Replies for peers. Need ONE Response Per Each Discussion Total 2 Responses. Attached Are The Discussions And Rubric Please Follow Them. Posts Will Be A Minimum Of 100 Words, APA Format.One Reference Per Each Discussion

Yanay Lara Corrales 

 

 

Adult Depression 

The health belief model is the most suitable model for health promotion for the adult depression problem. A health belief model is a psychological approach that explains and predicts health-related behaviors. It posits that individuals will take action to protect themselves from health threats if they believe that those threats are real and that they are personally vulnerable to them (Borghi & Fini, 2019). The model also suggests that people are likely to take action if they believe the benefits outweigh the costs. The health belief model predicts various health-related behaviors, including seatbelt use, sunscreen use, and getting vaccinated. It has also been used to understand why some people cannot take action to protect themselves from health threats, such as not getting a flu shot. The model also examines how individuals believe they can control their health problems through actions; this is important for health promotion initiatives as it helps to target interventions at those most at risk of the health problem.

The health belief model has been used successfully in many health promotion initiatives and effectively changes health-related behaviors. For instance, the model has been used to promote seat belt use, sunscreen use, and immunization uptake (Alagili & Bamashmous, 2021). There are several reasons why the health belief model is a suitable framework for health promotion for adult depression. Firstly, the model considers that people differ in their perceptions of the threat of a health problem; this is important as it means that interventions can be tailored to target individuals most at risk of the health problem. Secondly, the model considers that individuals differ in their beliefs about their ability to control their health problems; this is important as it means that interventions can target those most likely to be motivated to change their behavior.

 Various potential barriers exist to implementing a health promotion strategy based on the health belief model. Firstly, the model does not consider that some individuals may not be aware of the health problem; this means that interventions may need to be targeted at raising awareness of the problem and changing perceptions and beliefs. Secondly, the model does not consider that some individuals may not be motivated to change their behavior, meaning that interventions may need to be targeted at motivating individuals to change their behavior (Lilly et al., 2020). Despite these potential barriers, the health belief model is a suitable framework for health promotion for adult depression.

The social cognitive theory does not apply to the potential goal of health promotion for adult depression because the theory focuses on the individual's cognitive processes, such as beliefs and attitudes, and does not consider the individual's social environment. The social cognitive theory would be more applicable to a health promotion initiative for a different health problem, such as smoking cessation, where the individual's cognitive processes are more likely to be the primary determinant of their behavior (Borghi & Fini, 2019). The social cognitive theory has many limitations that make it unsuitable for health promotion for adult depression. Firstly, the theory does not consider that individuals are influenced by their social environment. Therefore interventions based on the social cognitive theory are more likely to be less effective in changing behavior than interventions considering the social environment. Also, the theory does not consider that individuals differ in their cognitive processes meaning that interventions based on the social cognitive theory are likely to be less effective in changing behavior than interventions considering individual differences.

 

 

 

 

 

References

Alagili, D. E., & Bamashmous, M. (2021). The health belief model as an explanatory framework for COVID-19 prevention practices. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 14(10), 1398-1403.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.08.024

Borghi, A. M., & Fini, C. (2019). Theories and explanations in psychology. Frontiers in Psychology, 10.  https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00958

Lilly, F. R., Jun, H., Alvarez, P., Owens, J., Malloy, L., Bruce‐Bojo, M., & Vidal, C. (2020). Pathways from health beliefs to treatment utilization for severe depression. Brain and Behavior, 10(12).  https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1873

 

 

Barbara Jaime

18 hours ago, at 8:15 PM

 

NEW

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Models for Community and Health Promotion in my Project on Alzheimer's 

Topic 1

 The Social Cognitive Theory is built on the fact that humans learn from their surrounding environment. One can learn things based on other people's experiences and also from personal experiences. Three key constructs are defined in the Social Cognitive Theory, which are behavior, environmental factors, and personal factors. Therefore, when seeking to change a person's behavior, the health provider must consider the distractors and positive supports affecting the three constructs. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurologic disorder that can lead to atrophy and death of the brain cells (Bora & Yener, 2017). However, the social cognitive theory can help identify the factors that lead to worsening the condition or distractors and, in response, provide necessary positive supports to improve the patient's behavior and recovery (Dodich et al., 2018). The physicians and nurses can therefore establish the environmental factors such as poor socialization, trauma, and other issues which leads to memory deterioration in the patients. 

