Research Paper
dhannu
ResearchProjectPresentation.pptxInteractive Visualization
Foundation, Applications and Techniques.
Introduction
Introduction
Why Visualization?
As the world over the time has seen rapid expansion in the usage of internet and other information mediums due to which world is experiencing serious urge in collecting observations everything that is happening around and inside its vicinity.
Introduction
Why Visualization?
Tools that were primitive initially are now updated to technologies to collect the data and world has advanced light years in collecting Data, Transforming Data and turn it into useful information
What is
Interactive Visualization?
Interactive visualization is explained by ware (2018) as a process made up of a number of interlocking feedback loops that fall into three broad classes.
At the lowest level is the data manipulation loop.
At the intermediate level is an exploration and navigation loop.
At the highest level is a problem-solving loop .
Three Feedback Loops
Data Manipulation Loop
In which objects are selected and moved using the basic skills of eye–hand coordination.
Exploration & Navigation
In which an analyst finds his or her way in a large visual data space.
As people explore a new town, they build a cognitive spatial model using key landmarks.
Problem Solving
In which the analyst forms hypotheses about the data and refines them through an augmented visualization process.
Foundation
Reasons for Emergence of
Interactive Visualization
Rapid increase in use of computers creates media, graphical objects which are not static anymore, but can be interactively manipulated and can change dynamically.
Because this new medium is computer-based, it is easily accessible and at low cost. The reason why interactive visualization has emerged as a discipline in the past few years is twofold.
Reasons for Emergence of
Interactive Visualization
On the one hand, personal computers have reached a level of performance that allow the use of graphics intensive software.
Standard screens have a resolution of 1 million pixels and enough color depth to display graphical objects in good quality.
Reasons for Emergence of
Interactive Visualization
Digitization of business processes on the other hand of automation of measurements .as well as the automation of measurements with increasing sensor bandwidth, leads to large amounts of data that serves as raw material for the gain of information and knowledge.
All the above mentioned reasons act as a catalyst for emergence of Interactive Visualization Systems
Techniques
The Cognitive System
Techniques
According to Ware (2018), interactive visualization can be considered an internal interface between human and computer components in a problem-solving system.
The Cognitive System
Techniques
We are all becoming cognitive cyborgs in the sense that a person with a computer-aided design program, access to the Internet, and other software tools is capable of problem-solving strategies that would be impossible for that person acting unaided.
Fig 1: Image from Ware (2018).
This figure illustrates the key components of an example cognitive system. On the human side, a critical component is visual working memory; we will be concerned especially with the constraints imposed by its low capacity.
Parallel Computing
Techniques
Stein & Kergommeaux, (1998) explains main characteristics of the Pajé interactive visualization environment are the possibilities to display and inspect the entities of parallel programs executing a potentially large number of threads.
Parallel Computing
Techniques
Visualizing a large number of threads raises a number of problems such as coping with the lack of space available on the screen to visualize them and understanding such a complex display.
Parallel Computing
Techniques
Pajé was designed to be interactive, scalable and extensible.
In contrast with passive visualization tools where parallel program entities, changes in processor states are displayed as soon as produced.
Pajé provides possibility to inspect all the objects displayed in the current screen and to move back in time, displaying past objects again.
Cognitive Computing
Techniques
Noel & Share.(2016), used CyGraph approach which is based on Cognitive Computing technique to explain how it can develop interactive visualization.
It is flexible and provides graph knowledge base attack vulnerability, threat indicators, and mission dependencies within a network.
Cognitive Computing
Techniques
CyGraph incorporates an attack graph model that maps the potential attack paths through a network. This includes any network attributes that potentially contribute to attack success, such as network topology, firewall rules, host configurations, and vulnerabilities.
Applications
Applications
Medical applications
Medical applications are driven by the fact that an increasing number of spatial and non-invasive imaging techniques have become available and routinely used for diagnostic applications, or to plan and guide surgery
Biochemistry
Biochemistry studies the structure and function of cellular components. Many of these are large and complex molecules (e.g. proteins, nucleic acids).
Geosciences
Geosciences utilizes Interactive visualization for climate modelling, be it in the profane form of weather forecasts on TV, all the way to simulations of complex climatic phenomena, or remote sensing data.
Fig 2: Image from
Brodbeck, Mazza & Lalanne. N. d.
Visualization of a human head from medical imaging data. Slicing, isosurface, and contouring algorithms are used to show the inside structures of the volumetric dataset.
Fig 3: Image from
Brodbeck, Mazza & Lalanne. N. d.
Visualization of a large molecule. Surface and volume rendering techniques are used in combination to show different aspects of the three-dimensional molecule structure.
Fig 4: Image from
Brodbeck, Mazza & Lalanne. N. d.
Visualization of sea surface temperature anomalies (colors), with red being warmer than normal and blue being colder than normal, and sea surface height anomalies as exaggerated heights; visualization by NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Scientific Visualization Studio.
Other Major Applications
Physics & Engineering
Physics and engineering, applies interactive visualization for computational fluid dynamics.
Industrial Design
Interactive Visualization is used to build multi dimensional architectural design and this field also uses same successful techniques.
Conclusion
Interactive Visualization is all about harnessing the perceptual and conceptual capabilities of a human to achieve statistical and conceptual outcomes in Research & Development of various fields.
Focus
References
Colin Ware. (2018). Information Visualization (Third Edition). https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/interactive-visualization
B. Stein, J. Chassin de Kergommeaux. (1998). Advances in Parallel Computing. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/interactive-visualization
S. Noel, M. Share. (2016), Handbook of Statistics. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/interactive-visualization
Dominique Brodbeck, Riccardo Mazza, Denis Lalanne. (n. d.), Interactive Visualization - A Survey. https://diuf.unifr.ch/people/lalanned/Articles/visualization-v05.pdf
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