Revise my AFR Country Research essay

Republic of the Congo

For my country researching project, I am investigating the Republic of the Congo, also known as Congo-Brazzaville. I think Africa is a mysterious and attractive country, and I hope this project can help me build deep understandings of Africa. Republic of the Congo is a country located astride the Equator in west-central Africa. Prior to colonial rule, the country was named Belgian Congo (1908–60). “ Congo as a whole is sparsely inhabited, with more than half of its population living in the cities. The most populous city is the capital, Brazzaville, which is located in the southeastern corner of the country and is a major inland port on the Congo River.” (Cordell 2021) There are indeed two countries in the world called "Congo", these two countries are both on the African continent, and the two countries are separated by the Congo River, one is called "Democratic Republic of Congo", the other is called "Republic of Congo", the Democratic Republic of Congo is the so-called "DRC", and the Republic of the Congo is the so-called “Congo-Brazzaville”.

In the 13th century, the two countries belonged to the same kingdom, called the Kingdom of Congo. At that time, the Kingdom of Congo was a big country in Africa and was extremely influential in Africa. In the 17th century, due to the discovery of the new continent, it was also accompanied by colonial arrival. After Western countries came to Africa, they saw the world’s largest basin "Congo Basin", and then they wanted to turn it into their own territory. So in the end, the territory of the Congo and the northwest was occupied by France, and the territory of the southwest was occupied by Belgium. It was not until the 1960s that the National War of Independence broke out in Africa. Many people in the colonies rose up to resist and then driven out the colonists. Therefore, the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Republic of Congo were independent from each other during this independence war movement, but after independence, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo did not merge into one country, because the two regimes did not want to let it go, and both wanted to rule the whole Congo, but the reason why the name "Congo" is retained as the country's name is because they believe in "Congo", so they have been quoted.

It was decided to establish the United Nations Mission in the Congo (MOUNSCO) and send a peacekeeping force to Congo. On January 16, 2001, Lo Kabila was assassinated and his son Joseph Kabila succeeded him as president. After Joseph Kabila became President, under the vigorous promotion of the international community, the peace process in Congo was restarted and the major progress was made. Foreign troops withdrew one after another. The deployment of MONUSCO in Congo was generally progressing smoothly. In April 2003, the Congolese government and the various factions in the country reached an agreement on the distribution of power during the transition period, and then signed the "Comprehensive Inclusive Agreement" and the "Transitional Constitution", and formed a transitional government in June, with Kabila as the president of the transition period. 2005 In December 2015, the "New Constitution" was passed in a referendum. In July and October 2006, Kabila was elected just after the presidential election was held. In April 2009, the ruling party striving for reconstruction and the general secretary of the Democratic People’s Party Évariste Boshab was elected speaker. In November 2011, just after the presidential election, Kabila won 48.95% of the votes and was sworn in on December 20. In October 2013, a national consultation meeting had just been convened and it was decided to establish a national unity government composed of the presidential majority, opposition and civil society.

References:

Republic of the Congo. (2021, January 31). Retrieved February 22, 2021, from https://www.britannica.com/place/Republic-of-the-Congo

Meditz, S. W. (1994). Zaire: A country study. Washington, DC: Supt. of Docs., US Gov. Print. Off.

ENGLEBERT, P. (2016). (Rep.). Atlantic Council. Retrieved February 22, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep03462

Boisselet, P., & Kinshasa, I. (2019, October 08). Life after Power: Joseph Kabila, the gentleman farmer. Retrieved February 22, 2021, from https://www.theafricareport.com/16785/life-after-power-joseph-kabila-the-gentleman-farmer/

DR Congo: Chronology. (2020, October 28). Retrieved February 22, 2021, from https://www.hrw.org/news/2009/08/21/dr-congo-chronology#

Republic of congo. (n.d.). Retrieved February 22, 2021, from https://www.sahistory.org.za/place/republic-congo

Timeline: Congo history and the DRC crisis, explained. (n.d.). Retrieved February 22, 2021, from https://www.concernusa.org/story/congo-crisis-drc-timeline/