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INST560, Internet of Things (IoT)

Lecture 2: Winter 2023

Professor Aliakbar Jalali

[email protected]

Internet of Things (IoT) Applications

UNIVERSITY OF NORTH AMERICA

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Topics

Introduction

What Are IoT Applications?

IoT application domain

10 major IoT applications

More IoT applications

Conclusion

References

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Introduction

IoT (Internet of Things) applications refer to the use of connected devices that can communicate and exchange data over the internet.

These devices can range from consumer electronics, such as smart thermostats and home security systems, to industrial equipment, such as machinery and sensors used in manufacturing.

IoT applications can be used in a variety of settings, including homes, businesses, and public spaces.

Overall, the goal of IoT applications is to make our lives more convenient, efficient, and safe by enabling devices to communicate and exchange data in real-time, enabling us to make more informed decisions.

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Reasons People and organization are using IoT Applications

Increased efficiency: IoT applications can help organizations improve their processes and operations by enabling them to monitor and control their systems more effectively. For example, an IoT-based transportation system can track the movement of goods and vehicles in real-time, allowing businesses to optimize routes and reduce waste.

Improved safety: IoT applications can help improve safety in a variety of settings, such as by monitoring safety equipment in industrial environments or by alerting emergency services in the event of an accident.

Enhanced customer experience: IoT applications can be used to improve the customer experience by providing personalized services and support. For example, a smart home system can learn a person's routine and adjust the temperature, lighting, and other settings accordingly.

Cost savings: IoT applications can help organizations save money by reducing the need for manual labor and improving resource efficiency. For example, a smart irrigation system can use weather data and soil moisture sensors to optimize watering schedules and reduce water waste.

Overall, the use of IoT applications can help organizations and individuals increase efficiency, improve safety, enhance customer experiences, and save money.

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The Impact of IoT Applications

Data is the new currency, IoT applications are sources of generating, processing and distributing data, this is what drives the concept of the Internet of Things.

How is the stored and analyzed data from IoT application are used?

Businesses: Businesses determine buying patterns, forecast new trends, and streamline production.

Government: Governments monitor the environment, forecast population trends, predict crime rates, and plan for social services.

City: Cities control traffic, monitor parking, provide police or fire support quicker, and control waste management.

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The Impact of IoT Applications, Can Smart Devices Think?

Smart devices, such as those found on the Internet of Things (IoT), do not have the ability to think in the same way that humans do.

Rather, they are programmed to perform specific tasks and to make decisions based on the data that they collect and the instructions that they receive.

All digital devices work based on computer programs and supplied data.

Artificial Intelligence implies that these devices can think on their own.

If programmed appropriately, smart devices can evaluate data that is provided to them and modify processes or settings “on the fly”.

If they are provided with sufficient data, they can “learn” and modify their own code based on the new parameters.

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The Impact of IoT Applications, Can Smart Devices Think?

For example, a smart thermostat can be programmed to turn the heating or air conditioning on and off based on the temperature in a room.

It can also learn a person's schedule and adjust the temperature accordingly. However, it does not have the ability to think or make decisions on its own.

Similarly, a smart home security system can use sensors to detect motion and trigger an alarm, but it does not have the ability to assess the situation and decide whether to sound the alarm. It simply follows the instructions it has been given.

Overall, while smart devices can perform tasks and make decisions based on data and instructions, they do not have the ability to think or reason in the way that humans do.

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The Impact of IoT Applications, Can Smart Devices Think?

Example: Imagine a refrigerated transport truck, carrying frozen goods, that is equipped with a global positioning sensor.

As the truck drives into a major city, the sensor determines that there is an accident ahead that is causing major traffic congestion.

The sensor sends the data to the computer system that collects the data and make decisions.

The system then alerts the driver to the new conditions so that the accident can be bypassed.

This automatic interaction has saved the driver time and will get the transported product to market faster with a product that is still frozen.

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What Are IoT Applications?

IoT applications run on IoT devices and can be created to be specific to almost every industry and vertical, including healthcare, industrial automation, smart homes and buildings, automotive, and wearable technology. Increasingly, IoT applications are using AI and machine learning to add intelligence to devices.

An IoT application is making the devices connected to each other and the internet, it let them collect and communicate data and make precise and informed decisions through Machine Learning and Neural Networks collecting, processing and delivering billions of petabytes of data every day to users.

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IoT Applications Domains

Smart homes: IoT devices can be used to automate and control various aspects of a home, such as lighting, heating, and appliances.

Smart cities: IoT applications can be used to improve the efficiency and sustainability of urban environments, including by optimizing transportation systems, managing waste and water resources, and improving public safety.

Healthcare: IoT devices can be used to monitor and track patient health, such as through wearable devices that track vital signs or smart pills that can be ingested and transmit data to healthcare providers.

Agriculture: IoT devices can be used to optimize crop production, such as by monitoring soil moisture and temperature, and by automating irrigation and fertilization.

Manufacturing: Industrial IoT (IIoT) applications can be used to improve efficiency and safety in manufacturing environments, such as by monitoring equipment and automating processes.

Transportation: IoT applications can be used to optimize the movement of goods, people, and vehicles, such as through connected car systems or smart traffic management systems.

Overall, the use of IoT applications has the potential to improve efficiency, safety, and sustainability in a wide range of domains.

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IoT Applications Domain

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Transportation and Logistics

Logistics

Mobile ticketing

Smart Environment

Comfortable homes/offices

Industrial plants

Environment monitoring

Augmented maps

Environmental pollution

Assisted driving

Healthcare

Tracking

Identification, authentication

Data collection

Sensing

Personal and social

Social networking

Thefts

Historical queries

Losses

Futuristic

Robot taxi

City information model

Enhanced game room

Weather & water systems

Weather condition

Water quality

Water leakage

Water level

Water contamination

Traffic jam reduction

Energy efficiency monitoring

10 Major IoT Applications

IoT in Smart Homes

Smart City

Smart Healthcare

Smart Farming

Smart Wearables

Smart Cars

Smart Grids

Industrial Internet (IIoT)

IoT Smart Retail Shops

Smart Traffic management

Top 10 IoT Applications in 2023

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IoT in Smart Home

Smart Home Automation Will Change the Way We Live!

What is Smart Home?

What are definition, functions, benefits, and more.

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Whenever we think of IoT systems, the most important and efficient application that stands out every time is Smart Home ranking as highest IOT application on all channels. The number of people searching for smart homes increases every month with about 60,000 people and increasing. Another interesting thing is that the database of smart homes for IoT Analytics includes 256 companies and startups. More companies are now actively being involved in smart homes than similar other applications in the field of IoT. The estimated amount of funding for Smart Home startups exceeds $2.5bn and is ever growing. The list of startups includes prominent startup company names such as AlertMe or Nest as well as a number of multinational corporations like Philips, Haier, or Belkin etc.

IoT based Smart Home

An IoT (Internet of Things) based smart home is a home that is equipped with a network of interconnected devices that can communicate with each other and with the internet. These devices can be controlled remotely using a smartphone or other device and can be programmed to perform a variety of tasks such as controlling the lighting, heating, and cooling, as well as security and other household functions.

Smart home devices can be connected to the internet via a variety of methods, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or a dedicated hub that connects to the internet via an Ethernet cable. Some examples of smart home devices include smart thermostats, smart lights, smart plugs, smart locks, smart security cameras, and smart appliances such as washing machines, dryers, and refrigerators.

By using an app or other interface, homeowners can control and monitor their smart home devices from anywhere, if they have an internet connection. This can provide convenience, energy savings, and added security.

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Smart Home Definition

A smart home refers to a convenient home setup where appliances and devices can be automatically controlled remotely from anywhere with an internet connection using a mobile or other networked device.

Devices in a smart home are interconnected through the internet, allowing the user to control functions such as security access to the home, temperature, lighting, and a home theater remotely.

Smart homes can be set up through wireless or hardwired systems.

Smart home technology provides homeowners with convenience and cost savings.

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IoT in Smart Home

Smart Home Automation

Smart home automation refers to the use of technology to control and automate various tasks and functions in the home. This can include things like turning lights on and off, adjusting the temperature of the thermostat, controlling appliances, and managing security systems.

Smart home automation can be achieved using smart home devices, which are connected to the internet and can be controlled remotely using a smartphone or other device. These devices can be programmed to perform certain tasks automatically, or they can be controlled manually using an app or other interface.

Smart home automation can also make it easier for homeowners to control and monitor their home from anywhere, if they have an internet connection.

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IoT in Smart Home

Smart Buildings

A smart building is a building that is equipped with a network of interconnected devices that can communicate with each other and with the internet. These devices can be used to control and automate various functions within the building, such as lighting, heating and cooling, security, and access control.

Smart buildings often use sensors and other types of monitoring technology to collect data about the building's environment, such as temperature, humidity, and air quality. This data can be used to optimize the building's performance and energy efficiency, as well as to improve the comfort and safety of the people who use the building.

