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RECRUITING PARTICIPANTS

The Most Effective Ways to Prevent Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in An Acute Care Setting.

Sampling Method, Sample, and Setting

Sampling method: Considering the purpose of the study, along with the understanding of the target audience, the participants will be recruited by a non-probability method. A purposive sampling criterion will be used by nurses and doctors in an acute hospital environment.

Sample: Inclusion criteria are the following 1) new-onset or exacerbation of pneumonia at least 72 hours after admission to an acute care facility. 2) onset of pneumonia in a skilled nursing facility or rehabilitation facility with subsequent transfer to an acute care facility. 3) Diagnosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilator support 4)Patient or legal guardian must sign written informed consent for study participation, pretreatment, and post-treatment follow up.

People would not be eligible to participate in this study: 1) if you have pneumonia caused by pathogen-resistant medications like MERREM. 2) If you have allergies to any class of antibiotics.3) If you are taking any medications for a seizure disorder. 4) If you have a history of lung cancer. 5)If you have immune compromised diseases like cystic fibrosis, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, neutropenia, active tuberculosis, or taking immunosuppressive therapy before or after an organ transplant. 6) if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

All sexes are eligible for the study. This is a mixed-methods study with a sample size of 20-30 participants. A mixed-method design using purposive sampling is typically small. Since

the research question is focused on pressing health concerns in vulnerable populations, it is vital to recruit fewer but adequate participants to ensure a well-controlled and integration of interventions (Collins,2018). Positive findings would be applied to general populations, both present and future, of the acute care setting.

Setting: The proposed setting for this study is a large teaching hospital, Massachusetts. The study will be carried out on one of four medical-surgical units in this hospital. The unit has a bed capacity of 40 patients with occupancy rates of 80% to 95%. The study will take place in the participants' assigned rooms. The team members involved in the study include the nursing team, physicians, physical and occupational therapists.

Informed consent and ethical considerations

Informed consent must be signed and approved by an Institutional Review Board (IRB, Appendix A), before enrolling participants in this study. Then an application and proposal will be submitted to Regis College IRB and the teaching hospital to request a complete institutional review for approval for this study. The study may have some risks, in the case of medication administrations. There could be a likelihood of side effects or adverse effects. Closer monitoring would be used to assess to minimize any possibility of risks.

The records of this study will be kept private. Records would be only be made available to researchers involved in this study and the health team caring for you. All electronic information will be coded using a secured password-protected file. Your responses would be combined with other participants to conclude. Personalized information about the study would be part of your medical records. No published reports will include any information that will make it possible to identify you.

References

Collins, K.M.T. Ph.D. Mixed Methods Webinar Series MR(2018). https://www.ualberta.ca/international-institute-for-qualitative-methodology/media-library/international-institute-of-qualitative-methods/webinars/mixed-methods/2018/kcollinssampling-webinar.pdf