Social Psychology PSY-328

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Kitty Genovese and the Bystander effect

PSY328- Social Psychology

Crislynn Garrard, Valerie Harrell, Natalie Jorgensen, Glynis Bass

What is the bystander effect?

The term bystander effect refers to the phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present, the less likely people is to help a person in distress.

EXPLANATION OF THE BYSTANDER EFFECT

There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect.

First, the presence of other people creates a diffusion of responsibility. Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present.

The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways. When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate.

In most countries around the world, the bystander is not legally obliged to help or assist.

This does not necessarily obviate a moral duty to rescue and/or help.

But bystanders are legally liable if they obstruct or interfere with any help that’s on-scene or oncoming to the scene.

Who was kitty Genovese?

Who was   Kitty Genovese? 

 She was born Catherine Susan Genovese on July 7, 1935, in Brooklyn, NY to Italian American parents Vincent and Rachel Genovese. He father Vincent Adronelle ran the Bayridge Coat & Apron Supply Company and her mother Rachel nee  Petrolli  was a homemaker ("Kitty Genovese biography," 2019).

Kitty and her four siblings lived in four family row-house in an Irish and Italian working-class neighborhood in Brooklyn.  Kitty was a nickname she acquired, maybe because she was a known chatter-box in school.  Kitty was popular, charming, and attractive when she attended Prospect Heights High School a community in Brooklyn in 1953 at which was an all-girl school until 2006.  Her high energy got her voted by her senior class as the Class Cut-Up.

Cont. Who was kitty genovese

After high school her family relocated to Cannon, Connecticut, because she loved New York, she decided to stay, where she worked as a secretary, hostess, barmaid, and a bar manager at Ev’s 11th hour in Hollis, in Queens NY. Kitty was a reliable, hardworking employee much of the time she worked double shifts and earning about $750 a month and yearly $9000 which during that era it was a decent income for a single person. She was saving for her to be an independent owner of an Italian restaurant. He father told her that no man will be able to support her because she earns more than a man.

Conclude Kitty genovese

Well in March 1963, she met and fell in love with Mary Ann Zielonko at Swing Rendezvous, an underground lesbian bar in Greenwich Village and living in Kew Gardens community ("Kitty Genovese biography," 2019).   Her murderer 28-year-old Winston Moseley who had murder before, he then stabbed, raped and robbed Kitty on the anniversary of her meeting Mary Ann Zielonko March 13, 1964.

What happened to kitty Genovese?

She was brutally stabbed at 2:30am when returning home to her apartment building from her job as a bartender.

One gentleman heard Kitty screaming, and yelled at the attacker causing him to flee.

Ten minutes after the attacker fled, he then returned to then rape, rob and stab Kitty again leaving her bleeding to death.

Kitty was then found by a neighbor, and police were called where Kitty later died in the ambulance on her way to the hospital.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DPSLmQ5QLS0

Who killed Kitty Genovese?

Winston Moseley, suspected for robbery was brought in for questioning a week after Kitty’s murder.

Upon learning the description of his car (a white Corvair), connections were made by detectives between the robberies and the murder.

Moseley eventually confessed to Kitty’s murder, giving details to the police that only the murderer would know.

Winston Moseley was married, with three children and no prior record.

Moseley eventually confessed to several rapes and two other murders, not including Kitty Genovese’s.

Moseley died in jail on March 28th, 2016 at the age of 81.

Kitty Genovese and the bystander effect

It’s said that over 38 people knew Kitty was being attacked, though only two neighbors assisted in helping.

One neighbor admitted to hearing her screams, and called a friend who told him to “stay out of it”.

The bystander effect is also known as Genovese syndrome

Examples and ways to avoid the bystander effect

If you find yourself with others in an emergency situation, remember that your instinct – and the instincts of others may be different. Follow your own instincts especially if they are to take action to aid the person needing help.

Once one person starts to help, others join in. Do something helpful to be the example of what the power of one is to get additional help from others. We are all responsible to help a victim.

Be the person to look another bystander or bystanders in the eyes and tell them what to do to help. That will increase their feelings of responsibility to help out.

Take special training on how to help in crisis situations so you feel more comfortable if the situation ever arises.