Ethnicity Presentation
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powerpoint.pdf
Chapter 5
Racial and Ethnicity
Learning Objectives
u Understand the meaning of race u Learn classifications of race u Understand the meaning of ethnicity u Learn about classifications of
ethnicity u Be able to distinguish between race
and ethnicity
Race vs Ethnicity Review
u Race- a group of people who have been socially categorized
u Basis of some distinctive physical trait
u Skin color
u Facial characteristics
u Ethnicity or Ethnic group
u A group of people sharing the same cultural characteristics
u Which have been acquired (learned) through shared social experiences
Race
u Race is a socially constructed phenomenon
u Categories differ with different societies and nations
u Within the United States is based on physical features
How is race used? u How/where do we use
racial classification?
u Census
u Birth certificates
u Marriage Licenses
u College Applications
u Determines eligibility for scholarships
Five Recognized Races in the United States
White (Caucasian/European American)
Black/African American
Native American and Alaskan Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
What is Ethnicity
u Based on heritage
u The 6 primary ethnic groups* in the United States are:
u Native Americans (American Indians)
u European Americans (Whites)
u African Americans (Blacks)
u Hispanic Americans (Latinos)
u Asian Americans
u Middle Eastern Americans
*ethnic subgroups exist within each
Ethnicity- Native Americans
u The only ethnic group that is truly American
u Roughly one-half of the names of the states in America are from Indian languages
u Now comprise less than 1% of the entire U.S. population.
u There are more than 550 tribes.
u Approximately 1,000 languages were spoken by Native Americans before the Europeans arrived.
u Have a long tradition of respect for and connection to nature
u Culture reminds us to balance the quest for manipulation and control of the physical environment with respect for nature
Ethnicity - Hispanic Americans
u Hispanic heritage in the United States predates the arrival of many European immigrants by many years
u Colonies of Hispanic Americans have been traced back to the early 1500s
u Puerto Rico was annexed in the United States in the late 19th century and its citizens were granted American citizenship in 1917
u Fastest growing minority population
u Based on a survey in 2008, Hispanic Americans originate from:
u México (65.5%)
u Puerto Rico (8.6%)
u Central América (8.2%)
u South América (6%)
u Cuba (3.7%)
u Other origins (8%)
Ethnicity- African Americans u Vast majority were brought to the United
States against their will
u Legislation allowed
u Slave families only existed under the slave master’s approval
u Slaves and their children were property of slave owners
u Slave owners could break up the marriage by selling the slave
u Jim Crowe laws
u continued to oppress African Americans
u After the abolishment of slavery (segregated schools, denied right to vote).
u Discrimination still exist
Ethnicity- Asian Americans
u U.S. Census Bureau defined Asians as a single race
u Similar to other minorities, individuals of Asian descent were not allowed: u To marry whites u Own homes u Obtain a formal education u Restrictions on areas available to live
u Forced to create own u Restaurants u Businesses u Housing areas “Chinatowns”
u Second fastest growing minority population.
u The second most widely spoken non- English language is Chinese
Ethnicity- European Americans
u Often referred to as white or Caucasians.
u Expect to decline from 66% (2008) to 46% by 2050.
u Discrimination was shown more to ethnic subgroups
u Irish- drunk, violent, and stupid (INNA- Irish Need Not Apply)
u German and Italian- War mongers due to WWI and WWII
u Two spectrums of stereotypes from inbred rednecks to silver spoon privileged
u Often seen as racist just because of skin color
Ethnicity- Middle Eastern Americans
u Includes descendants of Middle East and North Africa
u Categorized as white in the U.S. Census Bureau
u From 1.19 million (2000) to 1.80 million (2012) 51% increase
u Profiling, hate crimes, and more began to rise in the 1970s due to media and political portrayal of people from the Middle East being greedy, tyrannical, oppressive, oil sheiks and terrorist extremists.
u 9/11 caused further profiling and acts of hate
Review
u What is race? u What are the U.S. classification of
race? u What is ethnicity? u What are the top classifications of
ethnicity in the United States? u What are the differences between
race and ethnicity?
References
Jerome, F., & Taylor, R. (2005). Einstein on race and racism. New
Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Krogstad, J. (2014, March 24). Census Bureau explores new Middle East/North Africa ethnic category. Retrieved May 22, 2015, from
http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/03/24/census-bureau-
explores-new-middle-eastnorth-africa-ethnic-category/
Schwartz, S.E. & Conley, C.A., (2000). Human diversity: A guide for
understanding. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Thompson, A., & Cuseo, J. (2014). Diversity: And the college experience
(2nd ed.). Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt.