Smart buildings can also use technology to improve communication and collaboration among building occupants, such as through the use of video conferencing or other types of online collaboration tools. By using these technologies, smart buildings can improve productivity, reduce costs, and enhance the overall user experience.

Cisco Skills For All

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IoT in Smart Home

Smart Home Sensors

Smart homes can be equipped with motion sensors, water sensors, light sensors, doorbell sensors, and temperature sensors.

There can be sensors in traffic lights, transport trucks, parking garages, security cameras, trains, and planes.

All these sensors and measuring devices collect and transmit their data.

The data can be stored and analyzed later, or it can be analyzed immediately to be used to modify computers, mobile devices, or processes of any sort.

How is the stored and analyzed data used?

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SMART home sensors communication through the internet of things. (http://www.nibib.nih.gov/sites/default/files/SMART-HOUSE_2_DCook.jpg).

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IoT in Smart Home

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IoT in Smart Home

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The global smart home market

The global Smart Home Security market size is projected to reach USD 1432.1 million by 2026, from USD 667.2 million in 2019, at a CAGR of 11.4% during 2021-2026.

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Home Automation Using the Internet of Things (IoT)

The technology that is required to build a home automation platform includes:

Hardware, software, protocols, sensors, architectures, gateways, and platforms for running the applications like:

Lighting control, HVAC, Lawn/Gardening, management, Smart Home Appliances, Improved Home safety and security, Home air quality and water quality monitoring, Natural Language-based voice assistants, Better Infotainment delivery, AI-driven digital experiences, Smart Switches, Smart Locks and Smart Energy Meters

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Smart Homes

Some Advantages:

Convenience: Smart homes allow homeowners to control and monitor their home from anywhere, if they have an internet connection. This can make it easier to manage tasks and functions such as turning lights on and off, adjusting the thermostat, and controlling appliances.

Energy efficiency: Smart home devices can be programmed to turn off or adjust the use of energy-consuming appliances when they are not needed, which can help to reduce energy costs.

Security: Smart home security systems can alert homeowners to any unusual activity and allow them to monitor their home remotely using security cameras.

Comfort: Smart thermostats can be programmed to adjust the temperature in the home to maintain a comfortable environment.

Increased value: Smart homes can be more attractive to potential buyers or renters, as they offer a range of modern conveniences and technologies.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Smart Homes

Some Disadvantages

Cost: The initial cost of setting up a smart home can be significant, as it involves purchasing and installing a variety of devices.

Complexity: Some people may find it challenging to set up and use smart home devices, especially if they are not familiar with technology.

Dependence on technology: Smart homes rely on technology, which means that they can be vulnerable to technical problems or malfunctions.

Privacy concerns: Some people may be concerned about the privacy implications of having their home constantly monitored by sensors and devices.

Cybersecurity risks: Smart homes are connected to the internet, which means they are vulnerable to cyber attacks. It is important to take steps to secure smart home devices and protect against these threats.

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Video: Smart Home Tour

How to start a SMART HOME in 2022 (15 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TTpkECCNAPg

How to start or expand your smart home in 2022, what devices you need, how the Matter standard impacts you, and see how we automate our own smart home.

Smart Home Tour: Fully Automated! (17 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLkASaFQPkc

My smart home has a LOT of home automation, but what’s even better is you can set this all up yourself. Let me show you around!

AWS IoT for the Connected Home (2 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FerZ0KvlP7g

As the use of connected home devices continue to grow, more and more data is being pushed to the cloud, where the latest IoT and machine learning technologies are enabling new innovations in connected home applications. AWS IoT helps connected home device manufacturers easily, quickly, and securely build differentiated connected home products at scale.

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Smart City

Smart City Automation Will Change the Way We Live!

What is Smart City?

What are definition, functions, benefits, and more.

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The smart city like the name suggests is a very big innovation and spans a wide variety of use cases, from water distribution to traffic management to waste management, environmental monitoring, and urban security. The reason why it is so popular is that it tries to remove the discomfort and problems of people who live in cities. IoT solutions offered in the Smart City area solve various city-related problems comprising of traffic, reduce air and noise pollution and help make cities safer.

IoT based Smart City

An IoT (Internet of Things) based smart city is a city that is equipped with a network of interconnected devices that can communicate with each other and with the internet. These devices can be used to collect and analyze data about the city and its operations and can be used to control and automate various functions within the city, such as traffic management, public transportation, energy consumption, and public safety.

Smart city devices can be connected to the internet via a variety of methods, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or a dedicated hub that connects to the internet via an Ethernet cable. Some examples of smart city devices include sensors that monitor traffic flow, air quality, and water usage; smart streetlights that can be dimmed or turned off when they are not needed; and smart parking systems that help drivers find available parking spaces.

By using this technology, cities can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their operations, reduce costs, and improve the quality of life for their citizens. Smart cities can also use data analytics to identify patterns and trends, and to make data-driven decisions about how to allocate resources and address issues.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart City Definition

A smart city is a city that uses technology and data analytics to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of its operations, and to enhance the quality of life for its citizens.

A smart city uses information and communication technology (ICT) to improve operational efficiency, share information with the public and provide a better quality of government service and citizen welfare.

The main goal of a smart city is to optimize city functions and promote economic growth while also improving the quality of life for citizens by using smart technologies and data analysis.

Smart cities are designed to be more efficient, sustainable, and livable, and to provide citizens with better access to services and amenities.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Example of Smart City

There are many examples of smart cities around the world. Some of the most well-known include:

Singapore: Singapore is often cited as one of the most advanced smart cities in the world. The city-state has invested heavily in technology and data analytics to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of its operations, and to enhance the quality of life for its citizens. Some examples of smart city initiatives in Singapore include a network of sensors that monitor traffic flow and air quality, and a smart transportation system that uses data analytics to optimize the routing of buses and taxis.

Barcelona: Barcelona has implemented a range of smart city initiatives to improve the efficiency and sustainability of its operations. These include a network of sensors that monitor air quality, noise levels, and energy consumption, and a smart transportation system that uses data analytics to optimize the routing of public transportation.

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Example of Smart City

3. Songdo, South Korea: Songdo is a purpose-built smart city that was designed from the ground up to be sustainable, efficient, and livable. The city is equipped with a range of smart city technologies, including a network of sensors that monitor traffic flow, air quality, and water usage, and a smart transportation system that uses data analytics to optimize the routing of buses and taxis.

4- Amsterdam: Amsterdam has implemented a range of smart city initiatives to improve the efficiency and sustainability of its operations. These include a network of sensors that monitor air quality, noise levels, and energy consumption, and a smart transportation system that uses data analytics to optimize the routing of public transportation.

5. San Diego: San Diego has implemented a range of smart city initiatives to improve the efficiency and sustainability of its operations. These include a network of sensors that monitor traffic flow, air quality, and water usage, and a smart transportation system that uses data analytics to optimize the routing of public transportation.

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Example of Smart City

Smart City functions

Example 1: Smart Cities, such as Barcelona, Spain, use sensors to control many of their infrastructure systems such as traffic flow, parking, water utilization, and hydro

Example 2: Weight sensors in parking spaces allow drivers to quickly know where there is an available parking spot.

This reduces driving and idling time for the driver and lowers carbon emissions for the environment.

Example 3: Sensors on traffic lights can detect traffic congestion.

This data is sent to the computer system that collects data and make decisions.

The new decisions are sent to actuators that modify red versus green light times to assist the flow of traffic.

This also alleviates idling but also reduces driver frustration and accidents.

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Example

Smart Cities, such as Barcelona, Spain, use sensors to control many of their infrastructure systems such as traffic flow, parking, water utilization, and hydro.

Example 1: Weight sensors in parking spaces allow drivers to quickly know where there is an available parking spot. This reduces driving and idling time for the driver and lowers carbon emissions for the environment.

Example 2: Sensors on traffic lights can detect traffic congestion. This data is sent to the computer system that collects data and make decisions.

The new decisions are sent to actuators that modify red versus green light times to assist the flow of traffic.

This also alleviates idling but also reduces driver frustration and accidents.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

The global smart Cities market

The global Smart Cities Market size to grow from USD 457.0 billion in 2021 to USD 873.7 billion by 2026, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 13.8% during the forecast period.

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Top 5 Smart City in 2022

According to Technavio, the global smart city market size is projected to grow by USD 288.7 billion from 2022 to 2027.

The market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 24.53% during the forecast period. Moreover, the growth momentum will accelerate.

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Smart City Application Examples

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Sample Smart Cities Projects

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History of Smart Cities

The concept of smart cities began as far back as the 1960s and 1970s when the US Community Analysis Bureau began using databases, aerial photography and cluster analysis to collect data, direct resources and issue reports in order to direct services, mitigate against disasters and reduce poverty.

This led to the creation of the first generation of smart cities.

The first generation of smart city was delivered by technology providers to understand the implications of technology on daily life.

This led to the second generation of smart city, which looked at how smart technologies and other innovations could create joined-up municipal solutions.

The third generation of smart city took the control away from technology providers and city leaders, instead creating a model that involved the public and enabled social inclusion and community engagement.

