sociology test
romadallas
pretestquiz.docxQuestion 12 pts
"The _________________________ stresses the central role of inequality, domination, competition, and struggle between groups in social life."
Group of answer choices
Structural-functionalist school
Capitalist school
Symbolic school
Conflict school
Flag this Question
Question 22 pts
"According to Max Weber,"
Group of answer choices
social change could best be explained by examining the economy.
cultural as well as economic factors shape social change.
culture best explains social change.
religion best explains social change.
Flag this Question
Question 32 pts
___________________ analyzes the role of each part in the system.
Group of answer choices
The conflict approach
The interactionist approach
Structural-functionalism
Industrialism
Flag this Question
Question 42 pts
Emile Durkheim is closely associated with the _____________ perspective.
Group of answer choices
Conflict
social
symbolic interactionist
structural-functionalist
Flag this Question
Question 52 pts
Sociologists who follow symbolic interactionist theory are primarily interested in
Group of answer choices
interaction of large groups.
interaction of social institutions.
person-to-person interaction.
interaction between the past and the present.
Flag this Question
Question 62 pts
Which of the following is an assumption that Parsons makes about systems?
Group of answer choices
Systems have the property of order and interdependence of parts.
Allocation and integration are two fundamental processes necessary for a given state of equilibrium of a system.
Systems tend toward self-maintaining order and equilibrium.
all of the above
Flag this Question
Question 72 pts
__________________ focuses on the structures that emerge in society and on the functions that these structures perform in the operation of society as a whole.
Group of answer choices
The structural-functionalist perspective
The conflict perspective
The symbolic interactionist perspective
all of the above
Flag this Question
Question 82 pts
"According to Karl Marx, ________ is a series of structures that erect barriers between the individual and the production process, the products of that process, other people, and the individual himself/herself."
Group of answer choices
Capitalism
bureaucracy
species-being
the dialectic
Flag this Question
Question 92 pts
"From the work of Emile Durkheim, the type of solidarity that is achieved through interdependence and a complex division of labor is termed"
Group of answer choices
organic solidarity.
mechanical solidarity.
class solidarity.
cohesive solidarity.
Flag this Question
Question 102 pts
"The mechanical, clockwork approach to business and life that accompanied industrialization was termed ___________ by Max Weber."
Group of answer choices
Alienation
Automation
Robotization
Rationalization
Flag this Question
Question 112 pts
"According to George Mead, the _____ is basically the ability to take oneself as an object. In other words, it is the ability to put ourselves unconsciously into other s places and to act as they act."
Group of answer choices
Mind
consciousness
self
meaning
Flag this Question
Question 122 pts
"In Goffman s dramaturgical approach, the _____ is that part of the performance that generally functions in rather fixed and general ways to define a situation for those who observe the performance."
Group of answer choices
back stage
manner
front stage
outside
Flag this Question
Question 132 pts
"________________ is the study of the body of common-sense knowledge and the range of procedures and considerations by means of which the ordinary members of society make sense of, find their way about in, and act on the circumstances in which they find themselves."
Group of answer choices
Ethnomethodology
Ethnography
Symbolic interactionism
Positivism
Flag this Question
Question 142 pts
"According to Robert Merton s Theory of Structural Strain, ritualists _____ the means and _____ the goals."
Group of answer choices
accept / accept
accept / reject
reject / accept
reject / reject
Flag this Question
Question 152 pts
In which of these sociological theories would the development of self be of most particular interest?
Group of answer choices
Symbolic interactionism.
Structural functionalism.
Conflict theory.
Anomie theory.
Flag this Question
Question 162 pts
A researcher divided the UNT student population into different racial groups and then randomly selected cases from each of the racial groups into the sample. He used a sampling technique called
Group of answer choices
simple random sampling.
systematic sampling.
stratified sampling.
cluster sampling.
Flag this Question
Question 172 pts
Experiment is the best quantitative method for
Group of answer choices
studying large numbers of people.
determining causality.
measuring the dependent variable.
measuring independent variables.
Flag this Question
Question 182 pts
A study that surveys 300 UNT undergraduate students in 2004 is an example of a
Group of answer choices
cross-sectional study.
cohort study.
trend study.
panel study.
