Philosophy
Raciel19
PaperOne-Overview.pptxPaper One – Overview
Paper One: Literature Review Study One
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Overview of this Overview!
Paper Overview PowerPoints
Each paper in this course has a lot of supporting material. My goal in this current PowerPoint is to give you an overview of Paper One, but I’ll also give you an idea about what to expect for future papers.
The lab topic changes each semester, so this presentation will focus on a different topic than your class project. However, the concepts will still be applicable to your lab project.
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Overview of this Overview! 1
Paper Overview PowerPoints
Your instructor may offer “Paper Clinics” (live Zoom sessions) that you can attend during the semester. Those “Clinics” will use (but alter a bit) these “Paper Overview” presentations
The Overview Presentations also use screenshots and tables you can find in the “Methods Two Example Paper – Overview Presentations” document. That example paper is an example of a “Final Paper”, but you can still refer to it as you read each of the Overview PowerPoint presentations to see how the slide information translates into a formal paper. Finally …
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Overview of this Overview! 5
Paper Overview PowerPoints
Remember that you have access to the Paper Instructions in Canvas, which are very detailed about our paper expectations. Refer to those instructions for details about YOUR study topic. Here, I’ll give you more of an overview starting with your Paper Expectations …
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In this presentation, I will cover …
Part One – General Expectations – Paper One
Part Two – Starting Your Paper & Citations – Paper One
Part Three – Paper Sections – Paper One
Part Four – Paper Errors to Avoid in All Papers
Part Five – Paper Guides & Paper Help
Table of Contents
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Part One
General Expectations: Paper One and Beyond
General Expectation – Paper One
Paper Resources Available To You In Canvas: Use them!
Paper Instructions
Paper Grading Rubric
Example Paper
Paper Checklist
Make sure your paper is two full pages of text (not including the predictions). The maximum number of pages is five, but I expect around three to four for a “good” paper.
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General Expectation – Paper One 1
Paper Checklist
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General Expectation – Paper One 2
APA Formatting
We use the 7th Edition of the American Psychological Assoc. Publication Manual in this course
Make sure to use APA format for everything from the title page through the references
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Sections of the APA-Format Paper
Essentially, the purpose behind an empirical research report is to inform the reader about
What you did
Why you did it
What you found out
What your findings mean
What you have concluded
Think about an hourglass
The Hourglass Approach
Title & Abstract
Identify problem & state importance
Review relevant research literature
Identify a gap or “research space”
State research aim – fill in the gap
Indicate choice of approach/method
Empirical & original part of a study
Results and Interpretation
Match results to research questions
Implications for specific knowledge
Broader implications for your field
Recommendations for the future
Conclusion & References
General
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2
3
4
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Specific
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General
The Hourglass Approach 1
Title & Abstract
Identify problem & state importance
Review relevant research literature
Identify a gap or “research space”
State research aim – fill in the gap
References
General
1
2
3
4
Specific
This is all we need for Paper One!
General Expectation – Paper One 2 1
Idea Flow
Look at your five references and fit them together like a puzzle
First: Which of the five gives a general idea of your topic?
Discuss these articles first giving a topic “overview”
Second: Which of the five focuses more specifically on your topic?
Discuss this in more detail
Third: Which of the five has a methods section that is most similar to your own study and your study predictions?
Discuss this in detail, too (near the end of the paper)
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Part Two
Starting Your Paper & Citations – Paper One
General Expectation – Paper One 3
Starting the Paper – There are many ways of starting a paper
Starting a paper is tough! But there are lots of ways to begin.
Imagine we want to see if participants conform their response to the opinions of others regarding an ethical dilemma.
Think about Abigail, who cheated on an exam when her professor mistakenly gave her the answer rather than a blank exam. She confesses to her friends, who either ALL agree she did nothing wrong, ALL agree what she did was wrong, or there is a mixture of feelings among her friends
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General Expectation – Paper One 4
Starting the Paper – There are many ways of starting a paper
In this study, the participant is asked if they think Abigail did something wrong. We predict that participants will look to the agreement of others as a source of information (think it was wrong when her friends thought it was wrong, think it was okay when her friends thought it was okay, and be mixed when her friends were mixed).
A literature review for this study may start in many ways …
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General Expectation – Paper One 6
Starting the Paper
1). Start with several studies on that topic (1)…
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General Expectation – Paper One 5
Starting the Paper
1). Start with several studies on that topic (2)…
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General Expectation – Paper One 7
Starting the Paper
2). Give an anecdotal start with no study focus …
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General Expectation – Paper One 8
Starting the Paper
2). Give an anecdotal start with a study focus (2) …
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General Expectation – Paper One 9
Starting the Paper
3). Your introduction may also set up the study to come …
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General Expectation – Paper One 10
Starting the Paper
There is no hard rule on which is the best way to start your paper, but make sure that you give some initial information about your own topic.
Avoid giving your predictions in the introductory paragraph. Your literature review needs to support your predications, so you need to provide your reader with foundational information about your topic before your predictions will make sense to them. So, define terms associated with your topic or give an overview of what the topic entails.
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General Expectation – Paper One 11
Citation Summaries
Note that although you must cite five papers, you do not need to give them the same depth of analysis. It is okay to briefly mention one while spending several paragraphs on another!
Eleven different studies are cited in the paragraph below!
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General Expectation – Paper One 12
There are 23 citations in this single paragraph (with 22 of them in a single sentence)!
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Part Three
Paper Sections – Paper One
THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL CONSENSUS 1
The Influence of Digital Consensus and Gender: Conformity and Moral Decisions
John Doe
Florida International University
Title Page 2
Title Page
THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL CONSENSUS 1
The Influence of Digital Consensus and Gender: Conformity and Moral Decisions
John Doe
Florida International University
Notice the header is in ALL CAPS!
