Biology
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PediatricAssessmentPPTtemplate.pptx
Pediatric Assessment of an Infant
Malay Blojay, Cristen Schultz, Sarah Hess, Seaneh Yancy
General Survey
General appearance, well flexed arms and legs, normal skin color
Full range of motion, inspect for spontaneous movements
Does the infant appear well-fed? Do they smell and look well bathed?
Does the infant respond to environmental stimuli?
Vital Signs
Normal Vital Signs for Infants:
HR: 100-160 bpm
RR: 30-60 bpm (0-6months) 24-30 bpm (6-12 months)
BP: 65-90/45-65 mmHg (0-6 months) 80-100/55-65 mmHg (6-12 months)
Temp: 97.8 F-99.5 F (Axillary)
How do you measure them?
HR: Radial
RR: Count breaths over 30 seconds or 1 minute
BP: Upper arm is most accurate
Temp: Axillary is easiest with infants
Neurological
How do you assess the level of alertness, affect, and responsiveness
01
What are the age appropriate fine and gross motor coordination, strength, and reflexes
02
How do you assess the 12 cranial nerves for the age group
03
Integumentary
Assess for color, texture, temperature nails, and rashes.
Common, normal benign papular lesions:
Erythema Toxicium- flesh colored papule on a red base
Resolves within 1st week
Pustular melanosis- pustules without erythema, can rupture
If rupture, lasts for months
Both found on face and trunk
Milia- white papules
Resolve within first few weeks
Found on nose
Luango- fine hair.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558943/
measure
HEENT
Head
Observe appearance, shape, and symmetry
Soft-spots (fontanels)
Measure circumference
Ears
Assess formation, color, tympanic membrane, and canal.
Eyes
Assess pupil size, shape, accommodating to light, and discharge
Nose
Nares patent, symmetric septum, and discharge
Throat
Tonsil size, mucosa, epiglottis, and voice
https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P02336
Respiratory
1.Observe for chest expansion of the infant
2.Observe for symmetrical movements, appropriate chest diameter
3.Auscultate for wheezing, stridor, cough, grunting
4.Inspect nose for patency
5.Assess work of breathing
-Rate
-Head bobbing
-Retractions
-Nasal Flaring
Cardiovascular
Abdominal
Assess
Respirations
Abdomen shape- dome shaped
Bilateral equal femoral pulses
Voiding within 24 hours of birth
Auscultate
Bowel sounds within 2 hours of birth
Palpate
Abdomen should be soft
https://www.duq.edu/academics/schools/nursing/newborn-assessment/chest
Genitourinary
For male and female
Musculoskeletal
I(2022
References
Gantan, Elizabeth, F. (2021). National Library of Medicine. Neonatal Evaluation.
Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558943/ (2022). University of
(2021). Rochester Medical Center. Assessments for Newborn Babies. Retrieved from: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P02336
(2021) Duquesne Univeristy. Chest and Abdomen. Retrieved from: https://www.duq.edu/academics/schools/nursing/newborn-assessment/chest
Jarvis, C. (2016). Physical Examination & Health Assessment. Elsevier.
