Writing the meta-analysis methodology section will add 2 pages (600 words), double spaced, not including the title page and reference page

EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON DECISION MAKING PROCESS Comment by Windows User: Good title page with the proper information. Please continue to now define and articulate a unique title for this research project that captures the essence of the problem under investigation. I will be watching for this…

Richard Hairston

GM 599-01 Applied Research Project

4/25//2018

Professor

Craig McCoy

Introduction Comment by Windows User: Thank you for using the suggested sub headings as identified in the grading rubric. Using this guidance will enhance the logical flow of your Applied Research Project. Please continue to study the rubric in each unit.

Leadership involves influencing other people to achieve organization goals. Nowadays the leadership styles and management practices adopted by any organization’s leaders has been paramount in determining the direction of the organization and influencing the success factors of the organization. Leadership is one of the key determinants of the success level of any organization. It therefore plays an essential role at the heart of the decision-making process influencing the styles applied and the effectiveness of the process. The manner and approach used in providing directions, delegating roles, implementing decisions and motivating staff influence the organization’s culture and affect the performance of the organizations.

The impact of the styles of leadership is felt both in small and large organizations. The level of participation and involvement of employees and other important stakeholders influences the results achieved in the organization and defines the direction of the particular organization towards its objectives.

Leaders are responsible for making decisions in the organization. They should do this under organized structures and process that are defined and laid out. The process adopted and structuring of the process of decision making impacts customer satisfaction, execution and the general effectiveness of the organization. Management should decide on what levels decision making takes place, how much input from other stakeholders is required and lay out a concrete roll out and implementation plan that defines the timelines and level of employee participation (Karina Nielsen, 2011). It is therefore important to carry out research linking leadership and

This research is essential as it establishes the link between the success of an organization and the role played by the leadership. This research will add on to previous research focusing on management practices and their impact on organization but will provide a unique perspective by examining how impacts of styles of leadership trickles down to the employees influencing the execution process of a decision and generating measurable impacts on the recipients of the decision, in this case, the students. Comment by Windows User: As you now inform the reader on the purpose of the applied research project, please reframe and focus on the fact that the applied research project will be investigating a real world organizational problem. What you will be doing is much more than just simply researching a topic.

Statement of the problem

This research paper is aimed at establishing the impact of various leadership styles on the decision-making process in a school. It focusses on a school setting comparing the management and leadership styles adopted and determining the success by focusing on the success indicators such as performance, employees’ satisfaction and discipline of the students. Great schools do not exist apart from great leaders. Many schools and education facilities face challenges of settling on the best administrative structures, bureaucratic systems and determining the appropriate levels of leniency and strictness in engagements with staff and students all the same. The complex nature of a school setting that facilitates close daily interaction between the business, its leaders, employees and clients (students) calls for the need of a system of leadership and decision making that caters for all involved stakeholders while taking into consideration the diverse and dynamic characteristics of the decision recipients. Comment by Windows User: Once again, this leadoff sentence needs to immediately advance verbiage that captures the essence of the problem that is being investigated. Could the problem be… Many organizations lack effective leadership training in decision-making. Please continue to think on this line as you develop stronger verbiage that articulates a specific organizational problem. As I mentioned in the unit 1 seminar, very often researchers will use verbiage such as: there is a lack of, something is missing, or there is some inability to perform a particular organizational function. Thank you and I'll be watching for this enhancement in your upcoming unit 2 version of the paper.

Research in this area of study has been conducted focusing on the correlation that exists between different school variables and the performance of these institutions (Hanushek, 1997) . Among these variables are recourses, teacher qualifications, diversity, racial tolerance and parental contribution (Melvin V.Borland, 1992) (Erick, 1981) (Darrow, 2003). These reports have established the importance of assessing these variables together as alone, they barely amount to an influence over the institution. However, the case of leadership is quite different. The relationship between a principal, the teachers is a heavy determinant on its own and has even more significance and influence on the school’s performance when assessed in conjunction with the trickle-down impact of the relationship between the staff(teachers) and students (Price, 2011). These relationships are determined by the management styles applied, whether democratic, inclusive, dictatorial, overly bureaucratic etc. (Garyl Yukl, 2009).

