Benchmark - Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management
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Christelle Pierre-louis
Bullying in Nursing.doc
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Running head: EFFECTIVE APPROACHES IN LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT 1
EFFECTIVE APPROACHES IN LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT 2
Benchmark - Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management
Bullying is a common issue in the nursing practice and it negatively impacts the
profession and the performance of nurses. Both nurse leaders and managers use different
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Student: Submitted to Grand Canyon University
Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management
Christelle Pierre-Louis
Grand Canyon University- NRS-451VN
November 29, 2020
approaches to address this issue. This paper describes the different approaches used by nurse
leaders and managers as they attempt to address the issue of bullying.
Bullying is a problem that is systematic and pervasive in nature. The problem starts well
even before enrolling in the nursing school and continues throughout the career of a nurse
(Longo & Hain, 2014). The nurses who are more likely to experience bullying acts are those
working in the emergency department (Longo & Hain, 2014). This is due a lot job stressors and
demands. Research shows that many nurses quit their first job due to acts of bullying. Bullying
results in several negative outcomes (Castronovo, Pullizzi & Evans, 2016). Firstly, bullying
creates an unfavorable working environment. Secondly, bullying leads to a rise in the number of
risks exposed to patients. Thirdly, bullying lowers the level of satisfaction of patients. This is as
per scores of hospital consumer assessment of healthcare providers and systems (HCAHPS).
Finally, bullying leads to higher rate of nurse turnover. Nurse turnover costs an average hospital
in the US between $5 and $8 million yearly (Castronovo, Pullizzi & Evans, 2016).
Bullying negatively impacts both the quality of care and patient safety. The acts of
bullying inhibit teamwork, obstructs communication, and delays implementation of new
evidence-based practices (Houck & Colbert, 2017). The acts of bullying are also negatively
affects the nurse’ ability to focus on a patient and think critically and clearly. This is due to the
fact that bullying causes depression, anxiety, and fatigue among nurses. This is likely to result in
increased incidences of medical errors that will compromises patient safety. Additionally,
bullying lowers both the morale and self-esteem of nurses hence increasing absenteeism cases
EFFECTIVE APPROACHES IN LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT 3
and nurse turnover of qualified nursing personnel. The result will be significant reduction in the
performance and productivity of nurses hence lowering the quality of care (Al Omar, Salam &
Al-Surimi, 2019; Schoville & Aebersold, 2020).
Professional nursing practice standards should be demonstrated in this situation to help
rectify the issue (bullying). The professional standards of nursing practice stipulates how nurses
should conduct themselves in the line of duty. According to the professional standards of nursing
practice, nurses should always act professionally. By doing so, they will avoid engaging in
unprofessional acts such as bullying. The professional standards of nursing practice, therefore,
discourages unprofessional conduct that results in nursing staff engaging in acts of bullying.
Nurses who do not adhere to the laid down professional standards of nursing practice by
engaging in acts of bullying usually face full consequences such as being fired, license being
revoked, suspension, fines, etc. The issue of bullying can thus be rectified by strictly adhering to
the laid down professional standards of nursing practice.
The roles of nursing leaders and nursing managers might differ when addressing
bullying. However, both nurse managers and nurse leaders have a common objective of
preventing and reducing the acts of bullying. Nurse leaders and nurse managers, therefore, take
different approaches to address the problem of bullying and enhance patient safety and quality
care. For nurse managers, they should address the problem of bullying by acknowledging the
existence of the problem. By doing so, they will raise awareness and come up with effective
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measures to prevent acts of bullying. For instance, nurse mangers might consider imposing
heavy fines and penalties on nurses who engage in acts of bullying. Nurse Managers should also
carry out a root cause analysis of the issue. By doing so, nurse mangers identify the root causes
of the issue (bullying). After identifying the root causes of bullying, nurse managers come up
EFFECTIVE APPROACHES IN LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT 4
with ways of preventing bullying acts. For instance, nurse managers enforcing strong anti-
bullying policy. Nurse Managers should also develop a robust incidents reporting system that can
be used to report bullying incidents. This is meant to ensure that all bullying incidents are
reported.
