/YYYY. John’s initial placement in Northwest Passage was based on behavior that included uncontrollable anger, fighting, and excessive drinking. In both placements he received comprehensive medical, mental health, substance abuse, and educational services. Staff reports indicate that John made satisfactory progress in treatment, acquiring skills in problem resolution and anger management.

History of Placement Risk Score = 1 V. School and Employment

School Behavior John has no, or only minor, school behavior problems. John is enrolled in school full-time and is attending regularly. School records indicate that on two occasions John left school early without proper authorization, but was not considered truant, and he has not been expelled or suspended during the school year for any reason.

School Behavior Risk & Needs Score = -1

6-3

Learning Disorder (see DSM-IV diagnoses) John has not been diagnosed with a Learning Disorder.

Learning Disorder Needs Score = 0

Academic Performance John is passing without difficulty. He has only had problems with one history course for which he has failed to complete a required paper. If he completes this assignment and passes his second semester classes, he is on schedule to be a senior the next school year. John is a good student and has maintained a C+ average over the course of the first semester this school year.

Academic Performance Needs Score = 0

Employment John is employed part-time as a dishwasher at the Rustic Roost Restaurant. He has been employed for seven months and is considered a reliable employee. Although John is attending school full time and doing well in his studies, he also manages to function well in his current employment. Because this helps to structure his time in a positive fashion, this is a mitigating circumstance in his present situation.

Employment Needs Score = N/A

VI. Family Background

Parents: Bob (stepfather) and Samantha J. Home Phone: (573) 675-9087 Siblings: Jessica, 19; Cara, 8; Kim, 6. Work Phone: (573) 675-0912(F) Address: 222 New Haven Ct. (573) 675-1234(M)

Judicial, MO.

John J. lives with his mother, stepfather, and two siblings, Cara, and Kim at the address above.

Parental Management Style: Currently, John’s parents demonstrate positive parental management by offering adequate structure, support, and supervision. John J’s parents received intensive in-home family counseling through Lutheran Social Services from MM/DD/YYY to MM/DD/YYYY. The family’s counselors indicate John J’s parents have made significant progress in improving their parenting skills demonstrated through decision making that is less impulsive, and disciplinary practices that incorporate both reward and punishment contingencies that are applied firmly and consistently. Their management style is generally very positive, particularly over the past 12 months.

Parental Management Style Risk & Needs Score = 0

6-4

Parental Mental Health: There is no history of a parental mental health disorder by either parent.

Parental Mental Health Needs Score = 0

Parental Substance Abuse: There is no parental substance abuse present. John’s mother reports her history is significant for alcohol abuse culminating in a serious automobile accident that nearly claimed the life of her and her children. After the accident she stopped drinking and has been abstinent ever since, a period exceeding ten years. John’s stepfather also had an extensive period of alcohol and drug abuse and was involved with the court as a result. Court ordered intervention helped him to stop drinking, and he has not consumed alcohol or used drugs for the past two years.

Parental Substance Abuse Needs Score = 0

History of Abuse and Neglect There is no official record or finding of probable cause documenting evidence of abuse or neglect in the family.

History of Abuse and Neglect Risk & Needs Score = 0

Parental Criminal History John’s stepfather was convicted and sentenced to 90 days in county jail for DUI 2nd.

Parental Criminal History Risk Score = 1

VII. Peers and Social Support

Peer Relationships John’s peer group has a strong negative influence on his behavior. There is strong indication that John’s peer group engages in gang related activities (carrying weapons, pattern of substance abuse), and have had frequent court contacts. Further, counselors at the Northwest Passage residential treatment center advised John’s parents that his peer group presented major risks to his safety and wellbeing.

Peer Relationships Risk & Needs Score = 2

6-5

Social Support John’s has a strong and stable social support system. He resides in a middle class neighborhood with families who demonstrate pro-social attitudes and the capacity to exert positive influences. Additionally, John’s history teacher has taken a special interest in his success and is working with John to keep him on track. John’s employer has also demonstrated a commitment to John’s future and has indicated an interest in his continuing employment.

