Policy P

Xinyue Liu

Demographic Statistics

· https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=49

· https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/what-do-data-reveal-about-violence-schools

Educational Policy

· https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/ss/vp/ -

· https://bja.ojp.gov/program/stop-school-violence-program/overview

Research References

· Kim, Y. K., Sanders, J. E., Makubuya, T., & Yu, M. (2020). Risk factors of academic performance: experiences of school violence, school safety concerns, and depression by gender. Child & Youth Care Forum, 49(5), 725–742. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-020-09552-7

· Hildenbrand, A., Daly, B. P., Nicholls, E., Brooks-Holliday, S., & Kloss, J. D. (2013). Increased risk for school violence-related behaviors among adolescents with insufficient sleep. The Journal of School Health, 83(6), 408–414. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12044

· Lindstrom Johnson, S., Waasdorp, T. E., Cash, A. H., Debnam, K. J., Milam, A. J., & Bradshaw, C. P. (2017). Assessing the association between observed school disorganization and school violence: Implications for school climate Interventions. Psychology of Violence, 7(2), 181–191. https://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000045

· Duru, E. & Balkis, M. (2018). Exposure to school violence at school and mental health of victimized adolescents: The mediation role of social support. Child Abuse & Neglect, 76, 342–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.11.016

· Lesneskie, E. & Block, S. (2017). School violence: The role of parental and community involvement. Journal of School Violence, 16(4), 426–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2016.1168744

· Riehm, K., Mojtabai, R., Adams, L. B., Krueger, E. A., Mattingly, D. T., Nestadt, P. S., & Leventhal, A. M. (2021). Adolescents’ concerns about school violence or shootings and association with depressive, anxiety, and panic symptoms. JAMA Network Open, 4(11), e2132131–e2132131. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.32131

· Smokowski, P. R., Evans, C. B. ., Rose, R., & Bacallao, M. (2020). A Group Randomized Trial of School-Based Teen Courts to Address the School to Prison Pipeline, Reduce Aggression and Violence, and Enhance School Safety in Middle and High School Students. Journal of School Violence, 19(4), 566–578. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2020.1780133

· Seo, C. & Kruis, N. E. (2022). The impact of school’s security and restorative justice measures on school violence. Children and Youth Services Review, 132, 106305–. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106305

· Méndez, I. Liccardi, G., & Ruiz-Esteban, C. (2020). Mechanisms of moral disengagement used to justify school violence in sicilian primary school. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 10(3), 682–690. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe10030050

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