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Lecture Topics

Individual Behavior
Motivation

INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR

Personality

The profile of characteristics that makes one person unique from others

Personality refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving.

Personality

“Big Five” personality traits

Five broad domains of human psychology

Meyers Briggs Type Indicator

Psychometric tools – questionnaires or tools that measure an individual’s personality, intelligence, and aptitude

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® personality inventory is to make the theory of psychological types described by C. G. Jung understandable and useful in people's lives.

The essence of the theory is that much seemingly random variation in the behavior is actually quite orderly and consistent, being due to basic differences in the ways individuals prefer to use their perception and judgment.

We can understand people’s interests, reactions, values, motivations, and skills.

Personality

Meyers Briggs Type Indicator

Extravert or Introvert

Favorite world: Do you prefer to focus on the outer world or on your own inner world?

Sensing or Intuition

Information: Do you prefer to focus on the basic information you take in or do you prefer to interpret and add meaning?

Thinking or Feeling

Decisions: When making decisions, do you prefer to first look at logic and consistency or first look at the people and special circumstances?

Judging or Perceiving

Structure: In dealing with the outside world, do you prefer to get things decided or do you prefer to stay open to new information and options?

Emotions, Moods, and Stress

Emotions

Strong feelings directed toward someone or something

Emotional intelligence

Ability to understand emotions and manage relationships effectively

Emotions, Moods, and Stress

Moods

Generalized positive and negative feelings or states of mind

Mood contagion

Spillover of one’s positive or negative moods onto others

Attitudes

Perception

The process through which people receive, organize and interpret information from the environment

People can perceive the same things or situations
differently

People behave on the basis of their perceptions

Selective perception – process by which individuals accept information consistent with their values and beliefs, while screening out information that is not aligned with their own needs

Perception

Psychological contract

Person-job fit begins here

A set of expectations held by an individual about what will be given and received in the employment relationship

An ideal work situation is one with a fair psychological contract

Balance of contributions and inducements
Employee value proposition

the organization’s intentions for creating value for both the employee and employer sides of the psychological contract

Technology Personality

Technology personality reflects levels of social media use and how media are used to connect to others.

Technology Personality
level of social media use and connecting with others

Always On (8%) – early adopters, use technology to create content, actively engage others and make connections with people they would like to meet and already know

Live Wires (34%) – very connected, use smart phones, tablets to connect

Social Skimmers (6%) – highly connected, uses social media sites, online networks, mobile technology to gather information rather than connect

Broadcasters (8%) – less connected, might tell others what they are doing but less likely to be active on social media, tends not to text.

Toe Dippers (27%) – low connectivity, desk top/laptop, prefers in person contact

Bystander (15%) – unconnected, desktops, keeps up with the news, less likely to connect

Never- Minders (2%) – no cell phones, texting, or social media. Apprehensive about technology

MOTIVATION

What is Motivation?

The process by which a person is…

energized

directed

sustained

…toward achieving a goal

What is Motivation? The process by which a person’s efforts are energized, directed, and sustained toward attaining a goal

Energy – how hard work

Direction – toward a goal

Persistent – continued

How Managers Achieve Great Results with Others

Motivation
Incentive or drive to complete a task, function, or idea
All our behaviors are motivated by an intrinsic desire to do well
Managers need to know what motivates their employees

Opportunities for satisfaction in Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs

Individual Needs and Motivation

ERG theory

Developed by Clayton Alderfer

Three need levels

Elements in Herzberg’s two-factor theory

Individual Needs and Motivation

Acquired Needs Theory

Developed by David McClelland

People acquire needs through their life experiences

Needs that are acquired: