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ikerramos04
POS3064WeekTwoLectureSlides.pptxThe Founding of America:
The Articles of Confederation
&
The United States Constitution
What is a Constitution?
A constitution legally establishes government authority.
Three Essential Elements:
The Function of Government
The Structure of Government
The Procedures of Government
The Articles of Confederation:
A “League of Friendship”
The central government would be unicameral:
Each state would have one vote
Congress would have very limited power
The states would have supremacy within their territory.
No Executive Branch
Effectiveness?
Problems with The Articles of Confederation:
The central government had no power to tax.
States were free to tax the goods of other states.
Each state produced its own currency.
Civil disorder
A Document of Compromise:
Agreement:
Social Contract
Representative Government
Limited Government
Federalism
Disagreement:
Representation:
Virginia Plan
New Jersey Plan
Connecticut Compromise
Voter Qualifications
Slavery
The Structure of Government:
Separation of Powers
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Checks & Balances
Congress over Congress
President over Congress
Congress over the President
The Courts
Marbury v. Madison
The Constitutional Design:
The National Supremacy Clause
Delegated Powers & Implied Powers
Concurrent & Reserved Powers
Powers Denied to the States
Powers Denied to both the States and the Federal Government
Ratification:
The Political Debate
Federalist Papers
Bill of Rights
Changing the Constitution:
Amendments
Proposing Amendments:
2/3s of both the House and Senate must to approve amending the Constitution
OR
A national convention must be held in which 2/3s of the states call for an amendment
Ratifying Amendments:
3/4ths of the state legislatures must approve
OR
3/4ths of the states must approve through ratifying convention
Judicial Interpretation
Amendment Ratification:
18th Amendment
Section 1.
After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.
Section 2.
The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Section 3.
This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.
21st Amendment
Section 1.
The Eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed.
Section 2.
The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or Possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.
Section 3.
This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by conventions in the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.