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Smart City Technologies

Smart city technologies refer to a range of technologies and solutions that are used to improve the quality of life and efficiency of urban areas.

These technologies can be used in various sectors, such as transportation, energy, healthcare, public safety, and environmental management, to name a few. Some examples of smart city technologies include:

Intelligent transportation systems: These technologies are used to improve the efficiency and safety of transportation networks, such as traffic management systems, public transportation systems, and electric vehicle charging stations.

Energy management systems: These technologies are used to optimize the use of energy in urban areas, such as smart grids and energy-efficient lighting systems.

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Smart City Technologies

3. Healthcare systems: These technologies are used to improve the delivery of healthcare services in urban areas, such as telemedicine and electronic health records.

4. Public safety systems: These technologies are used to improve public safety in urban areas, such as surveillance cameras, emergency notification systems, and crime prediction software.

5. Environmental management systems: These technologies are used to improve the management of natural resources and the environment in urban areas, such as air quality monitoring systems and waste management systems.

Overall, the goal of smart city technologies is to make urban areas more livable, efficient, and sustainable.

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How Smart Cities Work

Smart cities follow four steps to improve the quality of life and enable economic growth through a network of connected IoT devices and other technologies. These steps are as follows:

1. Collection – Smart sensors gather real-time data

2. Analysis – The data is analyzed to gain insights into the operation of city services and operations

3. Communication – The results of the data analysis are communicated to decision makers

4. Action – Action is taken to improve operations, manage assets and improve the quality of city life for the residents

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Why Smart Cities Are Important

54% of the world’s population live in cities and this is expected to rise to 66% by 2050, adding a further 2.5 billion people to the urban population over the next three decades.

With this expected population growth there comes a need to manage environmental, social and economic sustainability of resources.

Smart cities allow citizens and local government authorities to work together to launch initiatives and use smart technologies to manage assets and resources in the growing urban environment.

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Smart City Challenges

Implementing smart city technologies can present a range of challenges, including:

Funding: One of the main challenges of implementing smart city technologies is the cost. These technologies can be expensive to develop and deploy and finding the necessary funding can be a challenge.

Integration: Another challenge is integrating different smart city technologies and systems so that they work together effectively. This can be especially challenging if different technologies are developed by different vendors or use different protocols and standards.

Data privacy: Smart city technologies often rely on the collection and analysis of large amounts of data, which raises concerns about data privacy and security. Ensuring that data is collected, stored, and used in a way that respects the privacy of individuals is important.

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Smart City Challenges

4.Cybersecurity: Smart city technologies can also be vulnerable to cyber attacks, which can disrupt critical infrastructure and services. Ensuring the security of these technologies is therefore important.

5.Public acceptance: The implementation of smart city technologies can also be challenging if it is not well-received by the public. It is important to involve the public in the planning and implementation of these technologies to ensure that they are accepted and used effectively.

6.Governance: Another challenge is establishing effective governance frameworks for the planning, implementation, and operation of smart city technologies. This includes ensuring that there is a clear and transparent process for decision-making, as well as establishing clear roles and responsibilities for different stakeholders.

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Smart City Challenges

More challenges

Smart city projects need to be transparent and available to citizens via an open data portal or mobile app.

This allows residents to engage with the data and complete personal tasks like paying bills, finding efficient transportation options and assessing energy consumption in the home.

This all requires a solid and secure system of data collection and storage to prevent hacking or misuse. Smart city data also needs to be anonymized to prevent privacy issues from arising.

The largest challenge is quite probably that of connectivity, with thousands or even millions of IoT devices needing to connect and work in unison.

This will allow services to be joined up and ongoing improvements to be made as demand increases.

Technology aside, smart cities also need to account for social factors that provide a cultural fabric that is attractive to residents and offer a sense of place.

This is particularly important for those cities that are being created from the ground up and need to attract residents.

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Are Smart City Secure?

Smart city technologies can be vulnerable to security threats, such as cyber attacks, data breaches, and physical attacks on infrastructure. Ensuring the security of these technologies is therefore important. There are several steps that can be taken to improve the security of smart city technologies, including:

Implementing strong cybersecurity measures: This can include measures such as encryption, secure authentication protocols, and regular software updates to address vulnerabilities.

Ensuring the physical security of infrastructure: This can include measures such as perimeter security, surveillance cameras, and physical barriers to protect against unauthorized access or tampering.

Implementing data privacy safeguards: This can include measures such as data minimization, de-identification, and secure storage and transmission of data to protect against data breaches and unauthorized access.

Establishing governance frameworks: It is important to establish clear roles and responsibilities for different stakeholders and to have a clear and transparent process for decision-making to ensure that smart city technologies are used effectively and securely.

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Are Smart City Secure?

Overall, while smart city technologies have the potential to bring many benefits, it is important to ensure that they are implemented and used in a way that is secure and respects the privacy of individuals.

Smart cities offer plenty of benefits to improve citizen safety, such as connected surveillance systems, intelligent roadways and public safety monitoring, but what about protecting the smart cities themselves?

There is a need to ensure smart cities are protected from cyber attacks, hacking and data theft while also making sure the data that is reported is accurate.

In order to manage the security of smart cities there is a need to implement measures such as physical data vaults, resilient authentication management and ID solutions.

Citizens need to trust the security of smart cities which means government, private sector enterprise, software developers, device manufacturers, energy providers and network service managers need to work together to deliver integrated solutions with core security objectives.

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Are Smart City Secure?

These core security objectives can be broken down as follows:

Availability – Data needs to be available in real time with reliable access in order to make sure it performs it function in monitoring the various parts of the smart city infrastructure

Integrity – The data must not only be readily available, but it must also be accurate. This also means safeguarding against manipulation from outside

Confidentiality – Sensitive data needs to be kept confidential and safe from unauthorized access. This may mean the use of firewalls or the anonymizing of data

Accountability – System users need to be accountable for their actions and interaction with sensitive data systems. Users' logs should record who is accessing the information to ensure accountability should there be any problems

Legislation is already being put in place in different nations, such as the IoT Cybersecurity Improvement Act in the United States to help determine and establish minimum security requirements for connected devices in smart cities.

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Video: Smart City

Smart Cities: Improving Mobility, Access and Safety with Sensor Technology (6 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NylvPFqEmtg

How can cities meet the needs of millions more people? Today city planners and companies are working together to develop the biggest technological innovation yet – the smart city. In this video learn what a smart city is, how sensors are important to developing smart city infrastructure, and the importance of integrating data into that infrastructure. Hear from experts in the field and see examples of powerful smart city applications.

How Smart are Smart Cities? (12 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bRs_SZ0pUY

Smart cities are meant to improve the lives of city dwellers. But these systems require huge amounts of data to work. How is this data collected? And what are the potential pitfalls?

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Smart Healthcare

Smart Healthcare Automation Will Change the Way We Live!

What is Smart Healthcare?

What are definition, functions, benefits, and more.

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IoT is Transforming the Healthcare Industry

Healthcare is about to change beyond recognition.

The need to collect, store, and analyze patient data has driven the healthcare industry to embrace various trending digital technologies.

Internet of Things (IoT)

Cloud Computing

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Wearables to track health vitals

Smart Hospitals

Mobile Healthcare (mHealth)

Real-time monitoring

Better patient experience

Cost Reduction

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT based Smart Healthcare

Internet of Things based smart healthcare refers to the use of internet-connected devices and sensors to monitor and manage healthcare data and processes. These devices and sensors can be used to track various health-related metrics, such as physical activity, heart rate, blood pressure, and sleep patterns, as well as to administer medication and monitor patient vital signs.

IoT based smart healthcare systems can help improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare delivery by enabling real-time monitoring and analysis of patient data, and by enabling healthcare professionals to remotely access and manage patient care. They can also help to reduce the cost of healthcare by automating certain processes and reducing the need for in-person visits.

Some examples of IoT based smart healthcare applications include wearable devices that track and monitor vital signs, remote patient monitoring systems that allow healthcare professionals to remotely monitor the health of patients, and smart pill bottles that alert patients when it is time to take their medication.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Definition of Smart Healthcare

Smart healthcare, also known as digital healthcare or eHealth, refers to the use of digital technologies and data to improve the delivery and quality of healthcare services.

Smart healthcare can be defined as an integration of patients and doctors onto a common platform for intelligent health monitoring by analyzing day-to-day human activities.

Smart healthcare is an open, standards-based technology IoT-based platform that enables innovators to create apps that seamlessly and securely run across the healthcare system.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart healthcare Market

Smart healthcare products are a tool that incorporates advanced technologies to provide patients with improved treatment and enhance the quality of life.

Some of the most popular kinds of smart health care items are smart pills, smart syringes, smart insulin pens, connected inhalers, asthma monitors, electronic health care, etc.

They have reliable patient-related data and assist physicians to properly handle their patients.

The growth of this market is driven by rising chronic illnesses such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, etc.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

The global Smart Healthcare Market

According to Precedence Research, the global smart healthcare market size is predicted to hit around US$ 482.25 billion by 2027, growing at a CAGR of 17.97%.

