Research Critiques and PICOT Statement Final Draft

Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations

Name: Pedro Mico

Grand Canyon University

Course: NRS-433V

Date: 03/16/2021

Article one: The health behaviors’ modification for controlling and prevention of diabetes mellitus by using promise model at premruthai pravate community Bangkok. (2016), 2(3). https://doi.org/10.20474/jahms2.3.3

Summary of the study

Diabetes is a non-communicable chronic disease that is a significant public health concern globally. The diabetes incidence situation is on the increase globally. The International Diabetes Federation estimated that by 2030, over 435 million individuals globally would be having diabetes. Data from the Ministry of public health in Thailand indicates that the cases of people living with diabetes and deaths resulting from diabetes are rapidly increasing in the country. A survey of Thailand's health status revealed that most people with diabetes have no information about their condition. Also, about 3.3 percent of diabetes patients are not treated. Patients taking care of themselves and seeking treatment early in time helps to slow down or reduce the disease and its effects. The study is significant in nursing because it aims to assess health behavior modifications that are necessary for the management of diabetes. Besides, the study focuses on promoting learning about health behaviors essential for preventing and managing diabetes. The study's objectives are to assess the use of behavior to prevent and control diabetes, evaluate the importance of self-regulation behavior in the prevention and control of diabetes, and assess the use of self-care behaviors in the prevention and management of diabetes. The study's purpose was to evaluate various health behaviors modification necessary for the prevention and management of diabetes. The research question of the study is; are health behaviors modification effective in controlling and preventing diabetes.

Article Two: Subrata, T., Lestarini, A., & Sari, K. (2018). Physical Exercises Effectiveness in Controlling Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly Group in Bali - Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering, 434, 012228. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/434/1/012228

Summary of the study

Degenerative illnesses that were previously associated with urban life have penetrated the rural set-up. Behavioral changes have made it difficult for those living in rural areas to prevent diabetes and other non-communicable diseases. Diabetes prevalence in Bali during the last five years has been over six percent. The number of people living with diabetes is expected to continue increasing due to diet and lifestyle changes. The study aims to address the application of physical exercises and diet independently in the reduction of blood sugar levels. The study is significant in nursing practice because it addresses the importance of using lifestyle techniques in preventing diabetes in the community. The study's objective was to assess the effectiveness of physical exercises in controlling diabetes in the elderly. The study research question is: are physical exercises effective in controlling diabetes among the elderly?

How the articles support the nurse issue I chose

The two articles address behavior and lifestyles necessary in the prevention and management of diabetes. The first article evaluates health behavior modification in the prevention and control of diabetes. It supports the issue I chose because it recommends physical exercises as one of the most important health behaviors. The second article evaluates the effectiveness of physical exercises in the management of diabetes in the elderly. It supports my health issue, which also is concerned with the importance of physical exercises in lowering and maintaining blood glucose levels among the elderly living with diabetes.

In the first article, the intervention is health behavior modifications. It is related to the intervention identified in the PICOT question because doing regular physical exercises is one of the health behaviors necessary for diabetes management. The comparison group in this article is related to the one in the PICOT question because it evaluates the effectiveness of other health behavior modifications such as diet changes. In the second article, the intervention is physical exercises, just like in the PICOT question. The comparison group in this article is training on a diet. They compared its effectiveness with physical activities in controlling diabetes, just like the PICOT question compares the use of diet and physical exercises in lowering blood glucose level.

Method of study

Both articles adopted a qualitative method of study. The first article applied a purposive sampling technique to derive a sample and participatory action research to conduct the study. The second study adopted pretest and post-test questionnaires that were administered to diabetes patients before and after the exercise. The major difference between the two methods is that all participants must participate in the activities before conclusions are drawn in participatory action research. One advantage of participatory action research is that it permits timely analysis, but it has a limitation because it is only effective for a small group. One advantage of questionnaires is that they offer an easy and quick way of getting results, while one advantage is that some people can give dishonest answers.

Results of the study

The results of study one showed that people increased their self-care, self-regulation, and self-efficacy after receiving behavior modification. BMI and weight loss reduced by 20.7 percent, while blood pressure lowered from 86 percent to 36 percent. The general health status changed for the better in all the participants. The results concluded that people should reduce eating vegetables, sweets, and seasoned fruits or sweet sauce and eat breakfast to prevent diabetes. They should also avoid adding sugar to every meal that they take. In the second study, the results indicate that 60 percent of the participants mastered the physical exercise combination, even though their performance was not perfect. Pretest and post-test indicated an increase in the participants’ average knowledge by 75%, and blood sugar results showed improvement in 14.63% of the participants. Almost all participants were able to conduct blood glucose measurements on their own after training.

The nursing practice focuses on providing quality care to patients. It involves treating or reducing the symptoms of infection in patients. The two studies address the issue of using diet and physical exercises in the prevention and controlling diabetes. Therefore, the knowledge from the studies is crucial for nursing professionals providing care for diabetes patients.

Ethical considerations

Two ethical issues in conducting research are informed consent and respect for privacy. Informed consent implies that research participants intelligently, voluntarily, and knowingly give consent manifestly and clearly. It seeks to preserve individual rights and prevent assaults on the integrity of research subjects. Respect for privacy deals with the freedom of research subjects in determining how the personal information they disclose for the purpose of the study is used. It seeks to protect participant's private information from being shared with unwanted third parties. In the first study, participants were asked to read and sign an agreement form before participating in the research and assured them of the information's utmost confidentiality. In the second study, participants were asked selected and asked to participate in the study willingly. No unauthorized person was allowed in the room where the activities took place.

References

Bangkok. (2016). The health behaviors’ modification for controlling and prevention of diabetes mellitus by using promise model at premruthai pravate community 2(3). https://doi.org/10.20474/jahms2.3.3

Subrata, T., Lestarini, A., & Sari, K. (2018). Physical Exercises Effectiveness in Controlling Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly Group in Bali - Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering, 434, 012228. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/434/1/012228