I need help in philosophy the classical mind

1. a. Birth and death dates, and languages of Aristotle, St. Augustine, and St. Thomas Aquinas.

b. Philosophical, historical, cultural, and/ or social influences on each of the authors.

According to Aristotle:

2. What is (big V) Virtue?

3. What are the kinds of virtue, and how is each acquired?

4. Be prepared to discuss specific virtues of each kind.

5. The Aristotelian mean (a.k.a “golden mean”).

6. Aristotle’s Four Causes.

7. Act and Potency.

8. The Principle of Non-Contradiction.

9. Infinite regress and why there is no infinite regress.

10. Universals and Particulars:

i. What they are;

ii. How intuitive reason (intellect), scientific knowledge, practical wisdom (prudence), and art are related to them (i.e., how we think).

11. What are the parts of the soul and how are they related to each other?

12. Ends and means, and how the kinds of virtue are related to them, and therefore how the kinds of virtue are related to each other.

13. Aristotle’s paradigm of virtue and vice and how they correspond to the political forms.

14. Practical syllogisms.

15. What is it at which all things aim? What is the highest at which all things aim?

16. The three kinds of friendship and the criteria for friendship.

17. What is political friendship, and what role does it play in the political community?

18. What is justice, and what is the relationship of justice to friendship?

19. What is Aristotle’s understanding of marriage?

20. What role does pleasure play in Aristotle’s philosophy and especially in regard to knowing the divine?

According to St. Augustine:

21. Four kinds of freedom.

22. What is evil?

23. Source of evildoing.

24. The consequences of the Fall.

25. Divine grace and free choice of the will in terms of act-potency.

26. What is the will, and how can it be distinguished from Aristotle’s “voluntary action” and “choice?”

27. Embracing truth.

28. All things considered, what are we to make of free choice of the will?

29. The realms of reality and knowledge corresponding to each.

According to St. Thomas Aquinas:

30. The two ways to truth, and what he says about them.

31. What he means by “God.”

32. The scholastic method.

33. Three kinds of predication.

34. One-to-another and pros hen analogy (both in itself and as it relates to the Third Way in the next question).

35. The Five Ways for proving the existence of God, including the underlying philosophical principles.

36. Convertibility of being.

37. How pros hen analogy helps to explain the Third Way.

Overall:

38. Using points made by Aristotle and St. Augustine, discuss natural justice (law) in relation to political justice (positive or temporal law)!

39. You will be presented with quotations from our four authors and asked to discuss them in relation to a prominent theme (or themes) of the course.

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