The global smart healthcare market size was estimated at USD 153.6 billion in 2021 and is expected to witness a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.3% from 2022 to 2030.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT base Smart Healthcare

Advantages:

Improved patient care: IoT based smart healthcare systems can enable real-time monitoring and analysis of patient data, allowing healthcare professionals to quickly identify and address potential issues. They can also enable remote patient monitoring, allowing healthcare professionals to remotely monitor the health of patients and provide care without the need for in-person visits.

Increased efficiency: Smart healthcare systems can help to automate certain processes, such as appointment scheduling and prescription refill requests, which can help to reduce the workload of healthcare professionals and improve the efficiency of healthcare delivery.

Improved patient engagement: IoT based smart healthcare systems can help to empower patients by providing them with access to their own health data and enabling them to be more involved in their own care.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Advantages of IoT smart Healthcare

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Advantages of IoT smart Healthcare

More advantages:

Traditional healthcare is unable to accommodate everyone’s needs due to the tremendous increase in population.

Despite having excellent infrastructure, and cutting-edge technologies, medical services are not approachable or affordable to everyone.

One of the goals of smart healthcare is to help users by educating them about their medical status and keeping them health-aware.

Smart healthcare empowers users to self-manage some emergency situations.

It provides an emphasis on improving the quality and experience of the user.

Smart healthcare helps in utilizing available resources to their maximum potential.

It aids remote monitoring of patients and helps in reducing the cost of the treatment for the user.

It also helps medical practitioners to extend their services without any geographical barriers.

With an increasing trend towards smart cities, an effective smart healthcare system assures a healthy living for its citizens.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT base Smart Healthcare

Disadvantages:

Privacy and security concerns: The use of IoT based systems in healthcare can raise concerns about the privacy and security of sensitive patient data. It is important to ensure that appropriate measures are in place to protect patient privacy and secure data.

Dependency on technology: IoT based smart healthcare systems rely on technology, which can be vulnerable to malfunctions and outages. This can potentially impact the delivery of healthcare services if systems are not functioning properly.

Potential for discrimination: There is a risk that data collected through IoT based smart healthcare systems could be used to discriminate against certain groups of people, such as those with pre-existing conditions. It is important to ensure that data is used ethically and fairly.

Cost: Implementing and maintaining IoT based smart healthcare systems can be expensive, which may be a barrier for some healthcare organizations.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

What are smart medical devices?

Smart medical devices are medical devices that are connected to the internet and can collect, transmit, and analyze data. They can be used to monitor and manage various aspects of healthcare, including patient vital signs, medication administration, and diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

Equipped with wireless IoT technology able to monitor and transmit critical data in real time, a smart medical device links doctors with patients at home or enroute to the hospital.

These devices provide patients a high level of mobility and healthcare providers the ability to remotely monitor patient status.

https://www.smohanty.org/Publications_Journals/2018/Mohanty_IEEE-CEM_2018-Jan_Smart-Healthcare.pdf

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Some examples of smart medical devices

Wearable devices: These are devices that can be worn on the body and track various health-related metrics, such as heart rate, physical activity, and sleep patterns. Examples include fitness trackers and smartwatches.

Remote patient monitoring systems: These are devices that allow healthcare professionals to remotely monitor the health of patients. They can be used to track vital signs and other health metrics, and to alert healthcare professionals to potential issues.

Smart inhalers: These are inhalers that are equipped with sensors and connected to the internet. They can track when the inhaler is used and provide data to healthcare professionals to help them monitor and manage the patient's condition.

Smart pill bottles: These are bottles that contain medication and are equipped with sensors and connected to the internet. They can track when the medication is taken and alert the patient if a dose is missed.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Healthcare IoT devices

Healthcare IoT devices allow medical professionals to collect data on the condition of patients without the risks that come with bringing large numbers of potentially infectious people together in proximity.

Beyond pandemic response use cases, though, they also allow doctors to potentially examine, diagnose and treat larger numbers of patients, as well as expand healthcare to regions where physical access to doctors or hospitals is difficult due to remoteness or difficulty of access.

Smart medical devices can help to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare delivery by enabling real-time monitoring and analysis of patient data, and by enabling healthcare professionals to remotely access and manage patient care. They can also help to reduce the cost of healthcare by automating certain processes and reducing the need for in-person visits.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT Applications in Healthcare

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT Applications in Healthcare

There are many potential applications of IoT (Internet of Things) in healthcare, including:

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

5 IoT Applications in Healthcare

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT Applications in Healthcare

5.Medical devices: Many medical devices, such as pacemakers, insulin pumps, and dialysis machines, can be connected to the internet and equipped with sensors to enable real-time monitoring and analysis of patient data.

6.Electronic health records: Electronic health records (EHRs) are digital versions of a patient's medical history and records. They can be accessed and updated remotely using IoT devices, which can help to improve the efficiency and accuracy of healthcare delivery.

7.Telemedicine: IoT devices can be used to facilitate remote consultations between patients and healthcare professionals, allowing patients to receive care from the comfort of their own homes.

8.Healthcare analytics: IoT devices can generate large amounts of data that can be used to identify trends and patterns in healthcare. This data can be used to inform research and development, as well as to improve the delivery of healthcare services.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

https://www.smohanty.org/Publications_Journals/2018/Mohanty_IEEE-CEM_2018-Jan_Smart-Healthcare.pdf

Smart healthcare Systems classification

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart healthcare Systems classification

There are several ways that smart healthcare systems can be classified:

By type of technology: Smart healthcare systems can be classified based on the types of technology that they use, such as electronic health records (EHRs), telemedicine, wearable devices, or medical devices.

By level of integration: Smart healthcare systems can be classified based on the extent to which they are integrated into healthcare delivery, such as at the patient, healthcare provider, or healthcare system level.

By type of data: Smart healthcare systems can be classified based on the types of data that they collect and analyze, such as patient medical records, vital signs, or genomics data.

By type of application: Smart healthcare systems can be classified based on the specific applications that they are used for, such as disease management, population health management, or precision medicine.

By type of service: Smart healthcare systems can be classified based on the types of services that they provide, such as diagnostic services, treatment services, or preventative care services.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) refers to the use of internet-connected devices and sensors to collect, transmit, and analyze healthcare data. It is a subset of the larger Internet of Things (IoT) and includes a wide range of medical devices and technologies that are used in the healthcare industry.

The use of IoMT can help to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare delivery by enabling real-time monitoring and analysis of patient data, and by enabling healthcare professionals to remotely access and manage patient care. It can also help to reduce the cost of healthcare by automating certain processes and reducing the need for in-person visits.

https://aabme.asme.org/posts/internet-of-medical-things-revolutionizing-healthcare

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Some examples of IoMT devices and technologies

Medical devices: Many medical devices, such as pacemakers, insulin pumps, and dialysis machines, can be connected to the internet and equipped with sensors to enable real-time monitoring and analysis of patient data.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) Market

IoMT’s impact on the healthcare market is undeniable and irreversible.

The global internet of medical things (IoMT) market was valued at US$ 39.3 billion in 2020 and is expected to reach over US$ 172.4 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 15.9% from 2021 to 2030.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

What is the difference between IoT and IoMT?

IoT refers to the network of physical devices, vehicles, buildings, and other objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity to enable them to collect and exchange data.

Similarly, IoMT is a subset of IoT that refers specifically to the use of connected devices in the healthcare industry.

They differ from general IoT not just in terms of usage, but also in design.

IoT is often more consumer-focused, designed to provide maximum convenience and usability.

IoMT devices include a range of medical devices, such as wearable fitness trackers, smart pills, and smart medical equipment, that are used to monitor and manage patient health. IoMT devices can also include non-medical devices, such as smartphones and smart watches, that are used for health-related purposes, such as tracking physical activity or monitoring vital signs.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart Farming

Smart Farming Automation Will Change the Way We Live!

What is Smart Farming?

What are definition, functions, benefits, and more.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to transform the ways we live in the world; we have more-efficient industries, more connected cars, and smarter cities, all these as components of an integrated IoT system.

Read More IoT Applications in Detail

The ever-growing global population would touch around 9.6 billion by 2050. So, to feed this immense population, the agriculture industry needs to embrace IoT. The demand for more food has to meet overcoming challenges such as, rising climate change, extreme weather conditions and environmental impact that results from intensive farming practices.

IOT Transforming The Future Of Agriculture

With the exponential growth of world population, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, the world will need to produce 70% more food in 2050, shrinking agricultural lands, and depletion of finite natural resources, the need to enhance farm yield has become critical.

Limited availability of natural resources such as fresh water and arable land along with slowing yield trends in several staple crops, have further aggravated the problem.

Another impeding concern over the farming industry is the shifting structure of agricultural workforce. Moreover, agricultural labor in most of the countries has declined.

As a result of the declining agricultural workforce, adoption of internet connectivity solutions in farming practices has been triggered, to reduce the need for manual labor.

