History essay 1000 words, due within 35 hours

Post 1848 Europe – Great Powers

Crimean War (1853-56)

Ottoman Empire

Catherine the Great (R. 1762-96)

“Protective oversight”

Moldavia & Walachia – Russian Occupation, 1853

March 1854 – France and Britain declare war on Russia

Sevastopol – Black Sea Port on Crimean Peninsula

March 1856 – Treaty of Paris

Black Sea neutrality

Ottoman Empire

Mahmut ll (R: 1785-1839)

Abdulmecid l (R: 1839-61)

Edict of Gulhane (1839)

Tanzimat (Reorganization) Era :1839-76

Reform Edict of 1856

Balkan Wars – 1870’s

Abdulhamid ll (R:1876-1909)

Constitution of 1876

Young Turks – 1908

France

Second Empire (1851-70) to Third Republic (1870-1940)

Adolphe Thiers (1797-1877)

Paris Commune – March-May 1871

Communards

1871-1914 – “La belle epoque.”

Austria

Franz Joseph (R: 1848-1916)

1859 – Italy

1866 – Germany

Dual Monarchy (1867) – Ausgleich (Compromise)

Balkan Wars 1912-13

Russia

Alexander ll (R: 1855-81) – The “Tsar Liberator”

Glasnost

Emancipation Edict - 1861

Redemption Payments

Zemstvos

Norodniki (Peasant Populists)

Narodnaya Volya (People’s Will) – 1881 – Assassinated Alexander ll

Alexander lll (R: 1881-94)

Nicholas ll (R: 1894-1917)

Germany

Kulturkampf (Spiritual Struggle)

May Laws

Catholic Centre Party

Dreikaiserbund (1873)

Reinsurance Treaty (1887)

Wilhelm ll (R: 1888-1918)

Britain

Victoria (R: 1837-1901)

William Gladstone (Liberal) 1809-98

Benjamin Disraeli (Conservative) 1801-81

Second Reform Bill – 1867

Reform Bill of 1885

Matrimonial Causes Act – 1857

Married Women’s Property Act – 1870