project report on energy transitions in Canada

Deliverable #1: Project Proposal

Contents Table of Contents ii 1.0 Background 1 2.0 Proposed Project 1 3.0 Project Team 1 4.0 Project Plan 1 4.1 Key Project Tasks 1 4.2 Estimated Level of Effort 1 4.3 Project Schedule 1 Appendix A: Team Member Resumes/CVs 2

i

Transition is the basic necessity for the development of any nation. Many developed countries have undergone transition, which results in their current standing at world level. Out of all the transitions in different sectors major transition that has helped these countries is constantly upgrading the various methods for the production of energy by using the available resources and with times finding the alternatives for the same. The energy transition is transferring/replying from one form of energy to another.

Communities have gone through many energy transitions depending upon the requirement, new inventions and changes in the life cycle. For example the first energy transition happens in early 19th century when people started using coal instead of wood. Coal was considered as primary source of fuel which leads to invention of steam engine and thereby railways was started. In case of Canada, the country was behind

Britain and the United States in terms of the industrial revolution and hence Canadians were relying on wood for the energy. Thus the first energy transition for Canada was 50 years later as compared to other developed countries during that time. The second major transition was during early 20th century when internal combustion engine arrived and transformed automobile sector. With the development in technology numerous other forms of energy like hydroelectric, wind, and natural gas came into existence.

In the year 1919, public operated utilities and private operated utilities were producing 1221 million kWh and 4332 million kWh electricity respectively which turns to 187543 million kWh and 50805 million kWh due to the rapid advancement in the energy system and availability of energy sources. Two different phases can be observed from Canada’s energy consumption portfolio, 1st from 1960 to 1974 and another from 1975 to 1994, along with oil crisis observed in 1973-1974 because of which energy consumption decreased to the greater extent. During the period from 1960 to 1994, 4.5% growth in energy consumption was accounted in total.

Energy System infrastructure, Energy producing equipment, Transportation tools, and end-user equipment are parallel y upgraded alongside with energy transition. The transition helped in improving GDP and provide employment as well. 2.2% growth in jobs was registered between 2010 to 2017, out of which 57% of employment was seen in clean transport field. More than 70% rise was observed in investment in clean energy start-ups from 2010 to 2017. Energy sector’s most significant contributor was renewable energy supply accounted for 40% in GDP growth compared to other energy sources.

Modern energy transition will primarily focus on the shift from carbon-emitting fuels to noon carbon-emitting fuels, termed as decarbonization. Political factors, economic factors, technological factors play a part in Current Canada's energy transition, but the coming transition should be solely dependent on the environmental factor for the existence of the human race.

2.0 Proposed Project

After all the statistics and research from the past and current energy scenario, the project provides the preventive measures and solution for low GHG emission, low carbon producing equipment, and necessary steps that citizens need to follow for prevention of such hazardous emissions. The project suggests developing cleaning energy technology at a rapid pace, Canada should act as ambassador for promoting clean energy technology at a global level and also spread this noble message throughout the world by setting an example.

The project is managed by Dhyey Dixit and under the guidance of Professor Dr. Mohammad Rahnama. I have completed my bachelors in electrical engineering and currently pursuing master of science in energy management. My interest is in the electrical power system, Alternative energies, and energy infrastructure for the upcoming clean energy technology. My past projects were different methods for controlling the speed of induction motor by changing its frequency and have attained two renewable energy conferences.

4.0 Project Plan

Literature Review: After the selection of project title, a literature review is the first step of project. To gather information about all the past and current data, theories, and statistics obtain from research papers of professors, journals, blogs, and reference books. To understand core of the project and pave the path for the same.

Task 2:

Outlining the project: Process the gathered information, take the notes of all the key points. Organize the work, compare and analyze the crucial data and understand the flow of process (In this project understand the past and current energy scenario of Canada).

Task 3:

Analyzing the information: From the analyzed data, draw the assumptions for the future scenario and develop the methods/steps/process that can prove useful to counter the present problems.

Task 4:

Different pictorial tools for presentation: Designing graphs and diagrams to back the proposed theory, so it is easy differentiate between different conditions and to draw a conclusion.

Task 5:

Drafting and Presentation: After completion of all the above process, draft a report, and prepare a presentation for the project and also providing the citations and reference for the project.

Task 6:

Reviewing the report and presentation: Before final submission, reviewing the report with the professor and make changes if required.

4.2 Estimated Level of Effort and Project Schedule

4.3 Project Schedule

5.0 References

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