IoT solutions are focused on helping farmers close the supply demand gap, by ensuring high yields, profitability, and protection of the environment.

The approach of using IoT technology to ensure optimum application of resources to achieve high crop yields and reduce operational costs is called precision agriculture.

IoT in agriculture technologies comprise specialized equipment, wireless connectivity, software and IT services.

https://www.iotsworldcongress.com/iot-transforming-the-future-of-agriculture/

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT based Smart Farming

IoT (Internet of Things) based smart farming refers to the use of IoT technology to improve the efficiency and productivity of farming operations. This can involve the use of sensors, smart devices, and other IoT technologies to monitor and control various aspects of the farming process, such as irrigation, temperature, humidity, and soil quality.

One example of an IoT based smart farming solution is the use of sensors to monitor soil moisture levels and automatically control irrigation systems to provide the optimal amount of water for crops. This can help to reduce water waste and improve crop yield.

Other examples of IoT based smart farming solutions include the use of smart devices to monitor and control temperature and humidity in greenhouses, the use of sensors to track the location and movement of livestock, and the use of drones or other aerial vehicles to collect data on crop health and soil conditions.

Overall, the use of IoT technology in farming can help to increase efficiency, reduce costs, and improve the sustainability of farming operations.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT basd Smart Farming

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Definition of Smart Farming

"Smart farming" is an emerging concept that refers to managing farms using technologies like IoT, robotics, drones and AI to increase the quantity and quality of products while optimizing the human labor required by production.

Many believe that IoT can add value to all areas of farming, from growing crops to forestry.

While there are several ways that IoT can improve farming, two of the major ways IoT can revolutionize agriculture are precision farming and farming automation.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT Smart Farming

There are several advantages to using IoT technology in smart farming, including:

1.Increased efficiency: Smart farming solutions can help to optimize various aspects of the farming process, such as irrigation and pest control, leading to increased efficiency and productivity.

2.Improved crop yield: By using sensors and other IoT devices to monitor soil conditions, weather patterns, and other factors that impact crop health, farmers can take more informed decisions to improve crop yield.

3.Reduced costs: Smart farming solutions can help to reduce costs by optimizing resource usage, such as water and fertilizer, and by reducing the need for labor.

4.Improved sustainability: The use of IoT technology in farming can help to reduce resource waste and increase the sustainability of farming operations.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT Smart Farming

There are some potential Disadvantages when using IoT based smart farming, including:

Initial costs: Implementing IoT technology in farming can be expensive, especially for small farmers who may not have the resources to invest in the necessary equipment.

Dependence on technology: Smart farming solutions can be vulnerable to technical failures or cyber attacks, which could disrupt operations and lead to losses.

Data privacy: The use of IoT technology in farming can generate large amounts of data, which raises concerns about data privacy and security.

Lack of standardization: There is currently a lack of standardization in the IoT industry, which can make it difficult for farmers to choose the right products and ensure interoperability between different devices.

Regulatory challenges: There may be regulatory challenges to overcome when implementing IoT technology in farming, depending on the country or region.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

The global Smart Farming Market Size

The global smart agriculture market size was estimated at US$ 18.12 billion in 2021 and it is expected to hit US$ 43.37 billion by 2030 with a registered CAGR of 10.2% from 2022 to 2030.

https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/smart-agriculture-market-239736790.html

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart Farming Technology

Smart farming technology refers to the use of advanced technologies, such as sensors, drones, and robotics, to improve the efficiency, productivity, and sustainability of farming operations. Some examples of smart farming technology include:

Sensors: Sensors can be used to monitor various aspects of the farming process, such as soil moisture levels, temperature, humidity, and air quality. This data can be used to optimize irrigation, pest control, and other farming practices.

Drones: Drones equipped with sensors and cameras can be used to collect data on crop health, soil conditions, and other factors that impact farming operations. Drones can also be used to spray crops with pesticides or fertilizers.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart Farming Technology

3.Robotics: Robotics technology is being developed for a range of farming tasks, such as planting seeds, weeding, and harvesting crops. The use of robotics can help to reduce labor costs and increase efficiency.

4.Precision agriculture: Precision agriculture involves the use of GPS and other technologies to precisely control farming operations, such as fertilization and irrigation, based on real-time data and analysis. This can help to optimize resource usage and improve crop yield.

5. Vertical farming: Vertical farming involves growing crops in a controlled environment, using hydroponics or other methods, to optimize conditions for plant growth. This can be done in urban or other land-limited areas and can increase the efficiency and sustainability of farming operations.

Overall, the use of smart farming technology can help to increase the efficiency, productivity, and sustainability of farming operations, while also reducing costs and increasing the competitiveness of the agriculture industry.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart Farming Technology

Sensors: soil, water, light, humidity, temperature management

Software: specialized software solutions that target specific farm types or applications agnostic IoT platforms

Connectivity: cellular, LoRa

Location: GPS, Satellite

Robotics: Autonomous tractors, processing facilities

Data analytics: standalone analytics solutions, data pipelines for downstream solutions

https://www.iotforall.com/smart-farming-future-of-agriculture

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT in Smart Farming Applications

Some examples of IoT smart farming applications include:

Smart irrigation: IoT sensors can be used to monitor soil moisture levels and automatically control irrigation systems to provide the optimal amount of water for crops. This can help to reduce water waste and improve crop yield.

Crop monitoring: IoT sensors and drones can be used to collect data on crop health, soil conditions, and other factors that impact farming operations. This data can be used to optimize fertilization, pest control, and other farming practices.

Livestock tracking: IoT sensors can be used to track the location and movement of livestock, allowing farmers to monitor the health and well-being of their animals in real-time.

Greenhouse monitoring: Smart devices can be used to monitor and control temperature and humidity in greenhouses, optimizing conditions for plant growth.

Supply chain management: IoT sensors and RFID (radio-frequency identification) tags can be used to track the movement of goods in the agriculture supply chain, improving efficiency and reducing waste.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Video: Smart Farming

What is IoT and what does it mean for farmers? (3 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pOLAIVUs9S8

This video to help explain what the Internet of Things (IoT) is and what it means for farmers.

Smart Farming: How Robots and AI Can Help Us with Farming (13 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfCEQgx4d-4

The world's population is growing steadily and efficient agriculture is becoming increasingly important. That's why a lot of research is being done on smart farming. Smart farming means agriculture supported by robots, autonomous systems and AI.

IoT Smart Agriculture Monitoring & Automatic Irrigation System using ESP8266 (10 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tl4qblr5dlo

In this video, we will make an IoT-based smart agriculture monitoring & automatic irrigation system using ESP8266 NodeMCU and Blynk IoT Cloud.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart Farming Communication Technologies

Smart farming relies on a variety of communication technologies to enable the exchange of data and information between different devices, sensors, and systems. Some examples of the types of communication technologies that might be used in a smart farming system include:

Wireless networking: Smart farming systems often use wireless networking technologies, such as WiFi or cellular networks, to allow devices and sensors to communicate with one another and with central servers or cloud-based systems.

Radio frequency (RF) communication: RF communication is commonly used in smart farming systems to allow devices to communicate over short distances, such as between sensors and control systems in a single field or greenhouse.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart Farming Communication Technologies

3.Satellite communication: In some cases, smart farming systems may use satellite communication technologies to allow devices to communicate in remote or hard-to-reach locations.

4.Bluetooth: Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communication technology that is often used in smart farming systems to allow devices to communicate with one another and with smartphones or other handheld devices.

5.Internet of Things (IoT) protocols: IoT protocols, such as MQTT and CoAP, are used to enable communication between different devices and systems in a smart farming system.

Overall, the communication technology used in a smart farming system will depend on the specific requirements of the farm and the devices and systems being used. It is important to choose communication technologies that are reliable, secure, and able to handle the data and communication needs of the system.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart Wearable

Smart Wearable Will Change the Way We do sport!

What is Smart Wearable? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Just like smart homes, wearables remain a hot topic too among potential IOT applications. Every year, consumers all across the globe await the release of Apple’ smartwatch. Apart from this, there are plenty of other wearable devices that make our life easy such as the Sony Smart B Trainer, or LookSee bracelet, the Myo gesture control.

IoT based Smart Wearable

IoT-based smart wearables are devices that are worn on the body and are connected to the internet through the Internet of Things (IoT). These devices can sense, collect, and transmit data about the wearer's activities, environment, and health, and can often be controlled and accessed through a smartphone or other device. Some examples of IoT-based smart wearables include:

Fitness trackers: These devices are worn on the wrist or waist and track the wearer's physical activity, sleep patterns, and other health metrics. They can often be synced with smartphone apps to allow users to view and analyze their data.

Smartwatches: Smartwatches are wearable devices that can function as both fitness trackers and smart phones. They can display notifications, run apps, and track the wearer's activity and health metrics.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT based Smart Wearable

3.Smart glasses: These devices are worn on the head and can display information in the wearer's field of view. They can be used for a variety of applications, such as augmented reality, navigation, and hands-free communication.

