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PotentialMisleadingGraphics.pdf

Graph 1: Los Angeles Climate Information

Two line graphs, one representing the average high temperature and one representing the average low temperature, and one bar graph representing average precipitation are positioned between two vertical axes. The vertical axis on the left is measured in degrees Fahrenheit, starting with 40 degrees Fahrenheit and ending with 80 degrees Fahrenheit. The vertical axis on the right is measured in inches, starting with 0 inches and ending with 6 inches of precipitation. The horizontal (x) axis is measured in months from January to December, with equal spacing between months.

The bar graph, representing precipitation, identifies a maximum value in February, of just over 5 inches of precipitation and minimum values in July and August of 0 inches of precipitation.

The line graph representing average high temperatures has a maximum value of about 79 degrees Fahrenheit between July and August and a minimum average high temperature of about 67 degrees Fahrenheit from January to March, and again in December. The average high temperature gradually increases from January until July/August and then decreases more steeply from July/August to December.

The line graph representing average low temperatures has a maximum value of about 62 degrees Fahrenheit that remains constant from the beginning of July to the middle of September. The minimum average low temperature is about 51 degrees Fahrenheit, and the minimum temperature is constant from January to the middle of March before increasing steadily to the maximum low temperature. From the middle of September to December, the average low temperature steadily decreases until again reaching an average low temperature of 51 degrees Fahrenheit in December.

Graph 2: United States Unemployment Rates 2008-2018

A single line graph models the United States unemployment rate from 2008 to 2018. The horizontal (x) axis spans from the year 2006 to 2020. The vertical (y) axis represents the percent unemployment, beginning with 4% and ending with 11%.

The unemployment rate in 2008 is 7.3% and increases sharply to a maximum unemployment rate in 2009 of 10%. There is a slight decline in the line graph to 9.9% in 2010, and then a gradual, but continuous decline until the year 2018, where the unemployment rate reached 4.1% (the minimum value on this graph).

Graph 3: Global Under-five, Infant and Neonatal Mortality Rates,

1990-2016

The graphic displays three distinct line graphs, all of which follow a similar downward trajectory. None of the line graphs intersect. Additionally, each line graph has been created based on nine distinct points, corresponding to nine years ranging from 1990 to 2016. The bottom line graph represents neonatal mortality rate. The middle line graph represents infant mortality rate, and the top line graph represents under-5 mortality rate. The horizontal (x) axis spans from the year

1990 to 2018. The vertical (y) axis increases by 10, from 0 to 100.

The bottom line graph (neonatal mortality rate) has a maximum value of 36.8 in the year 1990 and a minimum value of 18.6 in 2016. The neonatal mortality rate declines gradually from 1990 to 2016.

The middle line graph (infant mortality rate) has a maximum value of 64.8 in the year 1990 and a minimum value of 30.5 in 2016. The infant mortality rate declines gradually from 1990 to 2016.

The top line graph (under-5 mortality rate) has a maximum value of 93.4 in the year 1990 and a minimum value of 40.8 in 2016. The under-5 mortality rate declines gradually from 1990 to 2016, though the largest decline is seen between the years 1996 and 2006.

  • Graph 1: Los Angeles Climate Information
  • Graph 2: United States Unemployment Rates 2008-2018
  • Graph 3: Global Under-five, Infant and Neonatal Mortality Rates,
  • 1990-2016