Order 695001: Consequences of Teasing and Bullying in Middle Childhood

Psyc 200 OLH Developmental Psychology

Final Research Paper Requirements Papers may be turned in early. NO late papers accepted -see course agenda for due date

A major goal of this course is the development of effective research writing skills. You are required to prepare a research paper based upon selecting one of the topics below in the study of human development across the lifespan.

You are required to select a topic from the list below based on material covered in this course to study and write a research paper from Developmental sciences in the field of Psychology. Develop your research from basic issues of the life span perspective from the womb to the tomb, continuous or discontinuous development, from biological or environmental influences, or those influences that are multidirectional and/or multidimensional. Select one of the topic below and develop a problems statement to direct your research.

Select one topic below:

1. Genetic and Environmental Vulnerability to Teratogens

2. Sleep Habits and Problems that Effect Early Childhood

3. Consequences of Teasing and Bullying in Middle Childhood

4. Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

5. Relationship between Age, Hormones, and Cognitive Functioning in Middle- age Adults

6. Cigarette Smoking and Risk for Cognitive Decline in Late Adulthood

7. Age-Related Change in Number of Social Partners (Closeness) in Late Adulthood

Instructions for Writing Research Paper This assignment requires that you research one of the selected topics above and write a

comprehensive research paper following APA style guidelines. List of criteria for completing this assignment is below:

1. From the selected topic from the list, develop a research plan to guide your study on the development psychology topic.

2. Search for peer-reviewed journal articles through Canada Library online databases that support or provide studies on the topic

3. Develop a problem statement for the selected topic.

4. Develop a statement why this research is important or its purpose to understanding developmental Psychology

5. Find studies that are peer-reviewed and other sources to support or strengthen your problem statement.

6. Research paper will be 4 to 6 written pages which does not include the title page and reference page in APA-style format, double-spaced, and in 12 point font (Times New Roman, Times or Courier) with 1 inch margins on all sides. To watch a video on APA style formatting click on this link http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- hsjE26fxTY&feature=related

7. A minimum of three peer-reviewed journal articles sources are required; however, you can use as many sources to support your research as needed. Every source cited in the paper must be included on the reference page. Also, include attachments in PDF format of the journal articles you used in writting this assignment.

(1) A link to Canada College Library “Research Guide” is provided to assist you: http://canadacollege.net/library/web/research.html .

(2) To understand what peer-reviewed or scholarly journal articles are click on this link from CSU Cal Poly Robert Lee Kennedy Library: http://lib.calpoly.edu/research/guides/peer.html

(3) Remember any author’s work cited in your paper whether from a peer-reviewed journal article, newspaper/newsletter/magazine, televisions broadcast, government or association’s document or report source, that source must be included on the reference page.

8. Your research paper must contain the following sections:

(1) An introduction to your research paper that will include one of the following statements. a) Thesis statement- A thesis statement is a sentence that makes an assertion about a topic

and predicts how the topic will be developed. It does not simply announce a topic: it says something about the topic.

b) Purpose statement- A purpose statement announces the purpose, scope, and direction of the paper. It tells the reader what to expect in a paper and what the specific focus will be.

c) Problem statement- the problem statement provides the context for the research study and typically generates questions which the research hopes to answer. The statement of the problem is the first part of the paper to be read and should "hook" the reader and establish a persuasive context for what follows. Your need to clearly answer the question: "What is the problem"? and “why is this problem worth my attention'? At the same time, the problem statement limits scope by focusing on some variables and not others. I also provide an opportunity for you to demonstrate why these variables are important.

(2) A clear focus to the topic of the paper.

(3) An organized body of the paper with strong points that summarize, analyze, explain, and evaluate published work rather than reporting it that supports the focus of your research.

(4) A conclusion that summarizes your argument of the topic, explains the significance of your findings, and may suggest what about this topic needs further research.

9. Additional requirements for the research paper:

(1)

(2)

Paper must have a separate title page in APA style format (click link for example http://www.chaffey.edu/writingctr/APASamplePaper.pdf Paper must have a separate reference page in APA style format (click link for example http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/05/ )

10. Your finished paper is to be saved and uploaded as a Word doc, docx, or rft file (no other format will be accepted) to Canvas. Your research paper file must be titled using your last name only. Papers that are uploaded in a file format other than those required will receive not credit.

All papers will be submitted to TURNITIN.COM by the professor

NO PAPER WILL BE ACCEPTED LATE (see course agenda for due date). IF YOU UPLOAD YOUR PAPER INCORRECTLY ( NOT IN APA STYLE FORMAT, OR IT IS NOT A WORD DOC (OR PDF) FILE, OR AFTER THE DEADLINE IT WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED)

Why APA style? Like all documentation styles, APA style provides a standard system for giving credit to others for their

contribution to your work. It's what we call a "parenthetical" documentation style, meaning that citations to original sources appear in your text. This allows the reader to see immediately where your information comes from, and it saves you the trouble of having to make footnotes or endnotes.