4.Smart clothing: Smart clothing is clothing that includes embedded sensors and other technology to monitor the wearer's activity and environment. Examples include shirts that track heart rate and posture, and socks that track foot movement and prevent blisters.

Overall, IoT-based smart wearables offer a convenient way for users to track and monitor their health and activity and can be a useful tool for improving wellness and productivity.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Definition of Smart Wearables

Smart wearables are devices that are worn on the body and have computing and connectivity capabilities. They are designed to provide users with various features and functions, such as tracking fitness and health metrics, receiving notifications, and interacting with other devices.

Wearables is a hot topic in the market, it covers wide range of purposes ranging from medical, wellness to fitness.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart Wearable Market

The shipment volume of smart wearables globally stood at 266.3 million units in 2020, and it is projected to reach 776.23 million units by 2026, registering a CAGR of 19.48% during the period of 2021-2026.

https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/smart-wearables-market

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Advantages and Disadvantages IoT based smart Wearable

IoT-based smart wearables offer several advantages, including:

Convenience: Smart wearables are designed to be worn on the body, which makes them convenient to use and access throughout the day. They can often be controlled and accessed through a smartphone or other device, making it easy to track and monitor activity and health metrics.

Improved wellness: Smart wearables can track a wide range of health metrics, such as heart rate, sleep patterns, and physical activity, which can help users to improve their overall wellness and fitness.

Increased productivity: Smart wearables can provide notifications and alerts and can run apps and other tools that can help users to be more productive and efficient.

Enhanced safety: Some smart wearables, such as those that track location and activity, can provide an extra layer of safety and security, particularly in cases where the wearer may be isolated or at risk.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Advantages and Disadvantages IoT based smart Wearable

Disadvantages are conceded as:

Cost: Some smart wearables can be expensive, particularly those that include advanced features and technology.

Privacy concerns: Smart wearables can collect a lot of personal data about the wearer, which can raise concerns about privacy and data security.

Dependence on technology: Smart wearables can be convenient and helpful, but they also rely on technology, which means that they can be vulnerable to technical problems or malfunctions.

Limited battery life: Many smart wearables have limited battery life, which can be inconvenient if they need to be charged frequently.

Overall, it is important to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of IoT-based smart wearables carefully before deciding whether to use them.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Sample Smart Wearable Devices

Watches.

Fitness trackers.

Hearables.

Smart clothing.

Glasses.

Smart jewelry.

Wearable cameras.

Body sensors.

Others

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Wearable Technology in Healthcare

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Smart Wearable in Sport and Fitness

Smart wearables have become increasingly popular in the sports and fitness industry, as they provide users with a convenient way to track and monitor their physical activity and performance. These devices often have sensors that can measure metrics such as steps taken, distance traveled, heart rate, and calories burned, and they may also offer features such as GPS tracking, training plans, and personalized coaching.

Smart wearables can be used by athletes and fitness enthusiasts to set and track goals, monitor progress, and improve their performance. They can also be used by trainers and coaches to help their clients track their workouts and progress, and to provide personalized feedback and guidance.

In addition to fitness tracking, some smart wearables also offer other features that can be useful for sports and fitness activities. For example, some devices have water resistance, which makes them suitable for use in aquatic activities, and others have features such as music playback or contactless payment capabilities that can be convenient during workouts or other physical activities.

Overall, smart wearables have become an important tool for athletes, fitness enthusiasts, and trainers, as they provide a convenient and effective way to track and monitor physical activity and performance.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Future of Wearable Technology

There are many potential developments and innovations that could shape the future of wearable technology. Some examples of these could include:

Enhanced functionality: As wearable technology becomes more advanced; it is likely that the features and functions available on these devices will also become more sophisticated. For example, we may see the development of smart wearables that can monitor and track a wider range of health metrics, such as sleep quality, heart rate variability, and stress levels.

Improved design: Wearable technology has come a long way in terms of design, but there is still room for improvement. In the future, we may see wearables that are more stylish, comfortable, and versatile, making them more appealing to a wider range of users.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Future of Wearable Technology

Increased integration with other devices: One of the key benefits of wearable technology is its ability to connect with and interact with other devices. In the future, we may see a greater level of integration between wearables and other technologies, such as smart home systems, automobiles, and virtual and augmented reality devices.

Enhanced security and privacy: As wearables become more prevalent and collect more data, it will be important for manufacturers to prioritize security and privacy. In the future, we may see the development of new technologies and protocols to help ensure the safety and confidentiality of data collected by wearable devices.

Greater adoption in the healthcare industry: Wearable technology has the potential to revolutionize the way healthcare is delivered, by providing doctors and other healthcare professionals with real-time data about their patients' health. In the future, we may see a wider adoption of wearables in the healthcare industry, as these devices become more accurate and reliable.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Wearable Technology and Metaverse

The metaverse is a term used to describe a shared virtual space that can be accessed through the internet, where users can interact with each other and with virtual objects and environments in real time. Wearable technology has the potential to play a significant role in the development and evolution of the metaverse.

One potential application of wearable technology in the metaverse is in the form of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) devices. These devices, which are worn on the head or body, allow users to experience immersive virtual environments and to interact with them in a way that feels natural and intuitive. Wearable VR and AR devices could be used to access and explore virtual worlds within the metaverse, allowing users to experience new forms of entertainment, social interaction, and education.

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UoNA-ST560-Winter - 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)

Wearable Technology and Metaverse

Another way that wearable technology could be used in the metaverse is using sensors and other types of wearable devices that allow users to interact with virtual objects and environments in a more realistic and immersive way.

For example, a user might wear gloves that allow them to touch and manipulate virtual objects as if they were real or use a wearable device to control their movement and actions within the virtual world.

Overall, wearable technology has the potential to enhance the user experience in the metaverse by enabling more immersive and interactive forms of interaction with virtual environments and objects.

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Video: Smart Wearable

The Future of Tech is Wearables (8 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCvwPAZx_o0

Wearable NFTs anyone? Fashion marketplaces selling looks for the Metaverse (5 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRqjnM2yv-s

Would you pay tens of thousands of bucks to buy clothes that you could never wear in real life?

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Smart Car

What is Smart Car? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.

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Connected car technology is a vast and an extensive network of multiple sensors, antennas, embedded software, and technologies that assist in communication to navigate in our complex world. It has the responsibility of making decisions with consistency, accuracy, and speed. It also has to be reliable. These requirements will become even more critical when humans give up entirely the control of the steering wheel and brakes to the autonomous or automated vehicles that are being successfully tested on our highways right now.

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Smart Car

Connected to various media technologies such as smart phones or navigation systems, automobiles today are transforming into so-called 'smart cars’.

Smart cars are not just mechanical devices, but information media systems.

The smart car is a prosthesis that assists the driver, enhancing the original function of the car, and provides a new place environment to the driver by composing a hybrid space where information space and actual space are fused. T

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https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/168509/1/Lee-Kim.pdf

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What is a Smart Car?

Also known as intelligent cars, smart cars are vehicles that are equipped with system-driven forms of artificial intelligence.

The underlying concept of the smart car is to free the driver from many of the mundane tasks associated with driving, making the act of driving more pleasant.

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Self-driven Cars

Self-driving cars are revolutionizing transportation.

The cars are equipped with many ultrasound sensors, cameras, precision GPSs, and computers.

The combination of the on-board equipment allows the computers to identify, other cars, lanes, pedestrians, and obstructions.

This information allows the car to stay in its lane, stop when required, and weave around obstructions.

Some of the manufacturers in the "autonomous car" market are Tesla Motors, General Motors, Volvo, and Mercedes-Benz.

Corporations such as Waymo, Google's sibling, and Uber are also designing and testing the technology.

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Self-driven Cars

The road to complete autonomy using this technology is complicated.

There have been many high-profile crashes and some serious accidents involving self-driving cars.

Some states within the USA have already approved limited use of self-driving cars but researchers believe it will be a few years before the technology becomes mainstream.

Once the technology is proven, what is next? Self-driving trucks? Airplanes? Trains?

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Self-driven Cars

We’ve seen a lot about self-driven cars. Google tried it out, Tesla tested it, and even Uber produced a version of self-driven cars that it later shelved.

Since it’s human lives on the roads that we’re dealing with, we need to ensure the technology has all that it takes to ensure better safety for the passenger and those on the roads.

The cars use several sensors and embedded systems connected to the Cloud and the internet to keep generating data and sending them to the Cloud for informed decision-making through Machine Learning.

Though it will take a few more years for the technology to evolve completely and for countries to amend laws and policies, what we’re witnessing right now is one of the best applications of IoT.

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Self-driven Cars

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Video: Self Driving Cars

How Do Self-Driving Cars Actually Work? (10 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMH8dk9b3yA

Tesla has just launched its new self-driving semi truck, and other companies like Google and Volvo are hot on their tails in the self-driving automobile industry. But how do these cars actually work?

How Does Tesla's Autopilot Work? (9 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECmG0nNJE98

Top 6 Autonomous Vehicles & Companies to watch in 2021-2022 (11 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bdFi3RToOBk

Self-driving technology is the next big thing?

