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Preface to "Are Social Networks Valid Sources for News?" Editor: Dedria Bryfonski Date: 2012 From: The Global Impact of Social Media Publisher: Gale, a Cengage Company Series: Current Controversies Document Type: Topic overview Length: 888 words Content Level: (Level 4) Lexile Measure: 1110L

Full Text: Kristen Purcell, Lee Rainie, Amy Mitchell, Tom Rosenstiel, and Kenny Olmstead, "Understanding the Participatory News Consumer," Pew Internet & American Life Project, March 1, 2010. http://pewinternet.org. Reproduced by permission.

Kristen Purcell is the associate director for research at Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project. Lee Rainie is the director of the Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project. Amy Mitchell is deputy director for the Pew Research Center's Project for Excellence in Journalism. Tom Rosenstiel is the director of the Pew Research Center's Project for Excellence in Journalism. Kenny Olmstead is a research analyst at the Pew Research Center's Project for Excellence in Journalism.

In the digital era, news has become omnipresent. Americans access it in multiple formats on multiple platforms on myriad devices. The days of loyalty to a particular news organization on a particular piece of technology in a particular form are gone. The overwhelming majority of Americans (92%) use multiple platforms to get news on a typical day, including national TV, local TV, the Internet, local newspapers, radio, and national newspapers. Some 46% of Americans say they get news from four to six media platforms on a typical day. Just 7% get their news from a single media platform on a typical day.

The Internet Has Changed How People Get News

The Internet is at the center of the story of how people's relationship to news is changing. Six in ten Americans (59%) get news from a combination of online and off-line sources on a typical day, and the Internet is now the third most popular news platform, behind local television news and national television news.

The process Americans use to get news is based on foraging and opportunism. They seem to access news when the spirit moves them or they have a chance to check up on headlines. At the same time, gathering the news is not entirely an open-ended exploration for consumers, even online where there are limitless possibilities for exploring news. While online, most people say they use between two and five online news sources and 65% say they do not have a single favorite website for news. Some 21% say they routinely rely on just one site for their news and information.

News consumption is a socially engaging and socially driven activity, especially online.

In this new multi-platform media environment, people's relationship to news is becoming portable, personalized, and participatory. These new metrics stand out:

Portable: 33% of cell phone owners now access news on their cell phones. Personalized: 28% of Internet users have customized their home page to include news from sources and on topics that particularly interest them. Participatory: 37% of Internet users have contributed to the creation of news, commented about it, or disseminated it via postings on social media sites like Facebook or Twitter.

To a great extent, people's experience of news, especially on the Internet, is becoming a shared social experience as people swap links in e-mails, post news stories on their social networking site feeds, highlight news stories in their tweets [posts made on Twitter], and haggle over the meaning of events in discussion threads. For instance, more than 8 in 10 online news consumers get or share links in e-mails.

The rise of the Internet as a news platform has been an integral part of these changes.... [Two significant technological trends have influenced] news consumption behavior: First, the advent of social media like social networking sites and blogs has helped the news become a social experience in fresh ways for consumers. People use their social networks and social networking technology to filter, assess, and react to news. Second, the ascent of mobile connectivity via smartphones has turned news gathering and news awareness into an anytime, anywhere affair for a segment of avid news watchers....

Getting News Is Participative

News consumption is a socially engaging and socially driven activity, especially online. The public is clearly part of the news process now. Participation comes more through sharing than through contributing news themselves.

Getting news is often an important social act. Some 72% of American news consumers say they follow the news because they enjoy talking with others about what is happening in the world and 69% say keeping up with the news is a social or civic obligation. And 50% of American news consumers say they rely to some degree on people around them to tell them the news they need to know. Online, the social experience is widespread:

75% of online news consumers say they get news forwarded through e-mail or posts on social networking sites and 52% say they share links to news with others via those means. 51% of social networking site (e.g., Facebook) users who are also online news consumers say that on a typical day they get news items from people they follow. Another 23% of this cohort follow news organizations or individual journalists on social networking sites.