The APA style calls for three kinds of information to be included in in-text citations. The author's last name and the work's date of publication must always appear, and these items must match exactly the corresponding entry in the references list. The third kind of information, the page number, appears only in a citation to a direct quotation.

The APA style includes guidelines for the formatting of documents. The most important aspects of these guidelines for most academic writing are the formatting of the reference list and headings. If you are preparing a paper for a class assignment rather than a paper to be published for a professional journal, you are in a sense publishing it yourself. Therefore, according to APA, you may relax the APA's rules in some cases. Provided below are links to several websites that will assist in completing a research paper.

APA Formatting and Style The OWL at Purdue University offers a website that has free writing help. This website summarizes the writing process using APA formatting and other style guides for students to follow when writing essays and research papers. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/

APA Citations In-text (parenthetical) citation, refers to recognizing other sources, you MUST cite these sources properly in your paper. For tips on how to use in-text citations, click on this link below. The LEO website provides useful information and examples for the various ways to cite author (s) works. http://leo.stcloudstate.edu/research/apaintext.html Failure to do so could result in charges of plagiarism by your instructor. Internet sources are cited differently than journals and books. The OWL at Purdue University offers a website that has guidelines for students to follow when using in-text citations.

Reference page Listing citations on the reference page follows specific APA style formatting. LEO website provides a guideline for formatting the reference page. Click on the link to access the website. http://leo.stcloudstate.edu/research/apaguidline.html

Frequently Asked Questions about APA style During the course of your studies, you may have been expected to use a specific writing style to complete a writing assignment. In the social science discipline, APA is the writing style required. For those who have questions about APA style, the APA organization website has answers for your questions. Click below to access the APA website. http://www.apastyle.org/faqs.html

Sample of a Research Paper Diane Hacker provides a sample research paper in a PDF file available for download. You must have Abode Acrobat Reader to download and open this file. http://dianahacker.com/pdfs/Hacker-Mira-APA- RD4.pdf

Writing Style requirements:

The Final Research paper must be written in APA style. A guideline for writing in APA style is linked below, as well as other links with instructions for using APA style format writing. Also provided is a checklist with specifics using APA style in writing college papers. Please review these websites and the APA checklist to make sure you understand how to prepare a title page, indentation and page formatting, in texts citations, and how to format a reference. Late submission of the final research paper will NOT BE ACCEPTED.

A link to “Academic Writing” is below. Click Here!

Electronic References in APA http://apastyle.apa.org

APA Style Resources http://www.psywww.com/resource/apacrib.htm

Canada College Library offers many resources to assist students with finding peer reviewed journal articles and offers links to various style guides including APA style. Once you have entered the Library home page, go to the menu bar and click on “FIND ARTICLES” and “RESEARCH TOOLS” to assist you to complete this assignment. Click on the link below to access Canada Library Online.

http://canadacollege.net/library/index.php#PLSarticles-tab

If you have problems with your assignment, please email me; I will offer you suggestions. Or you can speak to a staff person in Canada Library. Here is a link for the library staff contact information: http://www.canadacollege.edu/library/contactus.php

APA Checklist The APA Publication Manual 5th Edition contains guidelines for three aspects of an APA paper:

1) Page formatting 2) Writing skills and mechanics 3) References and citations

This material will serve as a checklist for those three areas of the APA guidelines. Be aware that this checklist does not replace the need to study the APA Publication Manual. You can find a copy in the college library.

For the purposes of this assignment, follow all items that are highlighted in RED. Page Formatting

 Margins are one inch on all four sides using left alignment (uneven right margins)  Double space the paper throughout (including title page, block quotes, and references)  Use 12-point Times Roman or Courier font typefaces only  Page header: Use the headers & footers feature of Word to create the page headers. Type

the first two or three words of the paper title, five spaces, and the page number right aligned. The page header is to be on ALL pages including the title page

 Indent each paragraph’s first line 5-7 spaces (one-half inch)  Do not divide words or hyphenate at the end of the line.  Do not use one-sentence paragraphs or lengthy paragraphs.  Turn on widow and orphan protection in your word processor.  Title Page:

o Requires the page header as page number one o Title--upper and lower case, centered on page o Author(s)--upper and lower case, centered on the line following the title.

Remember you are the author of the paper. o Name of university (upper and lower case, centered on the line following the

author) o May contain other items as required by the instructor. o May also contain a Running head if required by the instructor. The Running head is

typed flush left with the words Running head: followed by the short title in ALL UPPERCASE (use only main words, not to exceed 50 characters) Note that “Running” is capitalized but “head” is not.

 Abstract: NOT required for this assignment o Needed if the paper is over eight pages in length or required by the instructor o Begins on a new page (page 2) o The heading “Abstract” is centered on the first line o The abstract should not exceed 120 words o The first line is not indented.

 Body of the paper: o Begins on a new page (page 2) o Title of the paper (in upper and lowercase) is centered on the first line. o The first paragraph is the introduction (which is not to be labeled) o Headings for each section other than the introduction, are centered (upper and

lowercase) for papers of 2-8 pages. For longer papers (or complex papers), refer to the APA Publication Manual for heading hierarchy.