Intended Audience

This research will be of great help to individuals and institution who seek practical guidance in determining the level of leadership, structuring, hierarchy establishments and delegation levels to use in their organizations in order to adopt a work culture that is not too soft to allow misdemeanor and yet is not too bureaucratic to create fear and suppress or inhibit employee and other stakeholder’s contributions. It will help define relationships between leadership and various stakeholders while defining limits and codes of engagement which should be established to govern engagements and avoid overstepping beyond mandated levels (Kark, 2012). This research would find audience among both leaders and employees in all organization types as the general concepts and findings underlined by this research have a broader scope of application and can be adopted to any organization seeking to use the recommendations and suggestions of this research to evaluate its leadership and influence necessary changes. Comment by Windows User: Who might some of those individual groups be? Human resource personnel Existing organizational leaders people who would like to become leaders

Value to the audience

The reader of this research is bound to benefit from the widely researched empirical results that this research will arrived at. This research shall instill in the reader great knowledge of organizational structures and levels of leadership, expound on their appropriateness and reveal as experienced by the researcher first-hand, the appropriateness of each management leadership style contingent to the different environments and needs of the organization. Comment by Windows User: Some possible learning lesson identified in the Value to the Audience section. Please remember that this section can be expanded as you move the research process forward. Please keep expanding it a bit more.

Summary

Leadership is essential determinant of success for any organization. It is a component that acquires different forms depending on the uniqueness and the needs of the organization. It heavily affects the relationships that exist between different levels of employees in an organization and influences policy making and implementation process. (Chowdhury, 2014). It is paramount that an organization seeking success should adopt a style that is reflective of its needs and desired objectives of the organization (Suleman Sabir, 2011).

The research will indulge further on an analysis of existing literature covering the area of research and the specific problem inquiry linking leadership style, decision making and organization performance. This will be helpful in acquiring a better perspective of previous research done in the particular area of research covering different target audience and help one establish a basis and guide to data collection and analysis procedures. Comment by Windows User: The summary subheading section is also good place to reconnect to the problem and convince the reader that you are moving the research process forward. Additionally, the summary section is a good place to inform the reader on next steps in the research process. In other words, give them a heads up and set the stage for the next research component. Keep connecting back to the problem. Doing so will help reinforce in the mind of the reader that the research process is moving forward.

References CHOWDHURY, R. G. (2014). A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION AND COMMITMENT:. Navi Mumbai. Retrieved from http://www.dypatil.edu/schools/management/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/A-study-of-the-Impact-of-Leadership-Styles-on-Employee-Motivation-and-Commitment-An-empirical-study-of-selected-organisations-in-Corporate-sector-Rima-Chowdhury.pdf Cobb, A. K. (2002). Qualitative Research: What Does It Have to Offer to the Gerontologist? The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 57(04), 197-202. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/57.4.M197 Darrow, A.-A. (2003). Dealing with diversity: The inclusion of students with disabilities in music. Sempre, 21(01), 45-57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1321103X030210010401 Erick, H. (1981). Throwing money at schools. Journal of Political Analysis and Management. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/3324107 Garyl Yukl, M. O. (2009). Influence of leader behaviors on the leader‐member exchange relationship. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 24(04), 289-299. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940910952697 Hanushek, E. A. (1997). Assessing the Effects of School Resources on Student Performance: An Update. American Education Research Association Journal, 141-164. doi:https://doi.org/10.3102/01623737019002141 Karina Nielsen, R. R. (2011). The importance of employee participation and perceptions of changes in procedures in a teamworking intervention. Work and Stress, 91–111. doi:10.1080/02678373.2012.682721 Kark, R. (2012). Workplace Intimacy in Leader-Follower Relationships. Oxford handbook of positive organizational scholarship, 10(1093), 423-438. doi:9780199734610.013.0032 Melvin V.Borland, R. M. (1992). Student academic achievement and the degree of market concentration in education. Economics of Education Review, 11(01), 31-39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7757(92)90019-Y Price, H. E. (2011). Principal–Teacher Interactions - How Affective Relationships Shape Principal and Teacher Attitudes. UCEA, 48(01), 39-85. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X11417126 Suleman Sabir, M. A. (2011). Impact of leadership style on Organization commitment . Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 03(02), 145-152. Williams, C. (2007). Research Methods. Journal of Business & Economic Research, 05(03), 65-69. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/RANJI%20MAN/Downloads/2532-Article%20Text-10126-1-10-20110207%20(1).pdf

Comments:

Richard,

The Applied Research Paper is designed to investigate an organizational problem. Remember that your research is to have the main purpose of bringing forth greater understanding of the problem; keep connecting to the problem. Please review my comments within your paper and make appropriate adjustments and improvements as you move forward.

I look forward to reading your Unit 2 Applied Research Project in which you will be adding a new sub heading section called Meta-Analysis Methodology. You are off to a good start, but there is room for improvement. Please remember that this is an evolving and growing paper. Please use my comments and critique as a way to learn and make your paper better and stronger.

Prof. McCoy

You earned 86 out of 100 points (86%)