As the development of self-driving cars progresses at a rapid clip, numerous companies have stated their intentions to market and sell autonomous automobiles.

Apple, recently announced that it would be producing a self-driving car for consumers by 2024.

Amazon acquired the start up Zoox recently.

Many companies are working on developing self-driving cars, software and hardware for autonomous vehicles of all types.

But some are further along in terms of real-world testing and practical experience than others. Here are the top 6 startups/companies in autonomous driving technology.

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Smart Grid

What is Smart Grid? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.

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Smart Grid

One of the many useful IoT examples, a smart grid, is a holistic solution that applies an extensive range of Information Technology resources that enable existing and new gridlines to reduce electricity waste and cost.

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What Is the Smart Grid?

A smart grid is an electricity network based on digital technology that is used to supply electricity to consumers via two-way digital communication.

This system allows for monitoring, analysis, control and communication within the supply chain to help improve efficiency, reduce energy consumption and cost, and maximize the transparency and reliability of the energy supply chain.

The technologies that make today’s IoT-enabled energy grid “smart” include wireless devices such as sensors, radio modules, gateways and routers.

These devices provide the sophisticated connectivity and communications that empower consumers to make better energy usage decisions, allow cities to save electricity and expense, and enables power authorities to more quickly restore power after a blackout.

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The global Smart Grid Market size

According to Precedence Research, the smart grid market size is projected to be worth around US$ 162.4 billion by 2030 and expanding growth at a CAGR of 18.2% from 2021 to 2030.

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Benefits of Smart Grid

Smart grid technology can be expressed in a single sentence: a new electric grid with two-way communication.

Smart Grid Enables Renewable and efficient Energy Generation

Real time Billing information, Better Predictions, more Reliable power

Smart grid is resilient, efficient and green which is good environment

The Smart Grid as the Backbone of the Modern Smart City

Wireless technology will replace thousands of miles of cable that would have been needed to advance the smart grid to where it is today.

Working with smart devices and smart home

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Benefits of Smart Grid

Creating smart job opportunities

Reduce fuel costs

The smart grid is the IoT that attends to energy systems.

Utility companies use smart grid technologies to find energy efficiencies through various means, including monitoring energy consumption, predicting energy shortages and power outages, and gathering data on how different individuals and companies use energy.

The average individual can also use insights from the smart grid to assess their own energy use and find efficiencies in their household.

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Why Smart Grid

The growing trend today is for municipalities to move toward smart grid technologies for a range of reasons.

Need to improve energy usage,

Provide better customer service to their citizens,

Prepare for disasters and upgrade aging technology that is expensive to maintain

As well, advances in technology have made wireless, both cellular and RF (radio frequency), affordable and easy to use in smart grid applications.

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Why Smart Grid

According to Scientific American there are 200,000 miles of high voltage transmission lines in the United States that collectively carry more than one million megawatts of electricity.

The problem for the U.S. is that a lot of this infrastructure was built in the twentieth century in a multi-billion-dollar project conceived and executed largely before the invention of the Internet, and certainly before cellular (and RF technologies) technology emerged as a viable replacement of expensive cable.

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How Smart Cities Are Adopting Smart Grid Technology

Smart city applications include everything from smart city lighting, energy management and intelligent traffic management to water treatment and wastewater management.

Sensors in traffic lights can send information back to a central authority for decision making.

With intelligent traffic systems, both surface traffic and public transportation can be managed with routing and traffic lighting to improve or eliminate congestion.

IoT sensors in streetlights can also adjust off and on timing and brightness according to real time conditions.

Sensors can also send out an alert if a light needs servicing.

No need to wait for a call from an angry customer complaining about streetlights being out.

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Application of Smart Grid

fault protection, outage management, dynamic control of voltage, weather data integration, centralized capacitor bank control, distribution and substation automation, advanced sensing, automated feeder reconfiguration.

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Videos for Smart Grid

The Future of Energy: Smart Grid and the Industrial IoT (4 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0ZQc3tJCwQ

The power grid is changing. With the proliferation of renewable generation technologies and drive to improve demand response, the grid's current architecture must change to realize the promise of the IIoT.

The Smart Grid Explained - An Understanding for Everyone

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4L31dHXP6i0 EPCE, the Energy Providers Coalition for Education (www.epceonline.org) with Common Craft present this video intended to provide a simple explanation of what smart grid does, is capable of and why it's important.

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Industrial IoT (IIoT)

What is Industrial IoT (IIoT)? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.

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What is the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)

The industrial internet of things (IIoT) refers to the extension and use of the internet of things (IoT) in industrial sectors and applications.

With a strong focus on machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, big data, and machine learning, the IIoT enables industries and enterprises to have better efficiency and reliability in their operations.

The IIoT encompasses industrial applications, including robotics, medical devices, and software-defined production processes.

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Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) market size worldwide

The global market for industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) was sized at over 263 billion U.S. dollars in 2021. The market is expected to grow in size in the coming years, reaching some 1.11 trillion U.S. dollars by 2028.

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Application of IIoT

IIoT can be used to monitor and control the heating, lighting, energy consumption, fire protection, employee safety and many other systems for multiple buildings from a central location.

The real-time machine data can be transferred to a central cloud application, using industrial communication networks.

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Use of IIoT by industrial companies

ABB: Smart robotics

Airbus: Factory of the Future

Amazon: Reinventing warehousing

Boeing: Using IoT to drive manufacturing efficiency

Bosch: Track and trace innovator

Caterpillar: An IIoT pioneer

Fanuc: Helping to minimize downtime in factories

Gehring: A pioneer in connected manufacturing

Hitachi: An integrated IIoT approach

John Deere: Self-driving tractors and more

Shell: Smart oil field innovator

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Benefits of IIoT

Increase productivity and uptime.

Improve process efficiencies.

Accelerate innovation.

Reduce asset downtime.

Enhance operational efficiency.

Create end-to-end operational visibility.

Improve product quality.

Reduce operating costs.

Predictive Maintenance.

Quality Control.

Safer Operating Environment for Workers. ...

Inventory/Supply Chain Management.

Process Optimization.

Customer Satisfaction.

AI Supercharging IIoT.

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Manufactures are using (IIoT)

For supply chain to delivery

For organized view of production,

For process and product data,

For big data analytics and predictive modeling,

For prevent defects and downtime,

For maximize equipment performance,

For cut warranty costs,

For boost production yield and enhance the customer experience.

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What is difference between IoT and IIoT?

They both connect devices to the internet and make them smarter.

The difference is that IoT works to make consumers live more convenient and easier, where IIoT works to increase safety and efficiency on production facilities.

IoT is B2C (business-to-consumer) and IIoT is B2B (business-to-business).

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Security considerations and challenges of IIoT

Many security problems associated with the IIoT stem from a lack of basic security measures in place.

With IIoT implementations, three areas need to be focused on: availability, scalability, and security.

Security, however, is where many can stumble when integrating the IIoT into their operations.

Manufacturers should bIIoT adopters have responsibility of securing the setup and use of their connected devices, but device manufacturers have the obligation of protecting their consumers when they roll out their products.

e able to ensure the security of the users and provide preventive measures or remediation when security issues arise.

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IIoT - The 4th Industrial Revolution

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Video: IIoT

What is the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)? (9 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HmbUJEShA-8

IIoT vs Digital Transformation vs Industry 4.0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-ALemUcgsU

We get this question so often that we decided to make a video to explain what is IIoT? What is Industry 4.0? And what is Digital Transformation? And how do they relate!

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IoT Smart Retail Shop

What is IoT Smart retail shop? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.

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What is smart retail in IoT?

In the future, data gathered in stores has unlimited potential in helping retailers improve operational efficiency, better understand their customers and deliver personalized experiences: dynamic pricing, personalized offers and customized products and services.

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Applications of IoT technology for Retail

The installation of WiFi trackers in commercial spaces allows you to collect and record the unique signal that each phone sends in the search for WiFi network and use that information to track the customer through an area and build a profile around their buying habits.

For example, we can collect:

Time that customers smartphone has waited on the checkout line

What time customer came in

What time customer left

Doors used by customers

Areas of the store visited by customers

Customer stay time in each area

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Meshlium Scanner

Small Tracker

Medium Tracker

Carbon Dioxide Monitor

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IoT in retail industry

The use of IoT in retail industry is tightly connected to GPS and RFID technologies that help brands track products through the entire supply chain process.

It gives retailers the visibility they need to monitor product movement, conditions and track location as well as predict a precise delivery time.

Amazon.com alone made an incredible leap from an average of 2 billion monthly visitors in 2019 to 2.3 billion in 2020 and a record 2.8 billion in February 2021.

Today’s technology has the capability to break the wall between brand, product, and customer. Many brands have already started turning to IoT in retail which is expected to grow to $94.44 billion through 2025.

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IoT Market in Retail Applications

NEW YORK, Feb. 21, 2022 /PRNewswire/ --

The Internet of Things (IoT) market in retail applications is expected to grow by USD 44.80 bn from 2021 to 2026, according to Technavio.

