Disaster Research
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ResearchPaperDraftDisasterClimatechange.docxResearch Paper Draft 5 pages
Title: Climate Change
Use the Outline below to write the paper.
Use the bibliography for resources that I have attached and add some extra if needed
Post a draft of your research paper for others to review. Post as much of it as you have done. Put your thesis statement in bold font. Indicate what citation style you are using. Make your initial post by mid-week to give folks time to review it.
Outline for climate change
I. Introduction
A. Climate change denotes to a long-term shift in temperatures and weather forms. It has been a huge issue for many years.
Significance of studying and understanding climate change
We must comprehend how the climate is changing for us to be able to prepare for the future.
B. Thesis statement:
The impact of climate change on the environment and society are widespread and severe, necessitating immediate action and international cooperation.
II. Causes of climate change
A. Greenhouse gas release from human activities
I. Burning of fossil oils and deforestation
This activity causes climate change through the generated power and heat by burning fossil oils sources a huge chunk of worldwide releases.
B. Natural elements prompting climate change
I. Solar radiation and volcanic actions
Main outbreaks affect the earth's radiative equilibrium since volcanic aerosol clouds engross terrestrial energy.
III. Proof of climate change
A. Temperature records and increasing global temperatures
Over the past century, temperature records have shown a clear rising trend.
B. Melting ice caps and glaciers
The melting of ice caps and glaciers is a global phenomenon. Even the Arctic sea ice, which has been melting at an unprecedented rate, is not immune.
C. Changing precipitation designs
Changes in precipitation patterns, brought on by climate change, are altering both the frequency and location of rainstorms.
D. Increased frequency and intensity of dangerous weather actions
Upsurges in both the occurrence and severity of dangerous weather occurrences have been related to climate change.
E. Shifts in ecosystems and species spreading
Because of climate change, ecosystems are changing and species ranges are shifting.
IV. Impacts of climate change
A. Environmental magnitudes
1. Increasing sea levels and coastal flooding
As a result of climate change, ice caps and glaciers are melting, which raises sea levels. The threat of floods and damage in coastal communities is growing as sea levels rise.
B. Socioeconomic effects
1. Agricultural Challenges and food security
Droughts and heat waves are only two examples of how agricultural output might be negatively impacted by climate change.
2. Water scarcity and resource battles
Water shortage is exacerbated by climate change, which has negative effects on the quantity and quality of freshwater in many parts of the world.
3. Human health risks and illness spread
The prevalence and locations of potential disease transmitters are shifted due to climate change.
V. Mitigation plans
A. Transitioning to renewable energy sources
I. Capitalizing on solar, wind and hydroelectric energy
We can Decrease our carbon footprint and save money by switching to renewable power sources like “solar, wind, and hydro.”
B. Decreasing greenhouse gas emissions
1. Realizing stricter regulations and strategies
Emissions from sources including energy production, transportation, industry, and agriculture can be reduced by the implementation of stricter national and municipal rules and policies.
C. Increasing carbon sinks and natural carbon sequestration
1. Forest conservation and reforestation initiatives
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may be removed and stored through forest conservation and replanting efforts.
VI. Challenges and Barricades to addressing climate change
A. Political and economic interests
The climate change problem is complicated by the tension between competing political and economic priorities.
B. Lack of public awareness and denialism
Many individuals may not completely grasp the complexity of climate change or the urgency with which it must be addressed.
C. Technological and infrastructural limitations
To slow global warming's destructive effects, we need to rapidly advance renewable energy technology, boost energy efficiency and perfect carbon capture and storage techniques.
VII. Conclusion
· I have stressed throughout this outline how crucial it is to do something about climate change.
· I have looked at major results and difficulties associated with studying “climate change.”
· Persons, governments, and administrations from all across the globe must work organized to combat climate change.
