10 peer responses due in 12 hours

RESPOND TO FOUR STUDENTS

ROSIE’S POST:

“Positivist Approaches (Positivism) argues that the world exists independently of people perception of it and that science uses objective techniques to discover what exists in the world” (Monette, Sullivan, & DeJong, 2017) From a positivist approach, the healthcare systems in United States and the Canadian Healthcare systems  are different when providing healthcare. “Another important difference between positivists and interpretivists has to do with the role of science: Positivists argue that scientists merely discover what exists in the world, but some interpretivists claim that scientist actually help create social reality through their scientific work.” (Knorr, 1981) To exhibit this approach, by evaluating both healthcare systems and revealing the differences between the two.

The United States is viewed as having weaker healthcare system when providing healthcare to their citizens when the Canadian Healthcare has a universal healthcare plan that covers all. The government (Obamacare) in the United States provide healthcare for those who are poor and can’t afford healthcare for themselves and if a person can afford and can pay the premiums to pay for healthcare they have to buy healthcare through a private sector. The United States healthcare system put limits on which doctor you can visit and what doctor that may accept your insurance coverage plan. With the Canadian Healthcare system, they have a national healthcare system (NHI) that covers everyone which is universal and provides equal medical care to all. The taxes provides the healthcare for everyone and they do not have to pay a premium with unlimited access to any physician of their choice. The major difference between the two is the cost. American’s spent more than a Canadian in healthcare in which the US has no control over the cost and Canada can control the cost.

Knorr, K. (1981). The Manufacture of Knowledge: An Essay on the Constructivist and Contextual Nature of Science. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

Monette, D., Sullivan, T. & DeJong, C. (2017). Applied social research (9th ed.). Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu

CAMI’S POST:

Looking at the two approaches I would have to say that I would choose the positivist approach because those that adopt this stance often use specific methodologies like quantitative research (Monette, Sullivan and DeJong, 2017).  Quantitative research uses more of a survey type of research and bases the result on the numbers they get from the information they derive from the surveys.  Using this would be a good way to find out a comparison of the programs, how many people are benefitting from the use of the two programs and then that information could be broken down into a variety of figures and evidence-based charts showing which program offers the most benefits.  Positivists approach also sometimes uses a qualitative research formula that would use field observations and descriptions when needed (Monette et al, 2017).  I think using both types of research for this approach would open the ability to inspect both programs using a wide array of data formats.

 

Reference

Monette, D., Sullivan, T., & DeJong, C. (2017). Applied social research (9th ed.).  Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu

SHAWNTOBIA’S POST:

Scientific research relies on the application of methods such as the scientific method. The scientific method can be used to gain knowledge and solve problems while the research format is used to expand on what is discovered. According to Erol (2017) the scientific method should be neutral, objective, rational, and as a result, should be able to approve or disapprove the hypothesis. The research plan should include the procedure to obtain data and evaluate the variables. The importance of emphasizing the scientific method as a way to develop scientific research in order to achieve the objectives set is understood, increasing the rigor of research to give visibility to information that enables professional practices to be conscientious and within criteria that contribute to decision making on care based on validated scientific information (de Araújo Moraes, 2019). The research format analyzes the data collected from scientific research in a standard format that is technical, but general in language so that it can be communicated and understood by others. This format poses the research question, hypotheses, methods, analysis, and conclusions that resulted from methods such as the scientific method. These concepts both produce data from scientific research that can for example, deliver answers to questions, help one make decisions or recommend improvements to meet the needs of a population.

References

de Araújo Moraes, S. D. T. (2019). Scientific method and research in health: orientation for professional practice. Revista Brasileira de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento Humano, 29(1), 5–9. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.7322/jhgd.157742 (Links to an external site.)

Erol, A. (2017). How to Conduct Scientific Research? Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5491675/

JANICE’S POST:

Winston Churchill, the prime minister of Britain during World War II, is reported to have said that democracy is an imperfect form of government, but that it is far superior to all other forms.  Many scientists have similar views, they realize it is imperfect and limited, but they also recognize that it is far superior to other sources of knowledge for gaining an understanding of the world.  Science is emperical, systemic, search for causes, provisional, and it strives for objectivity.  The scientific method is viewed by scientists as preferable to other ways of gaining knowledge, because it is more likely to lead to an accurate knowledge of the world.  The research format analyzes the data that's collected.  It sometimes focuses on behavior that is unique or bizarre (Bourgors, Lettiere, & Quesada, 1997; Miller & Tewksbury, 2001; Polsky, 1967; Weinberg, 1968).  The research method includes the hypothesis, the research question, and conclusions.

Each of these venues is related in a way that they both have answers to questions, which gives you knowledge of the world around you.

References

Monette, D., Sullivan, T. & DeJong, C. (2017). Applied social research (9th ed.). Retrieved from

     https://content.ashford.edu (Links to an external site.)

The Office of Research Integrity (n.d.). Basic research concepts. Retrieved from

     http://ori.hhs.gov/education/products/sdsu/index.html (Links to an external site.)

 

EXAMPLE OF RESPONSE:

Hi Markayla,

You gave good descriptions of the scientific method and research format. As you stated, the scientific method has been guiding research for a long time. An important characteristic of the scientific method is that it provides a means of checking the accuracy or validity of assertions against factual evidence. These aspects are examples of why I believe it is the preferred method in research (Nagel, 1961 & Cohen and Nagel, 1934). Thoughts?

Reference

Ernest Nagel, The Structure of Science (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1961), pp,4 and 9; and Morris R, Cohen and Ernest Nagel, An Introduction to Logic and Scientific Method (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1934), p,192.