outline

Vu 1

Lisa Vu

Professor LaVielle

English 102

2 March 2017

Eliminating Transgender Health Disparities

Introduction:​ About 1.4 million Americans, who are over the age of eighteen, identify as a transgender according to a study by the Williams Institute that took place in 2011 (Flores, 3).

This is nearly 0.6% percent of the population in America, not including the transgender youth

(Flores, 4). It is evident that the transgender society will continue to rise; however, medical

services to support them are lagging and are unable to fully support transgenders with much

needed health care (Grondhaul).

Thesis​: To eliminate health disparities, medical services should make medical care more

accessible to transgenders to enhance the quality of their treatment and to bring social justice to

transgender health issues.

P1: ​Sub-Topic:​ There are many laws that will protect a transgender’s rights regarding medical care and health insurance, but medical disparities continue to persist.

-The Affordable Care Act (ACA) protects transgenders from discrimination (transequality.org)

-29% of transgenders felt like being transgender affected the way they were treated by

doctors and nurses (Shoosmiths)

-Online survey by doctors.net says that 80% of 1,000 doctors believe that transgenders should

not receive treatment on the NHS at the expense of the public, as a result 17% of transgender

patients were refused of treatment. (Shoosmiths)

-Paul Grondhaul, a physician who has experience with working with transgender

patients, believes that medical services should be more accessible and medical care should

provide more coverage for transgender treatments (Grondhaul).

P2: ​Sub-Topic:​ Without accessible medical care, and the lingering of discrimination, transgenders are more likely to be at high risk for diseases.

-Transgender women of color are more susceptible to HIV infections and transgender men are

at a higher risk for cancer because lack of preventive cancer screenings.

-Estimated 28% of transgender (male-to-female) have HIV in U.S. (Ard).

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-1 in 5 transgenders opted out on medical care out of fear of discrimination.

(amsa.org)

-1/5 of transgenders were refused of care because of their gender identity according to the

National Transgender Discrimination Survey (thetaskforce.org)

-Finding reliable health care is difficult for transgenders, because few hospitals are qualified to

treat transgenders (Marra).

-Making an investment in transgender health care, by providing more access to the

transgender society, transgenders will be able to lead long, healthier, and happy lives due to

better quality care.

P3: ​Sub-Topic:​ Medical services should not only provide more access to health care, but also classes for for doctors and nurses to demonstrate how to treat a transgender patient.

-Quality of treatment will be better if doctors and nurses learn how to interact with a transgender

patient.

-Allowing more access to health care can make hospitals more welcoming for transgender

patients.

-With more welcoming hospitals, transgenders will be more comfortable to accept

medical care, which will make them less susceptible to diseases (Ard).

-Peter Levounis believes that anyone interacting with a transgender patient should be

informative and supportive (Devlin).

P4: ​Sub-Topic: ​Making healthcare more accessible will lessen the issue of transgender discrimination in hospitals.

-70% of transgenders faced discrimination in health care (oregonlive.com).

-In an interview with multiple transgenders, they all speak of their negative experiences in

hospitals.

-This due to the fact that they feel insecure about themselves, and the fact that they

don’t feel respected by medical professionals (YouTube.com).

-Dr. Levounis believes that medical professionals should acknowledge these transgender

health/social issues (Devlin).

-Step towards eliminating health disparities.

-Making sure transgenders are receiving the right kind of care they need is most important

(Parks).

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Conclusion: ​Summarize and restate. (End conclusion with argument: Transgenders should receive more accessible medical services because…)