    From the social cognitive theory, the health provider can establish several indicators associated with Alzheimer's disease, such as dissociation, lack of interest, and depression. There are strengths and barriers to using the health promotion strategy to study Alzheimer's disease and get better results based on the patient's recovery (Duclos et al., 2018). Among the model's strengths is that the social cognitive theory is concerned with the relevant human social behaviors that easily determine brain functioning. For example, when loved and cared for, they will have proper brain functionality compared to a depressed and stressed person. The theory can also be used when relating to real-life experiences and hence can be used in counseling or therapies to help patients change their behaviors and avoid distractors. On the other hand, the social cognitive theory is challenged because it does not account for lifespan maturation in defining behavior. The theory does not also recognize that genetic differences can determine one's behavior and cognitive functioning.

Topic 2

 The Ecological Model postulates that the physical and social environment in which one resides can affect their patterns of health risk behaviors (Kivipelto et al., 2018). It links several factors affecting one's behavior and health. It works on the notion that behaviors are affected by multiple factors, and understanding the same may help develop environmental health interventions.  The model explains the factors that affect behavior but does not account for their impacts on each other since there are factors that can be considered contributory to a health condition. Implementing the model in the community may be challenging because it may be expensive as one has to assess several factors before deciding what affects a patient's behavior. Alzheimer’s disease, like other common complex disorders, is better thought of as a multi-factorial, ecologic, systems problem. Some medications to prevent or treat this problem have been studied but have not produced much value because of the side effects or ineffective. Another aspect of the ecological model that influences this in a positive way this pathology is the prevention through a diet such as the consumption of fruits and vegetables, omega-3 rich oils, nuts, and fish, with limited refined carbohydrates and red meat.

 The model does not also provide motivations for changing the environment, so it may be difficult to find a better solution for Alzheimer's patients (Misiura et al., 2020). The model works best for preventable diseases such as infectious diseases or any addiction problem; however, not all the conditions can be prevented, and some must be managed. Most of the people at risk are in self-denial and, therefore, may not accept the fact that they are in danger, making the model ineffective when attending to people at risk of Alzheimer's disease. In addition to cost, there are other barriers to using the model, such as the idea that it is time-consuming and complex since many variables must be considered before decision-making.

References

Bora, E., & Yener, G. G. (2017). Meta-analysis of social cognition in mild cognitive impairment. 

 Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 30(4), 206-213.

Dodich, A., Cerami, C., Cappa, S. F., Marcone, A., Golzi, V., Zamboni, M., ... & Iannaccone, S. 

 (2018). Combined socio-behavioral evaluation improves the differential diagnosis between 

 the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: in search of 

 neuropsychological markers. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 61(2), 761-772.

Duclos, H., Desgranges, B., Eustache, F., & Laisney, M. (2018). Impairment of social cognition in 

 neurological diseases. Revue neurologique, 174(4), 190-198.

Kivipelto, M., Mangialasche, F., & Ngandu, T. (2018). Lifestyle interventions to prevent 

 cognitive impairment, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease. Nature Reviews Neurology, 

 14(11), 653-666.

Misiura, M. B., Howell, J. C., Wu, J., Qiu, D., Parker, M. W., Turner, J. A., & Hu, W. T. (2020). Race 

 modifies default mode connectivity in Alzheimer’s disease. Translational 

 Neurodegeneration, 9(1), 1-15.

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