Movie review
aldi.6843
reflectrelate5e_lectureppt_ch04.pptxChapter 4
Experiencing and Expressing Emotions
1
The Nature of Emotion
Understanding what emotions are and how they differ from feelings and moods is the first step toward better managing our emotions.
Defining Emotion (1 of 2)
Emotion is:
Triggered by our perception of outside events
Signified by physiological arousal
Determined by our awareness/labeling
Governed by preexisting norms
Reflected in verbal and nonverbal displays
3
Defining Emotion (2 of 2)
Emotion-sharing: Involves disclosing emotions, talking about them, and pondering them
Emotional contagion: Occurs when the experience of the same emotion rapidly spreads from one person to others
Feelings and Moods
Feelings: “Small emotions” that generate only limited arousal
Moods: Low-intensity states that typically last longer than feelings or emotions
5
The Flow of Emotions, Feelings, and Moods
figure 4.1
Types of Emotions
Six primary emotions
Surprise, joy, disgust, anger, fear, sadness
Blended emotions: Experiencing two or more primary emotions simultaneously
Jealousy
Forces Shaping Emotion (1 of 2)
Personality
Shapes our experience and expression of emotion
Three OCEAN traits strongly influence emotions
Extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT):
Helps neurotic patients purge themselves of negative beliefs
8
Forces Shaping Emotion (2 of 2)
Gender
Contributes to our experience and expression of emotion
In Western cultures, gender differences in emotion in part derived from the way men and women orient to interpersonal relationships
9
Managing Your Emotional Experience and Expression
“The marshmallow test”: Tested children’s ability to constructively manage emotions
Emotional Intelligence (1 of 2)
Emotional intelligence: Ability to interpret your own and others’ emotions accurately
Emotionally intelligent people:
Understand their own emotions
Possess empathy
Constructively manage their own emotions
Harness their emotional states in positive ways
Emotional Intelligence (2 of 2)
Emotion management directly influences communication choices and resulting outcomes.
If you can’t manage your emotions, you can’t communicate competently.
12
Managing Your Emotions after They Occur
Suppression: Inhibiting thoughts, arousal, and outward behavioral displays of emotion
Venting: Allowing emotions to dominate our thoughts and explosively expressing them
13
Preventing Emotions
Four strategies for preventing emotions
Encounter avoidance
Encounter structuring
Attention focus
Deactivation
14
Reappraising Your Emotions
Reappraisal: Actively changing how you think about situations so their emotional impact is changed
15
Emotional Challenges
Four challenges frequently occur in daily life.
Anger
Online communication
Passion
Grief
Anger (1 of 2)
Anger: Driven largely by the perception that you have been improperly or unfairly blocked from reaching a goal
Chronic hostility: Near-constant state of arousal and negativity, resulting from suppression
Anger (2 of 2)
Many feel that venting “gets the anger out” and leads to catharsis. . .
However, venting actually boosts anger.
The Jefferson strategy is more effective.
Online Communication and Empathy Deficits (1 of 2)
When communicating online, we:
Lack feedback
Are less likely to perspective-take
Are less likely to feel empathic concern
Online Communication and Empathy Deficits (2 of 2)
To competently express emotions online:
Invest effort into perspective-taking and empathic concern.
Communicate empathy to online partners.
Expect and tolerate aggressive messages.
Passion
Passion is a combination of surprise and joy coupled with several other positive feelings.
It usually fades over time
Grief (1 of 2)
Grief: Intense sadness following substantial loss
To manage your grief, use emotion-sharing.
To help others manage their grief, engage in supportive communication.
Grief (2 of 2)
To improve your supportive communication:
Make sure the person is ready to talk.
Find the right place and time.
Ask good questions.
Legitimize, don’t minimize.
Listen actively.
Offer advice cautiously.
Show concern and give praise.
