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RA1-FacialProportions.pptx
Facial Proportions
HORIZONTAL LINES
Divided by 8 lines
Creates 6 Special Zones
1st – Divide face in two equal halves by drawing a line at:
Vertex (top) of the cranium
The line of eye closure
Base of the chin
2nd – Divide the face in three equal parts by drawing lines through the:
Hairline
Eyebrows
Base of nose
Base of chin
3rd – Divide the area between the base of the nose and the base of the chin into three equal parts by drawing lines through:
Base of nose
Line of lip closure
Top of chin
Base of chin
VERTICAL LINES
Vertical lines are used to determine the width of head features by using the width of the eye as a standard of measurement.
1st – Draw a line down from the medial corner of each eye. This line will extend to the corner of the wing of the nose.
2nd – Extend a line down from the lateral corner of each eye. This line will extend to the sides/cheek area of the face.
3rd – Extend a line down from the middle of the eye. This line will extend to the corner of the mouth.
PROPORTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Using different facial features as units of measurement for the face:
HEAD
The widest part of the head is measured by the distance between the two parietal eminences.
NOSE
The face is three noses long.
The length of the nose is equal to the length of the ear.
The width of the nose at the wings is equal to the width of an eye.
EYES
The face is five eyes from one zygomatic arch to the other zygomatic arch.
The distance between the eyes is equal to the width of one eye.
The mouth is two eyes wide.
EAR
The superior border of the ear is on the same horizontal plane as the eyebrows.
The inferior border of the ear is on the same horizontal place as the base of the nose.
The face is three ears long.
THUMB AND INDEX FINGER
Sanders (1980) states:
When using the thumb and the index finger as a unit of measure, hold the thumb parallel to the index finger. The distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the index finger is equal to the following measurements:
The length of the ear
The length of the nose
The normal hairline to the root of the nose
The base of the nose to the bottom of the chin.
THE FOLLOWING FOUR MEANSUREMENTS ARE EQUAL:
Ear passage to the tip of the nose.
Eyebrow to the base of the chin.
Hairline to the base of the nose.
Ear passage to ear passage.
Also…
The height of an average adult is seven to eight heads tall.
The width of the face is two-thirds the length of the face.
Dallas Institute of Funeral Service
BASIC RULES OF FACIAL PROPORTIONS
(additional reading, J. Sheridan Mayer, pages 81-85)
The nose is approximately 1 eye wide.
The mouth is approximately 2 eyes wide.
The face can be divided into thirds or ninths.
The face is 5 eyes wide (at the zygomatic arches).
The line of eye closure is in the middle of the head.
The width of the face is 2/3 of the length of the face.
The average ear occupies the middle 1/3 of the face.
The head can be divided into halves, fifths, or tenths.
The average nose occupies the middle 1/3 of the face.
The distance between the eyes is approximately 1 eye wide.
The length of the head = the length of the face + 1/9 of the face.
The medial corner of each eye is in alignment with the wings of the nose.
The corners of the mouth are in alignment with the midpoint of each eye.
The distance from the lateral canthus of one eye to the medial canthus of the other eye = 2 eyes wide.
