20 page Public Health SPSS(HIV/AIDS in low income communities)

Public Health Issue

HIV/AIDS is a global epidemic and considered as the most known disease that affects both health and development. Since the beginning of the epidemic, millions of people have died, and people, approximately forty million are currently living with HIV. Low-income communities are the most affected because they lack the resources that help in prevention, treatment, and care (Dray-Spira, Lert, Marimoutou, Bouhnik & Obadia, 2014). Global efforts have been made to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS over the decades, and significant progress is evident. The main challenge is that many people within the population are unaware of their HIV status. The U.S government has contributed much to the control of HIV/AIDS through funding to help countries and communities to fight AIDS (Rubin, Colen & Link, 2019).

HIV/AIDS epidemic affects the low-income communities due to limited access to prevention methods affecting the most productive people in society. The impact of the disease affects the health of productive individuals affecting the economy of the community and nations. The disease still has no cure, and the affected people who lack treatment and care becomes less productive, and children dependent on the affected people faces poverty (Kalichman et al.…..., 2015). The affected individuals in poor communities are likely to be affected by infectious diseases and later death. A low-income society where food insecurity is a primary challenge suffers more due to the epidemic which affects both adults and children (Young, Wheeler, McCoy & Weiser, 2014).

HIV/AIDS in low-income communities is an issue which affects both adults and children. HIV/AIDS is an epidemic which is a global problem, and mainly, it has no cure. The disease is a threat to the economy of many countries due to its extensive spread affecting the most productive people in society. The disease affects the productive population contributing to a decline to global economic growth and a rise in poverty level (Riley, Gandhi, Hare, Cohen & Hwang, 2017). The global community has set strategies to manage the epidemic from spreading.

References

Dray-Spira, R., Lert, F., Marimoutou, C., Bouhnik, A. D., & Obadia, Y. (2014). Socio-

Economic conditions, health status, and employment among persons living with HIV/AIDS in France in 2001. AIDS Care, 15, 739-748. doi:10.1080/09540120310001618595.

Kalichman, S. C., Pellowski, J., Kalichman, M. O., Cherry, C., Detorio, M., Caliendo, A. M., &

Schinazi, R. F. (2015). Food insufficiency and medication adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS in urban and peri-urban settings. Prevention Science, 12, 324-332. doi:10.1007/s11121-015-0222-9.

Riley, E. D., Gandhi, M., Hare, C. B., Cohen, J., & Hwang, S. W. (2017). Poverty, unstable

housing, and HIV infection among women living in the United States. Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 4, 181-186. doi:10.1007/s11904-017-0026-5.

Rubin, M. S., Colen, C. G., & Link, B. G. (2019). Examination of inequalities in HIV/AIDS

mortality in the United States from a fundamental cause perspective. American Journal of Public Health, 100, 1053-1059. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.170241

Young, S., Wheeler, A. C., McCoy, S. I., & Weiser, S. D. (2014). A review of the role of food

insecurity in adherence to care and treatment among adult and pediatric populations living with HIV and AIDS. AIDS and Behavior, 18, S505-S515. doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0547-4.

HIV/AIDS in lower income communities (outline)

 

 

Introduction

Background information

           HIV/AIDS is a global epidemic and considered as the most known disease that affects both health and development. Since the beginning of the epidemic, millions of people have died, and people, approximately forty million are currently living with HIV. Low-income communities are the most affected because they lack the resources that help in prevention, treatment, and care (Dray-Spira, Lert, Marimoutou, Bouhnik & Obadia, 2014).

 

Descriptive epidemiology

Approximately 1.1 million people in the United States are living with HIV today. But not all of them know it. In fact, about 15 percent (or 1 in 7) of them are not aware they are living with HIV (HIV 2019).

Methods used to conduct a systematic literature review

            Databases used

CDC

CENSUS

NCBI

Results of the systematic literature review

Theories

Health Benefit Model

Understanding the changing of behaviors

Socio-ecological Model

Understanding the risk

Methods

Descriptive

Observational, describe what is

Correlation

Observe and explore relationships between variables

Discussion

Brief Summary

Individuals with HIV/AIDS are more likely to have a higher number of cases due to socio determinants of health.

Strengths and limitation

It varies by different regions

Limitation:

Very little research

Policy Implication

Need more affordable programs to help those in need to prevent the disease

Key Stakeholder

Patients, consumers

            Physicians, hospitals, and health insurance companies

            Drug manufacturers,

            Federal, state, and local public health agencies

Recommendations for future research

A wider study to help decrease this global threat

Conclusion

HIV/AIDS has come a long way. They’re many programs that are provided to help educate individuals. There are also programs that help with medication to help prevent and spread the disease.

References

HIV (2019) “Too Many People Living with HIV in the U.S. Don’t Know It” retrieved https://www.hiv.gov/blog/too-many-people-living-hiv-us-don-t-know-it

Rubin, M. S., Colen, C. G., & Link, B. G. (2019). Examination of inequalities in HIV/AIDS

mortality in the United States from a fundamental cause perspective. American Journal of Public Health, 100, 1053-1059. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.170241