The first approach taken by nurse leaders to address bullying is formulating anti-bullying
policies and ensuring that they are successfully implemented. The second approach taken by
nurse leaders is developing training programs for nurses. The training programs should cover
several areas that include anger management, conflict management, and communication skills.
Nurse leaders can also opt to engage in advocacy campaign. They should advocate for passing of
legislation that criminalizes acts of bullying. Finally, nurse leaders should be at the forefront in
establishing a bullying-free environment.
Professionalism is one of the core values of nursing profession. Professionalism will help
address bullying. Bullying acts are an indication of unprofessional conduct and behavior. There
are many other additional aspects that nurse managers and nurse leaders would need to initiate to
ensure professionalism while at the same time effectively addressing bullying. Firstly, they
should lay emphasis on the significance of upholding professionalism at all times. Secondly, they
should ensure that they include a clause about professionalism in employment contracts of
employees. This will keep employees on toes since they will conduct themselves professionally
at all times to avoid breaching the terms of their contracts. Thirdly, both nurse leaders and
managers should be role models by conducting themselves professionally all the time. Nurses
should be held accountable of their acts. Unprofessional conduct and behavior should not be
tolerated. Finally, nurse leaders and managers should provide each nurse with a nursing
EFFECTIVE APPROACHES IN LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT 5
profession handbook. The handbook describes the accepted code of conduct and behavior of all
nurses.
Servant leadership is the best leadership style to address bullying. This particular
leadership style could, therefore, be successful in this setting. A servant leader knows how to
approach bullying in a very articulate way. For instance, servant leaders usually humbles
themselves hence able to handle the issue very well. The results of various empirical research
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Date: 01-Sep-2020
studies have established a strong correlation between servant leadership style and reduced
incidents of bullying among the healthcare staff. Most of the nurse leaders who have been able to
successfully addressed bullying have always exhibited the characteristics of servant leadership
style. Nurse leaders should, therefore, adopt a servant leadership style when addressing the
problem of bullying.
Conclusion
Bullying has adverse and detrimental effects on the nursing profession. Bullying results
in low quality of care and increased patient risks. Nurses should act professionally at all times
when on duty. This will reduce the incidents of bullying at workplace. Despite the different
approaches taken by nurse leaders and nurse managers to address bullying, they have a common
objective of preventing and eliminating bullying. Both nurse leaders and nurse managers should,
therefore, work together hand in hand to establish a bullying-free environment. The combination
of education, legislation, practical support and institutional policy can help create a bullying-free
environment. A reduction in the incidents of bullying is likely to result in improved quality of
care and enhanced patient safety. Servant leadership style is of great essence when solving the
issue of bullying. This is because it has been found out that servant leaders have been able to
successfully address bullying in their healthcare organizations.
EFFECTIVE APPROACHES IN LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT 6
References
Al Omar, M., Salam, M., & Al-Surimi, K. (2019). Workplace bullying and its impact on the
quality of healthcare and patient safety. Human resources for health, 17(1), 89.
Castronovo, M. A., Pullizzi, A., & Evans, S. (2016). Nurse bullying: A review and a proposed
solution. Nursing outlook, 64(3), 208-214.
Edmonson, C., & Zelonka, C. (2019). Our own worst enemies: the nurse bullying epidemic.
Nursing administration quarterly, 43(3), 274.
Houck, N. M., & Colbert, A. M. (2017). Patient safety and workplace bullying: An integrative
review. Journal of nursing care quality, 32(2), 164-171.
Longo, J., & Hain, D. (2014). Bullying: a hidden threat to patient safety. Nephrology Nursing
Journal, 41(2).
Schoville, R., & Aebersold, M. (2020). How Workplace Bullying and Incivility Impacts Patient
Safety: A Qualitative Simulation Study Using BSN Students. Clinical Simulation in
Nursing.
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