Social Support Needs Score = 0

VIII. MO Juvenile Offender Risk/Needs Assessment and Classification Results (See Risk Assessment Report Attached)

The Missouri Offender Risk Scale assesses clients in terms of ten risk factors that research indicates are related to recidivism.

John J’s total Risk Score = 8. Relative to lower scoring clients, John is at High Risk for recidivating.

The Missouri Juvenile Offender Needs Scale identifies the specific treatment needs of the youthful offender, as well as the youth’s assets.

John J’s Needs Score = 8. Salient needs identified by this assessment include John’s behavior problem, generally uncooperative attitude, impaired interpersonal skills, potential for substance abuse, and strong negative peer influence.

John’s strengths include his ability to perform in the classroom and at his place of employment. In addition, John’s parents have taken a strong interest in their son over the past 12 months.

The Missouri Juvenile Offender Classification Matrix recommends the following sanctions be considered in cases that are High Risk, Class C Felonies:

Restitution Day Treatment Community Service Intensive Supervision Court Fees Court Residential Placement Supervision Commitment to DYS

6-6

VIV. Evaluation

John J. is a 16 year old male before the court on charges of felony assault. The Juvenile Court has adjudicated him on two prior occasions, once for Theft of a Weapon, the other for Burglary. He received Informal Adjustments on two other occasions for Underage Drinking and Burglary.

John J’s assets as identified by the MO Juvenile Offender Needs Scale include the ability to perform well academically, good physical health and mental stability, a demonstrated ability to maintain employment, and parents that are committed to the welfare of the juvenile.

Liabilities in John J’s case include an increasing level of severity of the cases for which he has been referred to the Court, a High Risk for recidivism as measured by the MO Juvenile Offender Risk Scale, the nature of the present case, John’s uncooperative attitude, limited role models outside his immediate family, impaired interpersonal skills, and strong negative peer influence that includes gang related activities.

X. Recommendation

Based on this evaluation, it is respectfully recommended that when John J. appears in Court on Sept 7, 1999, at 9:00 am, in Division V, he be placed in the custody and supervision of the Juvenile Officer for placement with his mother and stepfather, Samantha and Bob J., under the following conditions:

The juvenile is to meet with his supervising Deputy Juvenile Officer in the Intensive Supervision Program and attend all programs deemed appropriate by Officer.

The juvenile is to attend the Juvenile Officer’s Cognitive Solutions Program for interpersonal skill development and social cognitive problem solving.

The juvenile is to attend school daily unless excused by physician. The juvenile is to abide by a curfew established by his parents and the Deputy Juvenile Officer. The juvenile is to refrain from associating with Rico, Jeremy, Garth, and Curt.

Alternative Recommendation

Commitment to the Division of Youth Services

6-7

Risk Factors Needs Factors

Age at 1st Referral Risk Score = 0 (13)

Prior Referral Risk Score = 2 (5)

Assault Referral Risk Score = 2 (1)

Substance Abuse Risk Score = 1

History of Placement Risk Score = 1

School Behavior Risk Score = -1

Parental Management Style = 0

History of Abuse and Neglect Risk Score = 0

Parental Criminal History Risk Score = 1

Peer Relationships = 2

Total Risk Score = 8

Health/Handicap Needs Score = 0

Juv’s Parental Responsibility Needs Score = 0

Substance Abuse Needs Score = 1

Behavior Problem Needs Score = 4

Attitude Needs Score = 1

Interpersonal Skills Needs Score = 1

Mental Health Needs Score = 0

School Behavior Needs Score = -1

Learning Disorder Needs Score = 0

Academic Performance Needs Score = 0

Employment Needs Score = N/A

Parental Management Needs Style = 0

Parental Mental Health Needs Score = 0

Parental Substance Abuse Needs Score = 0

History of Abuse and Neglect Needs Score = 0

Peer Relationships Needs Score = 2

Total Needs Score = 8

6-8

IN THE CIRCUIT COURT STATE OF MISSOURI

FAMILY COURT - JUVENILE DIVISION

SOCIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY

IN THE INTEREST OF: DATE OF REPORT:

JOHN 2001

I. REASON FOR HEARING

Present Offense: On April 1, 2001 OSCA county deputy sheriff, G., charged John J. with a felony offense of Assault 2nd, Class C.