All title words of four letters or more start with a capital letter
Page number
Everything in your paper should be in
double-spaced 12-point New Times Roman font, even the title page
Title Page 21
One space between your title and your name
HOW RUDE 1
How Rude: Incivility Impressions and Social Media
John Doe
Florida International University
Title page 1
Another example
TWITTER APOLOGIES 1
I’m Sorry … Not! How the Hashtag #SorryNotSorry Impacts Social Media Perceptions
Jane Doe
Florida International University
Title page 3
And another example
Abstract
An abstract is NOT needed for Paper One
Literature Review – Beginning a
Literature Review – Beginning 1
Your paper title is at the top of the literature review page and is identical to the one on your title page
After the title, start your own literature review …
THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL CONSENSUS 2
The Influence of Digital Consensus and Gender: Conformity and Moral Decisions The rise of technology has altered every aspect of American life, especially in social interactions. Consumers now look to each other online to provide reviews on products and consensus on the validity of marketing claims before they make a purchase. While some head to social media to enjoy comments on the latest hot topics people also use social media sites for more than conversation. Social media sites now compete with traditional avenues, such as television or newspapers, as a primary source of information on important subjects ranging from headlining news to political commentary (Winter et al., 2015). It was once thought that the internet would not
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THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL CONSENSUS 2
The Influence of Digital Consensus and Gender: Conformity and Moral Decisions The rise of technology has altered every aspect of American life, especially in social interactions. Consumers now look to each other online to provide reviews on products and consensus on the validity of marketing claims before they make a purchase. While some head to social media to enjoy comments on the latest hot topics people also use social media sites for more than conversation. Social media sites now compete with traditional avenues, such as television or newspapers, as a primary source of information on important subjects ranging from headlining news to political commentary (Winter et al., 2015). It was once thought that the internet would not
The header title is still in ALL CAPS and placed in the actual header
Intro starts on page 2
Your introduction title is identical to the title on the title page
Page 1 - 22
Literature Review – Predictions Intro
Your literature review ends by setting up your study predictions (Note: We gave you your predictions in your researcher instructions! Use those specific predictions!)
Above is a brief introduction leading to this students’ predictions …
Predictions
Here are the actual study predictions (copied from the research instructions from a prior semester)
Methods Section? Not Needed … Yet!
Methods not needed … yet!
References
You need 5 APA formatted references
Part Four
APA Errors to Avoid in All Papers
Some Quick Notes About Papers
Errors to Avoid in Your Papers
1). Know when to use “and” versus “&”
Use “and” when it falls outside the parentheses
“Smith and Jones (2010) found that …”
“When Argyle and Winston (2011) attempted this, …”
Use “&” only within parentheses (except for final references)
“Some researchers (Smith & Jones, 2010) found that …”
“ … they concluded (Argyle & Winston, 2011).”
Some Quick Notes About Papers a
Errors to Avoid in Your Papers
2). Do NOT use the title of an article you cited in the literature review (if I need to see the title, I will look in your references!)
NO: “In the article, “Am I Primed?” by Johnson (2001) …
YES: “Research by Johnson (2001) …”
3). Do NOT include the first names or initials of authors in the literature review text
NO: “Mitch Williamson (2001) found that …”
NO: “M. S. Williamson (2001) found that …”
YES: “Williamson (2001) found that …”
Some Quick Notes About Papers 1
Errors to Avoid in Your Papers
4). For numbers, always write them out of they are ten or less (one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten) AND if they start a sentence (“Twenty-three participants ...”).
5). If there are one or two authors, always give all names in a citation in your literature review
Bargh and Chen (2011) … OR (Bargh & Burrows, 2011)
Some Quick Notes About Papers 2
Errors to Avoid in Your Papers
6). For three or more authors, you et al. for all citations
Imagine you have three authors—Albert Dore, Roger Power, and Eli Brother—who co-write a paper in 2020. Cite as …
Dore et al. (2020)
… as the authors noted (Dore et al., 2020)
Imagine six authors—Albert Dore, Roger Power, Eli Brother, Tim Brooks, Riley Doctor, Sarah Barns—co-write a paper
Dore et al. (2020)
… as the authors noted (Dore et al., 2020)
Some Quick Notes About Papers 3
Errors to Avoid in Your Papers
7). Make sure your header uses a short title in ALL CAPS that is flushed left on the page
THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL CONSENSUS 1
8). Make sure the paper is left justified (lines up on the left) and NOT full justified (lines up with the margins on the left and right)
Some Quick Notes About Papers 4
Errors to Avoid in Your Papers
9). For your literature review, make sure it narrows down to your hypothesis. We mark off if you did not give a hypothesis
10). Make sure it flows well from one paragraph to the next. We do not want to see just one study summary after another – make sure they connect to one another, telling a story!
Some Quick Notes About Papers 5
Errors to Avoid in Your Papers
11). For references, follow APA format!
List alphabetically down the references page, starting with the last name of the first author for each article
Smith, R. T., Jones, W. E, & Faucet T. C. (2004) …
Zeroth, E. F., & Micheals, A. S. (2008) …
Indent all BUT the first line
Bargh, J. A., Chen, M., & Burrows, L. (1996). Automaticity of social behavior: Direct effect of traits construct and stereotype. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71 (2), 230-244
Part Five1
APA Paper Guides & Paper Help
Some Quick Notes About Papers 1 1
APA Formatting Help
Owl // Purdue Writing Lab
FIU Center for Writing Excellent
https://case.fiu.edu/writingcenter/
Methods Help Center