· Annotated Bibliography
· Crayton, M.-J., & Naher, N. (2023). Beyond Oil Spill Cleanup, Abandoned Infrastructures Affect the Environment Too – A case study of the Lived Experiences of the Niger Delta People. Public Works Management & Policy, 28(1), 70–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087724X221128824
· International oil spills in the Niger Delta have displaced many residents and created underused and abandoned houses. This study investigates how infrastructure decline affects rural Niger Delta populations’ living standards. This research uses a phenomenological case study to examine how oil extraction affects infrastructure in Nigeria’s Niger Delta. This research shows how corruption, poor governance, lack of transparency, laws, finances, resources, and education affect Niger Delta sustainability, development, and infrastructure. The study’s findings can be utilized to debate developing countries’ social and economic challenges with government officials, lawmakers, and environmental justice advocates.
· https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S092180091200448X
· Goulart, M. L. A., Loebens, L., Farias, R. H. B. de, Demarco, C. F., & Quadro, M. S. (2020). Oil spills: cases and consequences analysis. Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais, 12(1), 397–416. https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2021.001.0033
· Oil spills can devastate marine life, ecosystems, and humans. They jeopardize the public, environment, and companies’ legitimacy. This page categorizes the causes, effects, and consequences of recent major events in Brazil as well as worldwide. By studying these cases, we can learn to prevent or handle them better using cutting-edge cleaning procedures. This finding emphasizes the necessity of environmental surveillance in the oil business and supporting new technologies that seek alternate techniques, as it has become evident that in many spills, the real harm is suppressed to minimize public backlash. Cleaning contaminated water. Increased awareness is needed to improve working conditions as well as environmental protection.
· https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0272120
· Koehn, L. E., Nelson, L. K., Samhouri, J. F., Norman, K. C., Jacox, M. G., Cullen, A. C., Fiechter, J., Pozo Buil, M., & Levin, P. S. (2022). Social-ecological vulnerability of fishing communities to climate change: A U.S. West Coast case study. PloS One, 17(8), e0272120–e0272120. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272120
· According to this source, climate change is already affecting coastal communities, as well as future changes in fishing species productivity due to climate change will affect their livelihoods and culture. Harvesting aquatic creatures from the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem benefits West Coast towns economically, socially, and culturally. Ecological vulnerability analyses for California Current species have been done, but community sensitivity will vary. The authors provide a social-ecological vulnerability framework and automated, reproducible methodologies for measuring climate change risk in West Coast fishing communities. The integration of meteorological, ecological, economic, as well as societal data shows that susceptibility factors differ throughout U.S. West Coast fishing communities, highlighting the need for a range of well-aligned techniques to adapt to climate change’s ecological repercussions.
· https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.951245/full
· Okeke-Ogbuafor, N., Taylor, A., Dougill, A., Stead, S., & Gray, T. (2022). Alleviating impacts of climate change on fishing communities using weather information to improve fishers’ resilience. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.951245
· This study helps us evaluate climate change adaptation initiatives for West African subsistence fishermen as well as their families. West African artisanal fishers are increasingly affected by climate change. Overfishing has depleted fish stocks, yet long-term, pro-poor measures can help artisanal fishers. One possibility is improving weather reports. 80 semi-structured interviews in Senegal, Ghana, as well as Nigeria in 2021 and 2022 examine claims that artisanal and secondary fishers in West Africa can better adapt livelihoods as well as food security to climate change. This study contradicts climate change mitigation efforts.
· https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/248/article/590758
· Shrubsole, G. (2015). All that is solid melts into air: climate change and neoliberalism. Soundings (London, England), 59(59), 115–128. https://doi.org/10.3898/136266215814890486
· Guy Shrubsole examines how the neoliberal global warming denialist argument has evolved from questioning global warming research or railing against renewable energy costs. They now believe that we can only adapt to climate change. Human cultures adapt well, therefore this is reassuring. This article debunks the emerging global warming neoliberal consensus. It begins by criticizing recent neoliberal perspectives on climate change, particularly in relation to current greatly increased flooding, before turning to conservative, green, as well as social democrat responses to environmental change. It offers a new consensus and political system to mitigate climate change.
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