NEED IN 9 HOURS OR LESS PRECEDE-PROCEED MODEL FRAMEWORK

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In the United States, childhood obesity is becoming the greatest challenge of this century. A goal of Healthy People 2010 is to reduce the proportion of children and adolescents who are

overweight or obese to 5% (Baseline=11%). In Pennsylvania, an estimated 18.2% of eighth grade students are overweight. 1 In 2003, the overall incidence of obesity was 24% with

Hispanic (31%) and Black (23%) at highest risk compared to White children (16%) in New York City. 2 Frequencies of overweight and obese may be higher in inner city, minority

youth.

The purpose of this study was to plan and pilot a program to reduce childhood obesity in Philadelphia. Researchers and practitioners from Saint Joseph’s University investigated

childhood obesity at environmental, educational, and policy levels and planned interventions. Major components of the project were a science based nutrition education program,

critical media awareness, working with food manufacturers to influence marketing practices, and building a community playground to provide safe play opportunities for children.

1PA Department of Health, (2002). “Pennsylvania Assessment of Overweight Children and Youth.” 2Thorpe, L.E., List, D.G., Marx, T., May, L., Helgerson, S. D., and Frieden, T.R. (Sep 2004). Childhood Obesity in New York City

Elementary School Students, Am J Public Health, 94: 1496 – 1500 3Green, Kreuter, Deeds, & Partridge (1980). Health Education Planning: A Diagnostic Approach. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield.

FIGURE: The PRECEDE-PROCEED model3 applied to childhood obesity

PRECEDE

PROCEED

Quality of Life

Physical and mental

health and well being

Health Problem

27% Overweight or at risk

Heart disease

Hypertension

Type 2 diabetes

Cancer

Asthma

Altered glucose metabolism

Increased lipid levels

Low self-esteem

Depression

Social discrimination

Premature sexual development

Hip and joint problems

Literature review (Swartz)

Behaviors

Food choices

Activity levels

Needs Assessment to identify

current behaviors (Logio)

Environment

Access to healthy foods

Access to safe play areas

Media influence

Family influence

Cultural influence

GIS Mapping to geographically

identify areas of higher obesity

(Jambulingam)

Predisposing Factors

Body image (size = power)

Perceived risk

Perceived susceptibility

Series of health fairs (Black)

Phase 4: Educational and Organizational Diagnosis Phase 3: Behavioral and

Environmental Diagnosis

Phase 2: Epidemiological

Diagnosis

Phase 1: Social Diagnosis

Reinforcing Factors

 Advice from health care providers

Community

Media is taking a more positive role

Investigation of food advertising aimed at

children (Lord)

Enabling Factors

Access

Skills

Knowledge

Community playground (Brady & Black)

Health Promotion

Phase 5: Administrative And Policy Diagnosis

Educational

Provide nutrition education (Cifelli &

Reynolds)

Provide critical media awareness (Lazar)

Policy Regulation Organization

Consumer reactions to obesity information

(Simmers)

Investor reactions to obesity information

influences stock prices (Ghani)

Evaluation of current marketing practices

to inform policy regulation (Childs)

Phase 6: Implementation Phase 7: Process Evaluation Phase 8: Impact Evaluation

Phase 9: Outcome Evaluation

Research projects funded by Centers for Disease Control, Chronic Disease Prevention & Promotion Division

https://www.coursehero.com/file/15890974/Precede-Proceed-Model-for-Obesity/

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