 References: Refer to the section below on references and citations.  Other sections of an APA paper, in order of their appearance, are appendixes, footnotes,

tables, and figures. (Font for description of figures should be Sans Serif such as Arial). APA papers do not use a table of contents or a bibliography.

Writing Skills & Mechanics  Use only one space after punctuation.  Use no space before or after a hyphen. Type a dash as two hyphens (--) with no space before

or after the hyphens.  Use a comma before the conjunction in a series of three or more items.  Place periods and commas within the closing quotation marks.  Spell out all but common abbreviations the first time they are used.  Spell out numbers less than ten. In the References page, use Arabic numbers even though

the original source may have used Roman numerals.  Capitalize the first word after a colon.  Use italics for titles of books, journals, and the first time a key word is introduced/used.

 Use active voice when possible; use of passive voice is allowed  Do not use bullets or boldface  Avoid wordiness; be concise and precise; say exactly what you mean; do not add flowery

adjectives to scholarly writing  Avoid the use of the editorial “we”  Use third person unless otherwise indicated by the assignment or instructor.  That vs. which: That clauses are restrictive; whereas, which clauses are nonrestrictive and

require a comma  That vs. who: That is used with animals and things; who is used with humans  Capitalize Web and Internet. Use Web page (two words) and Web site (two words) in

formal writing. These rules are from the World Wide Web Consortium and have been accepted by APA style guidelines.

 Do not use contractions  Avoid gender bias; do not use he/she or s/he combinations. Where possible, rewrite the

sentence to avoid the need for he or she. You can often change the subject to a plural subject which accepts they and their without gender bias.

Citations & References  In-text citations:

o For quotations of less than 40 words, place quote marks before and after o For quotations of 40 words or more, do not use quotation marks. Instead, block

indent the quotation one-half inch from the left margin. o If the names of the authors are part of the sentence structure, the year of

publication & page appear in parenthesis following the authors’ last names. o If the names of the authors are not part of the sentence structure, the authors’

last names, the year, and page number follow the quotation in parenthesis. The quotation ends with quotation marks, one space, the opening parenthesis, the author(s) name(s), a comma and one space, the year of publication, the closing parenthesis, then the period or other punctuation at the end of the quotation.

o Citations do not need to be repeated until a different author's name is used; only the page number of the reference needs to be used. Use the ampersand (&) with multiple authors.

o With two authors for the source, include both authors’ names each time the source is cited. With three to five authors, use all authors’ name the first time the source is cited, then use the first author and “et al.” each following time. With six or more authors, use the first author and “et al.” each time the source is cited.

o When it is necessary to cite a quoted source, use the original author’s name followed by (as cited in author, year).

o For personal communication include initials and surname followed by (personal communication, full date). Personal communication is only cited in the body of the paper; it is not listed on the References page.

 The References Page: o Begins on a new page after the end of the body of the paper o The word References (in upper and lowercase) is centered on the first line. o The references are double spaced and formatted in hanging indent. o Entries are organized alphabetically by last names of author(s). o Personal communications are not listed on the References page o Refer to the APA Publication Manual for exceptions and special references.

o Titles of books, titles of chapters in books, and titles of journal articles are not capitalized—only capitalize the first word and any proper nouns. Each significant word in the title of journals is capitalized.

o Most references have three parts, each ending with a period:  Authors and date. List the author’s last name, a comma and space, the

initial(s) of the author, a space (no comma), the year of publication in parenthesis. End with a period.

 Title of work. Titles of chapters in books or of articles in journals should not be italicized. Only the first word and any proper nouns are capitalized. The title of the chapter of a book is written first, followed by a comma & space, then the title of the book or journal. End with a period. Titles of books should be in italics (not underlined) but only the first word and any proper nouns are capitalized--rest of the title is written in all lowercase.

 Source of the reference. For books, list the city of publication, a colon and one space, the publisher. For journals, list the name of the journal in italics (not underlined) with all significant words capitalized, a comma, one space, the volume number (in Arabic numerals), a comma, one space, the pages of the article, and a period. For Web pages that are not online journals, type Retrieved, the full date of retrieval, a comma and space, the word from, the title of the Web site (if known), a colon after a Web site name or a comma after the date if Web site name is not known, then the URL address of the site. Do not end a URL with a period.

Students using Gale Thomson, JStore or any other online database may use the Citation Machine to follow when writing a reference. However, make sure it lists the author’s name correctly.

Example of a chapter in a book: Morris, J. (2003). Title of chapter in the book, The title of the book. Boston: Publisher.

Example of an article in a journal: Morris, J. (2003). Title of the journal article. The Title of the Journal, 123, 67-70.

Example of a Web site, author and date known: Morris, J. (2003). Title of the Web page from the title bar in IE. Retrieved January 31, 2010, The

Name of the Web Site: http://www.domain.com