QRB Week 1

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PracticeConceptsandBasicDataAnalysis.pptx
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Line, bar and Pie graphs

Name

Institution

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Introduction

Businesses report research reports regularly

Business mostly use bar, line and pie graphs to present data

Graphs are visual representation of data

Graphs make the information easy to understand

Graphs help in incorporating numerical data in reports

Makes numerical data easy to read and understand

Presentation reviews the bar, line and pie graphs

Business present reports on a regular basis. One common feature in business reports is colorful graphics used to convey information in an easy to understand manner. The graphs help to describe something about the business such as describing the sales of a company in the last ten weeks. Numerical data is hard to understand for most people but presenting them in graphs makes it easier to digest and understand. A graph can be defined as a visual representation of data. Representing information and numerical data in graphs makes it easy to understand for people who are not mathematically savvy. Some of the graphs commonly used by businesses and discussed in this presentation are line, bar and pie graphs.

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Line graph

Line graphs represent data that change with time, which helps in showing the manner in which data changes with time. it also helps in comparing two different types of information by showing the manner n which they are similar of differ.

The graph above shows the sales per month for various six models for six months. The labels on the vertical axis indicate the number of units sold by various car model manufacturers. The labels on the horizontal axis is the months during which the data was recorded. Therefore, this line graph presents the data for car models sold between January and June. The graph uses line with different colors with each color representing each model. For instance, the red color represents the Toyota Camry car model. The sales for Honda Accord during the month of February is 20,000 units.

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Bar graphs

The bar graph is similar to the line graph only that the bar graph only that this type of graphs uses horizontal or vertical bars that represent a different value. Bar graphs also helps in comparing things between different groups of tracking changes that occur over time. Each bar graph represents a separate quantity.

The bar graph measures the units sales (in thousands) of a company between the fiscal years of 2014 to 2018. The labels on the vertical axis indicates that the vertical axis represents the units of sales made by the company. The labels of the horizontal axis shows that the horizontal axis represents the fiscal years during which the data was collected.

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Pie graph

The pie graph is a graphical presentation of data as proportionally sized slices using percentage values. The graph shows the sizes of parts of some total quantity at a specific time. The pie graph above measures the percentages of the Nissan Leaf car model newly registered in various European countries between January 2011 to November 2013. Each country is represented with a different color. One can interpret the data from the pie graph by looking at the color and percentage of each slice. For instance, 43% of the vehicles were sole in Norway while 19% were sole in the UK.

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How to improve each graph, it at all

All graphs meet the required requirements

Line and bar graphs have independent data horizontal axis

Line and bar graphs have dependent data on vertical axis

All axes well labeled in line and bar graphs

Pie graph well labeled to indicate what it measures

Types well differentiated using colors in pie and line graphs

Improve bar graph by adding a title

All the graphs meet the various requirements and I would only make one change. The graphs meet the require of having well labeled horizontal and vertical axes with the line and bar graphs having the independent data on the horizontal axes and the dependent data on the vertical axes. The labeling of the axis helps in understanding what the graphs are measuring and interpret the data. The line and pie graphs differentiates the different items by using different colors which improves the understanding of the graphs.

The only thing I would improve in these graphs it to add a title on the bar graph as it misses one.

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Appropriate measure(s) for central tendency

Measure of central tendency is a single statistic that describes of a data set

It describes the central point of the data set

Includes the mode, median, range and mean

Provides single statistic that best represents the entire group

Use the mean for the line graph

Use mean for the bar graph

Use mean and mode for the pie graph

Measures of central tendency refers to a single value that helps in describing the data by indicating the central position of a particular set of data. They include the mean, mode, media and the range.

The mean is the average of the data and is found by dividing the data set by the number of values in the set.

Median is the middle score of the data set after it has been arranged in the order of their size.

Mode is the most frequent data in the data set.

I would use the mean for the line graph. The mean can help to calculate the average cars sold per month or the average number of cars for all types for the six months.

I would use the mean and range for the bar graph. The mean would help in determining the average number cars sold during the five fiscal years.

I would use the mean and mode for the pie graph. The mean would help to calculate the average number of vehicles sold in the European countries. The mode would help in determining the country in which the highest number of cars were sold.

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Measures of dispersion

Measures of dispersion measure the spread of data set

Measure extent to which data scatter about the average

Extent to which the data set differ

Include range, standard deviation, variance, coefficient of dispersion

Use range for line graph for each car model

Use range for bar graph for the unit sales

Use range for pie graphs for the countries

Measures of dispersion measures the extent to which the quantities of the items differ or the degree of diversity. Dispersion helps in describing the spread of a set of data. They measure the variation of of the items among themselves and around the average. The higher the difference between the values , the higher the dispersion. Dispersion also helps in comparing two or more data series. The various measures of dispersion include the range, quartile deviation, mean deviation, variance and coefficient of variation.

The three graphs above will apply the range. The range is the difference between the largest and the smallest value. The range in the line graph will help in determining the highest and the lowest sales made for each car model during the period. The range will help to determine the highest and the lowest sales units during the period for the bar graph. It will help to determine the difference between the country with the highest registrations and the lowest among the countries.

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