Help me in my paper

Liquid-Liquid extraction Pre-lab

Personal Protective Equipment

Safety glasses and lab coats should be worn when entering the lab. Wearing gloves during the experiment because Kerosene and acetic acid may cause irritation for the skin and eye contact. Locate specific places as eyewash, fire extinguisher, spill kit and safety shower

Project description

The project objective is to recover kerosene containing less than 0.05 wt.% acetic acid from a waste kerosene stream that contains 0.67 wt.% acetic acid and flows at 10 L/min. The stream will be recovered using liquid-liquid extraction method. Liquid-Liquid extraction unit is a glass column of 1.6 m tall has a packing height of 1.2 m of ½-inch glass Raschig rings and internal column diameter of 0.5 m. The goal is to determine the overall mass coefficient and effective area for different flowrate. Also, evaluating LLE and issue recommendations on a unit operation design will be investigated to treat the stream.

Classes that prepared me for this lab

CHE 411 [Mass transfer operations]: This course will be helpful for understanding the Liquid-Liquid extraction process and performing stream material balances for this process. Also, this course will be helpful for designing a LLE by Determine the required height, diameter and other physical parameters to meet process amount requirements.

Overall mass balance: 


Component material balance:

CHE 333 [Mass transfer operations]: This course will be helpful for calculating the overall mass transfer coefficients and effective area. Using some correlation such as Sherwood And Holloway Correlation for the Liquid Film Capacity Coefficient and Wilke-Chang

Background research

Liquid-liquid extraction is an important separation technology for an extensive range of applications in chemical process industries. Contrasting distillation, which is based on the difference of boiling point, extraction splits components based on their relative solubilities in two immiscible liquids.[footnoteRef:1] [1: Joerg,K and Shiveler,G. Design Principles for Liquid-Liquid Extraction. 21 July 2016, www.aiche.org/resources/publications/cep/2015/november/design-principles-liquid-liquid-extraction. Accessed 7 Feb. 2018. ]

The basics of a liquid-liquid extraction unit is that a liquid stream (carrier) containing the components to be recovered (solute) is fed into an extractor, where it contacts a solvent. The two liquids must be immiscible which help them to form a distribution, with one liquid discrete as droplets in the other. Mass transfer happens between the droplets and the surrounding liquid. Different densities must be present to allow separate the two liquids.

Painmanakul, Wachirasak, Jamnongwong, and Hébrard state the objective of their paper which is recommending a new theoretical prediction method of the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) appearing in a gas- liquid contactor based on the separation of the liquid-side mass transfer coefficient (kL) and the interfacial area (a). This study has presented that some conditions like bubble diameters (dB), bubble frequency (fB) and their associated rising velocities (UB) were the important parameters to predict, not only the values of kLa, but also the values of a and of kL. Additionally, these obtained results could provide a better understanding of the parameters which affect the oxygen transfer mechanism in the aeration process.[footnoteRef:2] [2: Painmanakul, P., Wachirasak, J., Jamnongwong, M., & Hébrard, G. (2009, November). THEORETICAL PREDICTION OF VOLUMETRIC MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT (kLa) FOR DESIGNING AN AERATION TANK. Retrieved February 9, 2018. ]

determination method of the kLa in this study is a method that based on a mass balance on sulfite sodium (Na2SO3) concentration during aeration time. For this method, the local volumetric mass transfer coefficient2, kLa, is expressed as:

The volumetric mass transfer coefficient, kLa, is the product of the liquid-side mass transfer coefficient, kL, and the interfacial area, a. The local liquid-side mass transfer coefficient is calculated by:

In this work, these two values are experimentally obtained simultaneously in local conditions, which gives a good accuracy. 2