II. PREVIOUS POLICE AND/OR COURT HISTORY John has five previous referrals to the court. He was 14 at the time of his first referral. This is his first assault related offense.

III. PERSONAL HISTORY

Health/Handicaps: John is a healthy 16 year old male with no physical handicaps.

Juvenile’s Parental Responsibility: John has no biological children for whom he is responsible.

Behavior Problems: John displays the characteristics of a severe behavior problem.

Attitude: John demonstrates an uncooperative and defensive attitude.

Interpersonal Skills: John has moderately impaired interpersonal skills.

Mental Health: John does not have a diagnosed mental disorder.

Substance Abuse: John has a moderate substance abuse problem.

History of Placement: John has a previous out-of-home placement in a residential treatment center, Northwest Passage.

6-9

IV. School and Employment

School Behavior: John has no or only minor school behavior problems.

Learning Disorder: John does not have a diagnosed learning disorder.

Academic Performance: John is passing without difficulty.

Employment: John is employed part-time at restaurant.

V. FAMILY - John J. lives with his mother, stepfather, and two siblings.

Parental Management Style: John’s parents demonstrate positive parental management.

Parental Mental Health: There is no parental history of a mental health disorder.

Parental Substance Abuse: There is no parental substance abuse present.

History of Child Abuse or Neglect: There is no official record indicating a history of child abuse or neglect in the family.

Parents’ Criminal History: John’s stepfather served a 90-day sentence in county jail for felony DUI.

VI. PEERS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT

Peer Relationships: John’s peer group exerts a strong negative influence on his behavior.

Social Support: John’s social support system is limited but has one positive influence in his employer.

VII. MO JUVENILE OFFENDER RISK/NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND CLASSIFICATION

John J’s total Risk Score = 8. Relative to lower scoring clients, John is at High Risk for recidivating.

John J’s Needs Score = 8. Salient needs identified by this assessment include behavior problems, impaired interpersonal skills, the potential for substance abuse, and strong negative peer associations.

6-10

The Missouri Juvenile Offender Classification Matrix recommends the following sanctions be considered in cases that are High Risk, Class C Felonies:

Restitution Day Treatment Community Service Intensive Supervision Court Fees Court Residential Placement Supervision Commitment to DYS

VIII. Evaluation

Liabilities in John J’s case include an increasing level of severity of the cases for which he is referred to the Court, a High Risk for recidivism as measured by the MO Juvenile Offender Risk Scale, the nature of the present case, evidence of some substance abuse, limited role models outside of family, interpersonal skill deficits, and a strong negative peer influence that includes gang related activities.

VIV. Recommendation and Plan

The juvenile is to meet with his supervising Deputy Juvenile Officer in the Intensive Supervision Program and attend all programs deemed appropriate by Officer.

The juvenile is to attend the Juvenile Officer’s Cognitive Solutions Program for interpersonal skill development and social cognitive problem solving.

6-11

Risk Factors Needs Factors

Age at 1st Referral Risk Score = 0 (13)

Prior Referral Risk Score = 2 (5)

Assault Referral Risk Score = 2 (1)

Substance Abuse Risk Score = 1

History of Placement Risk Score = 1

School Behavior Risk Score = -1

Parental Management Style = 0

History of Abuse and Neglect Risk Score = 0

Parental Criminal History Risk Score = 1

Peer Relationships = 2

Total Risk Score = 8

Health/Handicap Needs Score = 0

Juv’s Parental Responsibility Needs Score = 0

Substance Abuse Needs Score = 1

Behavior Problem Needs Score = 4

Attitude Needs Score = 1

Interpersonal Skills Needs Score = 1

Mental Health Needs Score = 0

School Behavior Needs Score = -1

Learning Disorder Needs Score = 0

Academic Performance Needs Score = 0

Employment Needs Score = N/A

Parental Management Needs Style = 0

Parental Mental Health Needs Score = 0

Parental Substance Abuse Needs Score = 0

History of Abuse and Neglect Needs Score = 0

Peer Relationships Needs Score = 2

Total Needs Score = 8

6-12

IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE STATE OF MISSOURI

FAMILY COURT - JUVENILE DIVISION THE HONORABLE JUDGE

SOCIAL INVESTIGATION

IN THE INTEREST OF: DATE OF REPORT:

