Concept Questions - History & Systems
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PsychoanalysisOnlinecut.pptxPsychoanalysis
Antecedents
Early psychiatrists had 2 camps:
Psychic: emotional or psychological problems led to abnormal behavior
Somatic: physical maladies are responsible for abnormal behavior
Psychoanalysis grew out of a revolt against this view
Development of Psychoanalysis
Grew out of traditions of medicine and psychiatry
Methods: observation
Interests: psychopathology & unconscious
Freud’s interests were not new
Wundt & dreams
Albert Moll & childhood sexuality
“Sexologists”
Freud’s Beginning
Medical school in hopes of research
Josef Breuer & Anna O.
Hysteria with paralysis, memory loss, disturbances in vision and speech
“Talking cure”
Charcot told him about the role of sex in hysterical behavior
Stopped using hypnosis - it didn’t work long-term
Freud’s Therapeutic Methods
Catharsis: deal with a complex by recalling it to consciousness and expressing it
Free Association: patient says anything that comes to mind
Unconscious thoughts expressed freely
Childhood memories, many concern sex
Dream Analysis: interpret dreams to uncover unconscious conflicts
Manifest content: what is happening
Latent content: what it means
Freud’s Therapy, cont.
Resistance: When free association stops flowing, memories are too painful to be dealt with
Repression: excluding unacceptable ideas, memories, and desires
The cornerstone of psychoanalytic theory
Psychoanalysis & Personality
Levels of Personality
Id: hedonistic
Pleasure principle
Superego: morality & conscience
Develops out of the Oedipus Complex
From parents and social norms
Ego: mediator
Reality Principle
Defense Mechanisms
Anxiety: warning that ego is being threatened
Defense Mechanisms: unconscious denials or distortions of reality to ease anxiety
Projection
Denial
Repression
NeoFreudians
Common Characteristics
Trained in psychoanalysis
De-emphasized the role of sex in personality development
Brought in other points of view
Changed the ideas about development
Anna Freud
Work with children
Developed a therapy that took into account immaturity and verbal limitations
Used play materials and observations in the home
Ego functions independently from the id
Expanded on defense mechanisms
Carl Jung
Many views stem from childhood experience
Analytical Psychology is different from Freud’s:
No Oedipus complex
Personality development in middle age
Focus on inner growth instead of social relationships
Personalities are based on hopes and aspirations
Jung & The Unconscious
2 parts to unconscious:
Personal unconscious: memories, impulses from our own life
Collective unconscious: cumulative experience of previous generations
Archetypes: innate determinants of mental life that cause us to behave like our ancestors
Appear as emotional reactions
Similarities across cultures
Jung & Personality
Some of his personality characteristics are still used now
Introversion/Extroversion
Psychological Types: express our personality through 4 functions:
Thinking
Feeling
Sensing
Intuiting