Flag this Question
Question 192 pts
"""The future looks very dismal"" would have ______ validity for the concept alienation."
Group of answer choices
Construct
criterion
face
external
Flag this Question
Question 202 pts
"In probability sampling,"
Group of answer choices
each case in the population has an equal chance of being selected.
each case in the population has an unequal chance of being selected.
each case in the population has no chance of being selected.
all cases in the population will be selected.
Flag this Question
Question 212 pts
A negative association is one in which the variables vary in _____ direction(s).
Group of answer choices
the same
opposite
horizontal
vertical
Flag this Question
Question 222 pts
"A researcher questioned 45 incoming freshmen about their experiences of drinking alcohol and used these responses to estimate the drinking behavior of the entire freshman class. In this example, the 45 interviewees were the _____ and the _____ was the population."
Group of answer choices
sample/entire student body
sample/freshman class
parameters/freshman class
statistics/parameters
Flag this Question
Question 232 pts
"""The systematic collection of information from or about people through use of self-administered questionnaires, telephone interviews, or personal interviews"" describes"
Group of answer choices
intrusive research.
survey research.
field research.
experiment.
Flag this Question
Question 242 pts
Mode is defined as
Group of answer choices
an arithmetic average of the scores.
that point in the distribution below which 50 percent of the cases falls.
most frequently occurring value.
none of the above.
Flag this Question
Question 252 pts
The number of years of schooling completed is
Group of answer choices
a nominal variable.
an ordinal variable
an interval-ratio variable.
a constant.
Flag this Question
Question 262 pts
"The ratio of men to women in a college English class in 3.3:1. If there are 100 women, how many men are there?"
Group of answer choices
33
66
133
330
Flag this Question
Question 272 pts
"To determine whether there is a significant relationship between race and political party affiliation, which of the following significance tests is most appropriate?"
Group of answer choices
Chi-square (c2) test
t-test
Analysis of variance
Bivariate regression
Flag this Question
Question 282 pts
"If male and female college students have the same mean GPA but the standard deviation for the females is much larger, you may conclude that"
Group of answer choices
males are smarter than females
females are smarter than males
there is no variation in GPAs for both groups.
there is more variability in GPAs for female students than for male students.
Flag this Question
Question 292 pts
Test of hypothesis is based on the assumption that
Group of answer choices
the null hypothesis is false and should be rejected.
the null hypothesis is true.
the observed difference is important.
the observed difference exits.
Flag this Question
Question 302 pts
"If you hypothesize that suicide is an outcome of depression for both men and women, then the dependent variable is"
Group of answer choices
depression.
suicide.
man.
woman.
Flag this Question
Question 312 pts
"In their functional theory of stratification, Davis and Moore "
Group of answer choices
argue that social stratification is both necessary and universal.
were concerned about how to make society more equitable for the lower classes.
focus on positions of prestige rather than individuals within the social stratification system.
all of the above
Flag this Question
Question 322 pts
Which of the following statements best represents the importance that sociologists attach to social class?
Group of answer choices
"Objective location in the stratification system has major, life-time implications."
Conscious awareness (subjective location) of social class is more important than objective locations.
Mental health and personality are more important than social class in determining life chances.
Social class is no longer important in post-industrial societies.
Flag this Question
Question 332 pts
Structured inequality can be understood sociologically as resulting from
Group of answer choices
lack of motivation and an inadequate reward system.
unequal distribution of power and power-related resources.
personality and luck.
physical force.
Flag this Question
Question 342 pts
The most widely-argued theoretical alternative to the power elite perspective in the study of social stratification is
Group of answer choices
"pluralism, which defines power as diverse participation in decision-making."
a Marxian perspective of class conflict.
"a communist, people-oriented form of governance."
rugged individualism.
Flag this Question
Question 352 pts
A sociological approach to racism would emphasize that
Group of answer choices
racism is a thing of the past and is no longer a serious problem today.
interpersonal relations that generate warm feelings and affectionate ties are best defense against racism.
the problems of racism stem more from unequal control of resources than from individual feelings and prejudices.