BIRTHDATE: CASE NUMBER:

CAUSE NO.:

DATE OF HEARING: DEPUTY JUVENILE OFFICER:

I. REASON FOR HEARING

Present Offense:

Offender Statement:

II. COLLATERAL CONTACT

Victim Statement:

III. PREVIOUS POLICE AND/OR COURT HISTORY

Date Age Offense Disposition

Age at 1st Referral = Age at 1st Referral Risk Score = Prior Number of Referrals = Prior Referral Risk Score = Prior Assault Referrals = Assault Referral Risk Score =

6-13

IV. PERSONAL HISTORY

Health/Handicaps:

Health/Handicaps Needs Score =

Juvenile’s Parental Responsibility:

Parental Responsibility Needs Score =

Behavior Problems:

Behavior Problems Needs Score =

Attitude:

Attitude Needs Score =

Interpersonal Skills:

Interpersonal Skills Needs Score =

Mental Health:

Mental Health Needs Score =

Substance Abuse:

Substance Abuse Risk Score = Substance Abuse Needs Score =

History of Placement:

History of Placement Risk Score =

6-14

V. SCHOOL/VOCATIONAL

School Behavior:

School Behavior Risk Score = School Behavior Needs Score =

Learning Disorder:

Learning Disorder Needs Score =

Academic Performance:

Academic Performance Needs Score =

Employment:

Employment Needs Score =

VI. FAMILY.

Parents: Home Phone: Siblings: Work Phone: Address:

Parental Management Style:

Parental Management Style Risk Score = Parental Management Style Needs Score =

Parental Mental Health:

Parental Mental Health Needs Score =

Parental Substance Abuse:

Parental Substance Abuse Needs Score =

6-15

History of Child Abuse or Neglect:

History of Child Abuse or Neglect Risk Score = History of Child Abuse or Neglect Needs Score =

Parents’ Criminal History:

Parents’ Criminal History Risk Score =

VII. PEERS/SOCIAL SUPPORT.

Peer Relationships:

Peer Relationships Risk Score = Peer Relationships Needs Score =

Social Support:

Social Support Needs Score =

VIII. MO JUVENILE OFFENDER RISK/NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND CLASSIFICATION REPORT (See Risk Assessment Report Attached)

The Missouri Offender Risk Scale assesses clients in terms of ten risk factors that research indicates are related to recidivism.

The Missouri Juvenile Offender Needs Scale identifies specific psychosocial treatment needs of the juvenile offender.

The Missouri Juvenile Offender Classification Matrix recommends the following sanctions be considered in cases that are High Risk, Class C Felonies:

6-16

VIV. EVALUATION

X. RECOMMENDATION AND PLAN

ALTERNATIVE RECOMMENDATION

6-17

(5c) Disposition Codes.pdf

Disposition Codes

- - Disposition
  - Disposition

2017 Risk Needs Form.pdf

Parental Management Style
Parental History of Incarceration

RISK SCORE:
8 & above = High Risk

Age at 1st Referral
16…………………………………….-2
Prior Referrals
Assault Referrals
History of Placement
Peer Relationships
History of Child Abuse
Substance Abuse
School Attendance/Disciplinary
TOTAL NEEDS SCORE:

Behavior Problems

Severe behavior problem 4
Attitude

Interpersonal Skills
Mental health disorder with no
treatment 4
Substance Abuse
School Attendance/Disciplinary
Parental Substance Abuse
Social Support System

Academic Performance

Learning Disorder
Employment
Juvenile’s Parental Responsibility