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PersuasiveSpeakingCh.14_11_26_17.pptxPersuasive Speaking
You want to influence your audience to think or believe something and…when possible…do something!
Differences between Informative and Persuasive Speaking
| Informative | Persuasive |
| Reveal options | Urge your audience to choose an option |
| You act as a teacher | You act as an advocate |
| Use support materials to enlighten listeners | Use support materials to justify your advice |
| Your audience expands their knowledge | Audience becomes an agent of change |
| Ask audience for little commitment | Ask audience for a strong commitment |
| Your credibility is important | Your credibility is more important |
| Fewer appeals to feelings | More appeals to feelings |
| High ethical obligation | Higher ethical obligation |
Examples of Topics for A Persuasive Speech
Eat Right
Exercise
Donate Blood
Get Involved On Campus in the Mini Thon (or some other activity)
Why You Should Be an RA
Get More Sleep
Volunteer Your Time to a Non-Profit
Be An Organ Donor
We Need More Gun Control
Why We Shouldn’t Have More Gun Control
More Persuasive Topic Ideas
Why Practicing a Religion Is Good for You
Cut Back the Amount of Time You Spend on Social Media
Stop Texting and Driving
Technology Is Disconnecting Us from People
Technology Is Connecting Us with People
Why Hunting Is A Good Thing
Why Hunting Is Not A Good Thing
Energy Drinks Are Unhealthy
Energy Drinks Provide Necessary Fuel to Tired Students
Through Persuasion, you help audience with the following three questions
What is the truth about this situation?
How should I evaluate the situation?
What should I do about it?
These questions help set up different types of persuasive speeches:
Speech that focuses on the facts
Speeches that emphasize attitudes and values
Speeches that advocate action and policy
Speech that focuses on facts
The purpose or function of this type of speech is to establish the true state of affairs – in other words, tell your audience what is really true.
The techniques of this speech are:
to strengthen claims of the past, present and future fact by citing experts and other supporting evidence.
Create lively pictures of the contested facts that reinforce their reality.
Speeches that emphasize attitudes and values
The function or purpose of this type of speech is to have your audience apply their attitudes and values to the presents problem or problems.
The techniques used in this type of speech are:
Reawaken appreciation for values through stories, examples, and vivid (colorful and creative) language
Show listeners how to apply values
Encourage audience to form and re-form attitudes consistent with these values
Appeal to what matters to them
Speeches that advocate action and policy
The function or purpose of this type of speech is to propose programs to remedy problems and put values into action.
The techniques used for this type pf speech are:
Show that the program of action will solve the problem by mentioning previous success in similar actions (cite what has been done in the past).
Prove that the plan is practical and workable.
Picture the audience enacting the plan of action.
Show the consequences of acting and not acting.
Visualize success.
Persuasive Process
In order to be successful at persuading your audience, you need to walk them through a process toward your goal (believe what you believe, act as you want them to act, for example: go out and volunteer over winter break).
Awareness – raise your audience’s consciousness. Tell them the issue/problem/situation exists.
Understanding – as always, your message must be clear so your understands everything. Give many examples.
Agreement – your listeners need to reach a point where they affirm what you are saying “He/she is right. I agree with him/her”
Enactment – this requires more from your audience (sign a petition, etc. do something) Emotional appeals often help you to get the audience to act.
Integration – audience must now include this new information into their existing set of values and beliefs. Help them see how it relates to their current values.
Remove Barriers
The way to successful persuasion of your audience is through the following
Provide Needed Information – think about what questions you would want answered if someone was trying to persuade you. Then be sure to answer those questions for your audience. For example if you are doing your speech on volunteering. What might your audience ask? Give them that information.
Apply Audience’s Values – you must show your audience that what you are proposing in your speech agrees with the principles they accept/their instilled values. This may be challenging if you don’t know what everyone in your audience values but do your best to appeal to some common ground/basic human values.
Strengthen Your Credibility – cite expert sources that your audience trusts and respects. Use emotional appeals carefully. You don’t want to use appeals that are too strong and rely on negative emotions like guilt or fear. The best way to convince an audience that you are credible is to be sincere, honest and speak with conviction about a topic you truly care about.
Must be able to motivate
Remove Barriers
Spark Enthusiasm
Announce your commitment and get your audience excited. Have them imagine themselves acting. What would that look like? What would it do for the campus, community, the nation?
Realize Shared Beliefs and Values
Tell stories that resurrect heroes and heroines from throughout history. Re-energize your audience. Come together with a shared mission.
Demonstrate The Need for Involvement
Answer your audience’s questions “So what?” “Why should I care?”
Present A Clear Plan of Action
Show how others have done this or something similar so your audience knows that it is possible
Be Specific in Your Instructions and Make It Easy to Comply
Don’t just encourage them to become a volunteer. Give them the name and contact information for the source here at King’s (Bill Bolan at the Shoval Center. Give his email address and phone number. Mention upcoming volunteer opportunities and give important facts like deadlines, etc.)
Be Ethical
Know that you have an ethical responsibility to tell your audience the truth – do not make up information and do not misrepresent information
Think about whether or not you can defend your ethics publicly. If someone challenged you, could you show the evidence to back up what you are saying?
Speech Designs
Problem – Solution
Motivated Sequence
Arouse Attention – use stories, examples, facts, etc. to gain interest
Demonstrate a need – Provide a sense of urgency
Satisfy that need – offer a plan of action to meet that need
Visualize the results – Paint a picture for your audience showing them what they can expect. How does this plan agree with their values?
Call for action – What do you want your audience to do? Sign a petition? Make a personal sacrifice like donating blood, money or time?
Refutative Design – When you want to challenge other views. Raise doubt about a position by showing inconsistencies and weaknesses. Avoid personal attacks.
State the point
Say how you will refute this point
Present your evidence (facts, figures, examples, testimony)
Spell out conclusion for audience (I’ve presented these facts so this is what it means)
Explain the importance of your refutation – show how it discredits or damages the opposing position
Persuasive Speech Examples - Videos
The speech you critiqued in October about taking naps was a persuasive speech.
College speech: Abolish the Death Penalty: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rUeTDKsfGc8
