Philosophy - Two Parts Short Assignment

PART B Please response to these two original posts below. When responding to these posts, please either expand the thought, add additional insights, or respectfully disagree and explain why. Remember that we are after reasons and arguments, and not simply the statement of opinions.

Original Post 1 "What is the Leviathan that Hobbes describes, and why does he think that it is necessary?"

The "Leviathan" describes a communal power greater than any individual, set in place to enforce moral laws. It is a ruling authority that holds people accountable for their contracts and promises. Because Hobbes thinks that people are naturally egotistical, he asserts that an external force or greater power is necessary in order to prevent people from acting purely out of their own self-interest. If everyone were to act according to their own self-interest, Hobbes argues that society would revert to the "state of nature" and everyone would be worse off. 

Original Post 2 “What does Rawls mean by the veil of ignorance, and how is this notion meant to help us identify what a just society looks like?”

Rawl states that the veil of ignorance is an idea where the people in the society don't know where they will end up in said society. If someone didn't know whether they would be rich or poor, generally they would want to minimize the risk of being placed in a society where they are suffering. The rational decision would be

to create a set of social rules that would benefit them even if they were to end up at the bottom. For example, if the wealthy knew they would end up wealthy, they would just create social rules that would benefit themselves. But the veil of ignorance would prevent them from knowing where they'll truly end up. This, in part, will ensure that the people in the society will create social rules that are fair to everyone. These ideas show what an ideal and just society could possibly look like given that everybody has equal benefits.