| 0 | research question | study design | sample size and method | independent variables and method | dependable variables and measures | results | general strengths | general weakness | overall summary | quality of study |
| Azarpazhooh, A., Lawrence, H. P., & Shah, P. S. (2016). Xylitol for preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age. Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (8). | To evaluate the efficacy and safety of xylitol for the prevention of acute myeloid leukemia (AOM) in children ages 12 and under | Meta-analysis - no reviews of any type allowed | Randomised controlled trials | Xylitol | acute myeloid Leukemia | In the initial systematic search, 1826 articles were found, with potentially eligible articles being retrieved in full text. The network meta - analysis (equivalent to 3 RCTs) with 3405 participants that met the inclusion criteria | A natural sweetener called xylitol has been shown to reduce the risk of tooth decay in products such as chewing gum, candy, toothpaste, and prescription medications over time. | There were only a few papers included in the meta-analysis, and the vast majority of those studies all came from the same study organization. | The administration of xylitol as a preventative measure to healthy children in childcare centers has been shown in studies of moderate quality to minimize the occurrence of AOM. | good |
| Ferreira, L. A., Grossmann, E., Januzzi, E., Gonçalves, R. T. R. F., Mares, F. A. G., Paula, M. V. Q. D., & Carvalho, A. C. P. (2015). Ear acupuncture therapy for masticatory myofascial and temporomandibular pain: a controlled clinical trial. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2015 | Is Ear Acupuncture Therapy for Masticatory Myofascial and Temporomandibular Pain, A Controlled Clinical Trial ? - this has nothing to do with ear infections, children, or chewing gum | clinical trial | 20 patience were randomized to 2 groups of 10 each | Ear acupuncture | pain sensation | In both groups, symptoms of muscle and joint pain decreased statistically significantly with therapy with either of the two well-established therapeutic approaches. | Adjunctive therapies like acupuncture can help patients improve their quality of life by reducing chronic symptoms. | Small sample size, long-term monitoring, comparison with a placebo control group, and post-treatment evaluation are the key issues that arise. | Ear acupuncture adjunct therapy has reduced muscle and joint TMD pain symptoms more quickly and dramatically than solitary occlusal therapy in short-term treatment. | fair |
| Rai, S., Koirala, K., & Sharma, V. (2013). Role of nasal decongestants in spontaneous healing of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation. Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, 5(1), 14-16 | To examine the role of nasal decongestants in the healing of tympanic membrane ruptures that result from trauma. - this also has nothing to do with your PICO | prospective studies | randomized study sample size 58 patientss divided into 2 groups | Traumatic Perforation | decongestants | On average, 51.7% of patients in our series had damage to their left side, while 32.8% of patients had damage to their right ear, and 15.5% of patients had injuries on both sides of their ears. This could be due to the fact that because the majority of people are right-handed and because the left ear was slapped as a result of slapping | Oral and nasal decongestants were found to aid in the creation of an environment conducive for the spontaneous repair of traumatic TM perforation in this study. | patients' eustachian tubes often become dysfunctional as a result of the common cold's rapid and repetitive weather changes in our region. | The likelihood of spontaneous healing of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations rises with regular use of nasal decongestants. | good |
| Ngo, C. C., Massa, H. M., Thornton, R. B., & Cripps, A. W. (2016). Predominant bacteria detected from the middle ear fluid of children experiencing otitis media: a systematic review. PloS one, 11(3), e0150949. | Are bacteria found in the middle ear fluid of children with Otitis Media? | meta-analysis | random sampling, | AOM/RAOM microbial etiology | ear infection | In the initial systematic search, 9617 articles were found, with 888 potentially eligible articles being retrieved in full text. The network meta - analysis includes 66 publications (equivalent to 126 RCTs) with 10483 participants that met the inclusion criteria. | Continuous monitoring of OM pathogens using proper detection technologies can aid in the development of better vaccinations to guard against the complex combination of otopathogens found in the middle ear. | The pathophysiology of this condition is poorly understood, making it difficult to create effective intervention options. | S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis have remained surprisingly consistent as the leading bacteria causative for OM locally within the middle ear of children over the world for the past 40 years. | good |
| Marom, T., Marchisio, P., Tamir, S. O., Torretta, S., Gavriel, H., & Esposito, S. (2016). Complementary and alternative medicine treatment options for otitis media: a systematic review. Medicine, 95(6). | what are the alternativ medicine treatment of ear infection? | prospective studies - this is also a review article | Randomized controlled trials sample were children | conventory and alternative medicine, medical therapies | otitis media | Alternative treatments for ear infection include probiotics, vitamin D supplementation, chiropractic, osteopathy, and acupuncture. | CAM makes an attempt to provide a customised approach to the sick child, taking into consideration the parents' previous experiences. | The value of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies in the treatment of Otitis media has not been established. | The medical profession no longer considers complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) a legitimate treatment option for OM because of the lack of scientific data backing it. | moderate |
| hyperkinks |
| https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0150949 | | | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0150950 |
| https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD007095.pub3/abstract?cookiesEnabled | | | https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD007095.pub3/abstract?cookiesEnabled | | | https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD007095.pub3/abstract?cookiesEnabled |
| https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2015/342507/ |
| https://sci-hub.se/10.3126/njenthns.v5i1.16854 |
| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4753897/ |
| PICO | Is chewing gum(I) effective in reducing pain(O) in children with ear infection(P) when compared to decongestants(C) |
| Database | googlescholar.com |
| keywords | Otitis media, Decongestanta, chewing gum,troumer perferation,ear acupuncture, pain sensation, Xylitol, Acute Myloid Leukemia |
Damoche
REVISEDLITERATUREREVIEWTABLE_Oloyede2.xlsx
