6-4 project part one

Running head: ASTROMETRY PROJECT 1

ASTROMETRY PROJECT 4

Astrometry Project

Name

Institution

Date

Introduction

Issue

Astrometry refers to a branch of astronomy that entails the measurement of the position and movement of the stars. Astrometry is important since the information obtained from astrometric measurements provides significant insights on the physical and kinematic origin the solar system and our galaxy. The history of astrometry dates back to 190 BC when Hipparchus discovered the precession of the earth. In this process he was also able to the brightness scale. Ptolemy who succeeded Hipparchus included a catalogue of about 1020 stars in his work, giving their brightness, location and movement. The fundamental function of astrometry is providing reference frame to astronomers to report their observations. In addition, astrometry is important in the field of galactic astronomy, celestial mechanics and stellar dynamics. Astronomers use various techniques to identify stellar objects based on their movement. Astrometry is also important for keeping time. This branch has also been used to support the concept of extra solar planet detection. This is achieved by measuring the displacements caused by the planets in the apparent position of their parent star on the sky. Astrophysicists use astrometric measurements to constrain certain celestial mechanic models.

Science Sources

The scientific sources to be utilized in the study are peer reviewed journal articles. The resources are ‘The value of astrometry for exoplanet science’ by Bendek et al. (2018), ‘Varying physical constants, astrometric anomalies, redshift and Hubble units. Galaxies’ by Gupta and ‘Astrometric solar-system anomalies and evolutionary physical constants’ by Gupta.

Bendek et al. (2018) explains the importance of astrometry. The authors weigh in the scientific potential for astrometry. This article contains significant insights concerning why the world is continuously expanding. When choosing this article I was looking for a source that would provide critical information concerning my topic. This source is well aligned with the topic hence it was selected.

Gupta, in his two articles discusses a wide range of issues pertaining astronomy. One of the main issues discussed in the articles is the concept of continuously expanding universe. This article provides significant insights concerning the continuously expanding world. As a result, it was easy to identify as it presents the contents required for the present topic. The author also focuses on the issue of universe expansion. He attempts to address solar system anomalies using the speed of light band gravitational constant bin the Einstein’s field equation. This article contains significant insights concerning why the world is continuously expanding. When choosing this article I was looking for a source that would provide critical information concerning my topic. This source is well aligned with the topic hence it was selected.

Specific Question

In the light of examining the materials above and trying to establish the existing relationship between what is in place and the content proposed in three resources, the following research question was developed; Why do Astronomers believe that the world is continuously expanding? How did they come to this conclusion?

Body

Audience

The audience that would be much interested in the issue of universe expansion is students pursuing astronomy courses. Such students are eager to learn more about the importance of astrometry and the various techniques used by astronomers to determine the speed, lightness and movements of stars. This is the right audience because whatever the research question is seeking to understand will be directly related to their field of study.

Message

Scientific terminologies will be used to explain this concept to the audience because they have basic knowledge concerning astronomy. However, terminologies that are difficult to understand will be explained in details. I will communicate effectively to the audience by using easy-to-understand language and making the message short and concise. I will also try to be as honest as possible with my audience. For instance, terms like galaxy and parallax are essential in the presentation, but they cannot be understood by every person, hence the need of having the right audience.

Identification of Principles

The principle that applies to the identified question is; “without knowing the distances to planets, satellites, stars, and galaxies, no correct understanding of the cosmos in which we live can be achieved” (Gupta, 2019). This principle has been expanded on by scientific resources in use and hence, their relevance has been understood well.

Explanation of Principles

This principle is closely and directly related to the issue addressed in this paper. The principle suggests that it is not possible to understand our own planet if we do not know the distance to stars planets and satellites. In this particular issue, we cannot be able to understand why the world is expanding continuously without first determining the distance between the earth and the celestial objects.

Conclusion

Hypothesis

The world is continuously expanding while varying the distance between earth and celestial objects.

Natural scientists

For natural scientists, there exists a number of ways through which the natural scientists can gather information and evidence in support or against the hypothesis. The first approach is through exclusively researching on the existing resources with the aim of establishing the right comparison and differences in the information presented. It is through the understanding of the available information that existing gaps in the hypothesis will be determined. In the similar way, information gathered might present enough information on ways through which the hypothesis is null. This will therefore refute the direction followed.

References

Bendek, E., Marley, M., Shao, M., Guyon, O., Belikov, R., & Tuthill, P. (2018). The value of astrometry for exoplanet science. arXiv preprint arXiv:1803.04642. Retrieved from https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.04642

Gupta, R. P. (2019). Varying physical constants, astrometric anomalies, redshift and Hubble units. Galaxies, 7(2), 55. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4434/7/2/55

Gupta, R. P. (2019). Astrometric solar-system anomalies and evolutionary physical constants. Retrieved from https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/201904.0121/v1