"racism cannot be controlled because people s attitudes, feelings, or morals cannot be controlled."
Flag this Question
Question 362 pts
Sociologists would point out that much of the difference in scores on IQ tests between ethnic groups comes from
Group of answer choices
cultural bias of the tests themselves.
failure of some ethnic groups to assimilate American culture.
differences in natural abilities.
differences in the behavior of teachers toward minority students.
Flag this Question
Question 372 pts
"Sociologically speaking, a structural explanation of poverty would emphasize"
Group of answer choices
institutionalized barriers to social mobility.
the part that the inability of poor people to defer gratification has on their poverty.
the lack of a future orientation among the poor.
the structure of the personality of poor people.
Flag this Question
Question 382 pts
There are well-known expressions that go: He s aggressive; she s pushy. He s good at details; she s picky. He follows through; she doesn t know when to quit. He s confident; she s conceited. These sayings are an example of
Group of answer choices
fuzzy thinking.
traditional gender socialization.
sexist stereotyping.
bad psychology.
Flag this Question
Question 392 pts
"Teachers tend to acknowledge and reward male students more than they do female students. As a sociologist, how would you explain this?"
Group of answer choices
Teachers tend to favor students of their own sex.
Men are generally more aggressive in presenting their views.
Teachers tend to reproduce in their classes the social order as it exists outside the classroom.
Women tend not to seek reward and recognition as much as men because of hormonal differences.
Flag this Question
Question 402 pts
_________ refers to the increasing proportion of older people in the United States.
Group of answer choices
Long life expectancy
Graying of America
Ageism
Disengagement theory
Flag this Question
Question 412 pts
"Which of the following terms refers to prejudice, discrimination and hostility directed against people because of their age? "
Group of answer choices
Sexism
Racism
Ageism
all of the above
Flag this Question
Question 422 pts
Which of the following terms best describes the idea of biological and cultural blending and the creation of a totally new group and new culture?
Group of answer choices
Anglo conformity
Melting pot
Cultural pluralism
Internal colonialism
Flag this Question
Question 432 pts
"All of the following groups are defined by the U.S. government as a racial group, except for"
Group of answer choices
White Americans.
African Americans.
Hispanic Americans.
Native Americans.
Flag this Question
Question 442 pts
"According to the internal colonialism perspective advocated by Robert Blauner, which of the following groups can be viewed as a colonized people within America in terms of its historical experience?"
Group of answer choices
American Indians after being conquered
African Americans before the Civil War
Japanese Americans during World War II
all of the above
Flag this Question
Question 452 pts
Social disorganization theory of deviance
Group of answer choices
was associated with the Chicago School of Sociology.
attributed deviance to the collapse of social norms as a result of migration or rapid social change.
was one of the earliest theories of social problems in sociology.
all of the above
Flag this Question
Question 462 pts
Which school of thought argues that social problems are results of systemic inequality and exploitation?
Group of answer choices
Structural-functionalist theory
Symbolic interaction Theory
Conflict Theory
both a and b
Flag this Question
Question 472 pts
The sociology of social problems argues that
Group of answer choices
social problems are results of psychological problems of individuals.
deviant behavior is always a result of physiological and hormonal pathologies and deficiencies.
social problems are alleged situations that are incompatible with the values of significant number of people who agree that action is needed to alter the situation.
none of the above.
Flag this Question
Question 482 pts
"__________________ argues that all human societies will go through the following three stages of transition: pre-transitional stage with high and fluctuating mortality, higher fertility, and low population growth; transitional stage with rapidly decreasing mortality, gradually decreasing fertility, and population explosion; and finally, post-transitional stage with low mortality, low and fluctuating fertility, and declining population growth rate."
Group of answer choices
Malthusian theory
Marxist theory
Demographic transition theory
Theory of demographic change and response
Flag this Question
Question 492 pts
Life expectancy indicates
Group of answer choices
how long human beings can possibly live.
the average length of life generated from a life table.
the oldest age that all human beings desire to live to.
the youngest age that a woman can give birth.
Flag this Question
Question 502 pts
"All of the following are part of population processes, except for"
Group of answer choices
fertility.
age structure.
migration.
mortality.
