Check grammar for psychology essay

Running head: PSYCHOLOGY 1

PSYCHOLOGY

Psychology

Name

Institutional Affiliation

Psychology

What is the Place of Consciousness in Psychology’s History?

In the history of psychology, since the 1960’s the influence to understand and improve awareness of ourselves and the surrounding has objected as an important area of interest. The fields of interest include the consciousness and neuroscience and research on the segments continue to intensify. Initially, in the 19th century, the scientists had ignored the area of research on consciousness after claiming it as the specialized field of study (Weiner, 2003). The focus was thus oriented on the study of observable behavior because consciousness was identified as a challenging area of research in science. The mental concepts were later given preference following the importance of cognition processes.

How Human beings Locate Sound and How it is Important in Daily Functioning and Survival

The human ear is a sensitive organ that aids people in locating sounds from far. The process of hearing begins from transduction where the ear collects the sound waves and further converted into neural impulses (Lynn, 2009). The neural pulses are sent to the brain, and further, they are integrated with past experiences. Since the ear is sensitive to a wide range of sounds, it becomes easier to locate even the faint ticks of a clock. The hearing is resourceful as it enhances our ability to socialize, work, keeping safe and therefore, it empowers and enriches our lives in different capacities.

Classical and operant Conditioning Comparison

The operant and classical conditioning hold similarity in the aspect that they involve making the association between various behaviors and events of organism-environment and they are generally centered on general principles (Weiner, 2003). For example, it would be easier to associate the similarities of stimulus and those that occur at the same time. The main difference between operant and classical conditioning is anchored on the response. In the classical conditioning, the response is involuntary and reflex while in operant it is voluntary behavior. Additionally, in classical, the stimulus is new while operant the behavior is new. Finally, in the classical the reflex follows the stimulus while operant the behavior precedes the reward which may be positive or negative.

How Intelligence Can be Misused

Intelligence can easily be abused especially if the person under test is given a number or in other cases a set of numbers that mainly define the level of intelligence. The misuse becomes remarkable if the people under test are not offered an explanation on the meaning of the figures (Lynn, 2009). Furthermore, the misuse can be extended if the intelligence tests and other standard scores are presented without providing the confidence intervals on the scores that were obtained. Most importantly, if they are used as a sole method in the decision-making process in elements like placement in education programs or work the misuse is extended.

The Relationship between Thinking and language and the Value of Thinking in Images

In psychology, it agreed that the relationship between language and thinking is highly significant due to the role of language in memory (Lynn, 2009). Language determines how people reason and make decisions. The ability to understand the words and images and deduce the meanings models how one thinks and the interpretation of ideas. Visual thinking serves a critical role as it helps to assemble the memory and resemble perceptual experience without necessarily relying on the external stimulus. Furthermore, it is believed to be a source of creative and inventive thinking. Most importantly, in psychology, it provides ground for semantic grounding for language.

References

Lynn, S. J. (2009). Psychology: A Framework for Everyday Thinking. Pearson Allyn & Bacon Publishers.

Weiner, I. (2003). Handbook of Psychology, History of Psychology. John and Wiley Publishers.