However, the growth momentum of the market will decelerate at a CAGR of 16.48%.

Technavio analyzes the market by technology (RFID, sensors, NFC, cloud services, and others) and geography (APAC, North America, Europe, MEA, and South America).

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Advantages of using IoT in Retail

Reduce inventory costs.

Improve customer satisfaction.

Automate your inventory control.

Facilitate inventory control.

Keep track of your margins.

Improve your forecasting.

Adopt a just-in-time relationship with suppliers.

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The role of Internet of Things in retail industry

The concept of IoT opens a wide range of opportunities in many fields, including transportation, healthcare, workplace, and retail.

These two most common applications of IoT in retail sector give a general idea of how this technology can be used in this space:

Data gathering and sharing. Using sensors, retail IoT devices, products and environments can collect important data on an entire product and shopping lifecycle. After this data is processed and analyzed, it is transformed into valuable insights that help retail managers make informed decisions and improve retail experience and operations

Acting based on collected data. IoT-enabled machines and connected stores can be partially or fully automated to drive efficiency, sustainability and resilience to retail operations and processes.

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https://www.digiteum.com/internet-of-things-retail-industry/#:~:text=The%20use%20of%20IoT%20in,predict%20a%20precise%20delivery%20time.

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Retail Applications

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IoT Retail Shops

If you haven’t already seen the video of Amazon, Go – the concept store from the eCommerce giant, you should check it out right away. Perhaps this is the best use of the technology in bridging the gap between an online store and a retail store.

The retail store allows you to go cashless by deducting money from your Amazon wallet.

It also adds items to your cart in real-time when you pick products from the shelves.

If you change your mind and pick up another article, the previous one gets deleted and replaces your cart with the new item.

The best part of the concept store is that there is no cashier to bill your products.

You don’t have to stand in line but just step out after you pick up your products from shelves. If this technology is effective enough to fetch more patronage, this is sure to become a norm in the coming years.

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Customer experience optimization with IoT

Personalized communications based on IoT-collected data

Target uses IoT-based beacons to collect user data and send hyper-personalized content.

A visitor can download a Target mobile app for iOS and Android and get product recommendations corresponding to the department they are shopping in.

The system of notifications operates like a newsfeed, where all content is sorted by relevance based on the part of the store the user’s exploring.

This way, Target successfully shifts the focus to the customer, manages to communicate with in-store visitors more efficiently, and cuts the idle browsing time.

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Customer experience optimization with IoT

Optimizing product usage

Rolls Royce uses the Internet of Things to improve the maintenance of its aircraft engines.

The brand collects data about the state of an engine on a daily basis and alerts clients as soon as there’s a need for active maintenance.

This way, end-users can avoid damage while the brand receives important information on product usage to further improve design and performance.

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Customer experience optimization with IoT

Monitor and predict in-store wait times

Disney World has introduced its first IoT-enabled wearable MagicBand to provide guests with better service, manage lines, automate payment and guest management, etc.

Today's MagicBand offers guests a wide range of features for exciting immersive experiences around Disney World and soon also in Disneyland.

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Customer experience optimization with IoT

Using wearables for loyalty programs

Wearable technology has been a known success for fitness and healthcare.

However, wearable IoT application in retail is not limited to tracking location data.

In fact, retail companies can benefit from using wearables in many different ways, for example, to identify loyal clients and provide extra services.

Hotels use wristbands to identify premium guests and offer bonuses and discount programs for their stay.

Wristbands are a non-invasive way to offer a loyalty program and say ‘thank you’ to those who have supported the brand for a long time.

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Customer experience optimization with IoT

Keep the customer updated on the product delivery status

ParceLive is a shipment tracking service that allows users to monitor parcels in real-time.

The company tracks deliveries with built-in GPS trackers and collects data on shipping speed, conditions and location.

Using the data from a combination of sensors, the company can even alert clients if their package was dropped or potentially damaged.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSkGRhcWG0Y

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Future Retail Shopping

Innovations like the Internet of Things (IoT), AI and robotics are transforming our world in endlessly inventive ways.

One sector experiencing a massive impact from this tech is retail – IoT features, and functions are endlessly evolving to meet the shifting demands of the next generations of shoppers.

The future of retail will feature a high level of online penetration.

The best suppliers will establish direct-to-consumer relationships, where retailers will no longer serve as the gatekeeper to the customer.

Walmart Metaverse Shopping envisions a more complicated online shopping experience is an example for future retail shops!

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https://firedome.io/blog/retail-revolution-the-future-of-iot-for-shoppers/

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The future of retail is on the Internet of Things

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Video: IoT Smart Retail Shop

Amazon Go – SNL (3 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zS9U3Gc832Y

A commercial advertises a new grab-and-go shopping experience.

An Inside Look At How Amazon Go Works (10 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qo89Ed-PYQ8

An Inside Look At How Amazon Go Works In this video, we break down An Inside Look At How Amazon Go Works.

This is how Walmart envisions Shopping in the Metaverse! (3 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6UYGwPaLf8

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IoT Smart Traffic Management

What is IoT Smart Traffic Management? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.

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How IoT is used in traffic management?

Sensors installed in key locations may collect data on high-traffic crossings and areas where cars are diverted using IoT technology.

Big data may be used to further analyze this information and determine alternate routes, as well as improve traffic signals to reduce congestion.

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U.S. smart Traffic Management System Market

The global intelligent traffic management system market size was valued at USD 9.70 billion in 2021 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.1% from 2022 to 2030.

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Benefits IoT for Traffic Management

Enhance Customer Experience.

Improved Safety.

Operational Performance.

Environmental Improvements.

Traffic Management.

Toll and Ticketing.

Connected Cars.

Vehicle Tracking Systems.

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How is the Internet of things being used in Traffic management?

One of the most significant infrastructure challenges faced by emerging countries today is traffic management.

Developed nations and smart cities are already taking advantage of IoT to reduce traffic congestion.

Smart traffic management, includes elements such as smart parking sensors, smart lighting, smart roads, and smart accident aid, among others.

Managing Traffic Lights

Management and Prevention of Road - Accidents

Cameras and Sensors

Parking with Insight

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Video: Smart Traffic Management

AI Based IoT Road Safety and Traffic Management (6 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UekJZEaw9Ec

Vehicle tracking and traffic data collection are of great significance with applications in intelligent traffic management, law enforcement, road infrastructure development as well as intelligent cities.

Smart Traffic Management System Using Internet of Things (2 min student project)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XiVn1a2yTEE

We are presenting an innovation project for the betterment of our existing traffic regulation and surveillance system. The project will watch the traffic density and according to that it will operate the signals.

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More IoT Applications

IoT Sensors

IoT Data Analytics

IoT Tracking and Monitoring System

IoT Connected Factory

IoT Supply Chain Management

IoT in Transportation

IoT - Advanced Advertising

IoT Water/ Waste Management

IoT in Education

IoT Identity Protection

IoT in Banking

IoT in Government

IoT in Defense

IoT Environmental

IoT Law Enforcement

IoT Asst tracking

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Conclusion

The above applications of the Internet of Things give us only a partial picture of the enormous potential of this technology.

Creating smart connected systems in home, city, health, farms and other areas provides a great many benefits for citizens around the world, not only to improve quality of life, but also to ensure sustainability and the best possible use of resources.

The quality of smart applications are dependent on a unified approach from government as well as the private sector and users themselves.

With the correct support and infrastructure, however, smart applications can use advances such as the Internet of Things to enhance the lives of residents and create joined-up living solutions for the growing global relationship.

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References/Video Clips

Cisco Skills For All

The 5G Revolution: The Internet of Things Meets Everything: How 5G technology is enabling the revolution and where it’s headed next.

http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/pages/iot-meets-everything.html?cid=PS_02_35_07_00_01_16_01&mkwid=D86thBjn

Redefining Mobility: The Internet of Things Meets Cars: Connected cars open up new opportunities to reduce traffic and make transportation more efficient.

http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/pages/iot-meets-cars. html

The Connected Consumer: The Internet of Things Meets Retail: The Internet of Things will empower shoppers and force companies to provide better products, services and experiences in what will extend a golden age for consumer choice.

http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/pages/iot-meets-retail.html

Mobile Medicine: The Internet of Things Meets Health: Healthcare system welcomes the Internet of Things. it has the potential to totally change the way US healthcare works.

http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/pages/iot-meets-health.html

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References/Video Clips

The 5 Biggest Internet Of Things (IoT) Trends In 2022: A lot of things are happening on the Internet of Things (IoT) world. In 2022, we will see an ever-growing number of devices become smart and connected. Here are some of the trends that will reshape the IoT space over the next year.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BzxA_ue00r0&t=37s

THE FUTURE OF IOT: Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things - What to Expect in 2022: We're all surrounded by smart devices - the internet of things. And now we have artificial intelligence to make them smarter than ever before! With this technology changing so many industries, it's important that we understand what AI is and how it works.

Business Finance - Management Assignment 10

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