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Running Head: APPLICATION OF PICOT IN ADHD 1

APPLICATION OF PICOT IN ADHD 5

Application of PICOT in ADHD.

Christina Hernandez

West Coast University

Topic: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment of ADHD.

Topic description

ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. It is one of the severe mental health disorder that is likely to result into above the normal levels of hyperactive and some of the impulsive conduct patterns (Bergey, Filipe, Conrad, & Singh, 2018). ADHD is a medical condition in which victimized individuals have differences in their brain development and coordination of brain activities that affect their general concentration rate in a given activity. Perhaps people with ADHD disorder have additional problems and trouble maintaining focus and attention on a single specific task; they may also find it difficult to remain seated still for an extended period of time. This disorder is not age restrictive it can affect both old, middle-aged, and young.

ADHD OVERVIEW.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder occurs when an individual experiences challenges and difficulties in maintaining focus and unable to control some of their physical energy and movement activities. U.S statistics show that almost 8.4% of the infants have been affected with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and approximately 2.5% of adults have the same disorder (Fisher, 2016). Research findings have shown that several life events, medical conditions, and psychological disorders have resulted in some of the characteristics associated with ADHD. It is good to note that ADHD can be manageable and treated. Some of the clinical manifestations of ADHD are; lack of attention, forgetfulness, easily distracted, avoidance of task, not easy to follow instructions, always on the ego, constant and persistent fidgeting, excessive talking, among many others (Ghuman & Ghuman, 2014).

Diagnosis of ADHD

Diagnosis in children and teenagers.

For young aged people to be diagnosed with ADHD, they must have:

· Progressively displayed symptoms for at least 6 months.

· Showed symptoms before the age of 12.

· Showed symptoms in more than one setting e.g., school and home.

· Showed some considerable difficulties in academic, social, or occupational level.

Diagnosis in adults

In adult ADHD diagnosis, their symptoms must have some effects such as:

· Underachieving at work

· Driving carelessly,

· Not able to keep a record

· Not able to maintain friends.

· Difficult in relating to partners (Ghuman & Ghuman, 2014).

Treatment.

Use of methylphenidate stimulants (small doses should be taken 2 to 3 times a day) that are meant to increase brain activities.

Use of Lisdexamfetamine. That comes in the form of a capsule and should be taken once in a day.

Use of dexamfetamine that should be taken as a tablet once or twice a day.

Significance of studying ADHD in nursing practice.

This topic is essential in nursing practice because it provides knowledge and awareness of the essence of early diagnosis and treatment of the disorder to lessen the struggle for many children and adults with ADHD conditions undergo if the condition goes unnoticed. Moreover, the topic helps nursing practitioners educate people about ADHD, remind people that ADHD treatable, reinforce that the condition is real, and be managed as early as possible, and finally help the nurses highlight the possible and best choices in treatment (NSG, 2020).

PICOT questions for ADHD.

1. Are adults (P) Who have ADHD (I) at an increased risk for developing the psychological disorder(O) Compared to infants (p) who have ADHD disorder (C) during the ages of 7-18 (T)?

2. Among the people living with ADHD (P), do those treated with dexamfetamine (I) experience the same side effects (C) compared to those who receive Lisdexamfetamine treatment (O) in a period of 2 months (T)?

3. Are children (P) raised by ADHD adoptive parents (I) at higher risks of getting ADHD (O) compared to those (P) whose adoptive parents do not have ADHD problem(C) between ages of 1 to 17 (T)?

References

Bergey, M. R., Filipe, A. M., Conrad, P., & Singh, I. (2018). Global Perspectives on ADHD: Social Dimensions of Diagnosis and Treatment in Sixteen Countries. Baltimore: JHU Press.

Fisher, B. C. (2016). What You Think ADD/ADHD Is, It Isn't: Symptoms and Neuropsychological Testing Through Time. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Ghuman, J., & Ghuman, H. (2014). ADHD in Preschool Children: Assessment and Treatment. New York: Oxford University Press.

LibGuides. (2020, March 26). PICO - Nursing - LibGuides at Bethel College Library. Retrieved from https://bethelks.libguides.com/c.php?g=11548&p=3072508

NSG. (2020, July 19). ASK: PICOT - NSG 325 - Psychosocial Nursing - Research Guides at National University. Retrieved from https://nu.libguides.com/c.php?g=507671&p=3473622