Some 37% of Internet users have contributed to the creation of news, commentary about it, or dissemination of news via social media. They have done at least one of the following: commenting on a news story (25%); posting a link on a social networking site (17%); tagging content (11%); creating their own original news material or opinion piece (9%); or tweeting about news (3%).

Books

Victoria Carty Wired and Mobilizing: Social Movements, New Technology, and Electoral Politics. New York: Routledge, 2011. Rahaf Harfoush Yes We Did: An Inside Look at How Social Media Built the Obama Brand. Berkeley, CA: New Riders, 2009. John Allen Hendricks and Robert E. Denton Jr, eds. Communicator-in-Chief: How Barack Obama Used New Media Technology to Win the White House. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2010. Elliot King Free for All: The Internet's Transformation of Journalism. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 2010. David Kirkpatrick The Facebook Effect: The Inside Story of the Company That Is Connecting the World. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2010. Joe Trippi The Revolution Will Not Be Televised: Democracy, the Internet, and the Overthrow of Everything. New York: HarperCollins, 2004. Sean Tunney and Garrett Monaghan, eds. Web Journalism: A New Form of Citizenship?. Portland, OR: Sussex Academic Press, 2010.

Periodicals and Internet Sources

Philip Alexiou "A 'Twitter Moment' in Politics?," Voice of America, July 29, 2010. www.voanews.com. Paul Allen "Social Media and Elections: The Revolution Will Not Be Televised, Revisited," Paulallen.net, September 29, 2009. http://paulallen.net. Chen Baoguo "US Controls Threaten Internet Freedom," Global Times, August 23, 2010. The Economist "Social Networks and Statehood: The Future Is Another Country," vol. 396, no. 8692, July 22, 2010. Mike Giglio "The Cyberactivists Who Helped Topple a Dictator," Newsweek, January 15, 2011. Wen Guang "Google Incident and US Internet Strategy," China Daily, January 23, 2010. Ruth A. Harper "The Social Media Revolution: Exploring the Impact on Journalism and News Media Organizations," Student Pulse, March 11, 2010. www.studentpulse.com. Peter Kirwan "From Samizdat to Twitter: How Technology Is Making Censorship Irrelevant," Wired, August 1, 2010. Claire Cain Miller "How Obama's Internet Campaign Changed Politics," New York Times, November 7, 2008. Georgianne Nienaber "Call for Social Networking Reports on Deepwater Horizon Oil Impacts," Huffington Post, May 4, 2010. www.huffingtonpost.com. Robert G. Picard "Blogs, Tweets, Social Media, and the News Business," Neiman Reports, vol. 63, no. 3, Fall 2009. Jennifer Preston "Movement Began with Outrage and a Facebook Page That Gave It an Outlet," New York Times, February 5, 2011. Samantha M. Shapiro "Can Social Networking Turn Disaffected Young Egyptians into a Force for Democratic Change?," New York Times Magazine, January 25, 2009. Josh Taylor "Facebook Is Ruining Journalism," Newsphobia, January 20, 2009. www.newsphobia.net. Jose Antonio Vargas "Internet Freedom, Hillary Clinton and Being the Web's First Global Diplomat," Huffington Post, January 21, 2010. www.huffingtonpost.com. David Wills and Stuart Reeves "Facebook as a Political Weapon: Information in Social Networks," British Politics, vol. 4, no. 2, June 2009. Lea Winerman "Social Networking: Crisis Communication," Nature, January 21, 2009. www.nature.com. Gary Wolf "How the Internet Invented Howard Dean," Wired, January 2004. www.wired.com. Li Xiguang "Voices of Online Masses Can Make China Heard Worldwide," Global Times, February 22, 2011.

Full Text: COPYRIGHT 2012 Greenhaven Press, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning Source Citation (MLA 8th Edition) "Preface to 'Are Social Networks Valid Sources for News?'." The Global Impact of Social Media, edited by Dedria Bryfonski,

Greenhaven Press, 2012. Current Controversies. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, link.gale.com/apps/doc/EJ3010779102/OVIC?u=txshracd2512&sid=OVIC&xid=c8b1b8bc. Accessed 4 May 2021.

Gale Document Number: GALE|EJ3010779102