RESEARCH PAPER OUTLINE

The running head is a shortened version of the paper’s full title, and it is used to help readers identify the titles for published articles (even if your paper is not intended for publication, your paper should still have a running head).

The title should summarize the paper’s main idea and identify the variables under discussion and the relationship between them.

School Drug Testing

Roger Wilco

The author’s name and institution should be double-spaced and centered.

The title should be centered on the page, typed in 12- point Times New Roman Font. It should not be bolded, underlined, or italicized.

School Drug Testing

Thesis: With the increased pressure to perform at a highly competitive level, the use of steroids in secondary schools is becoming more common; therefore, schools have an ethical responsibility to test athletes for steroids and other performance enhancing drugs.

I. Drug testing benefits the school.

A. Pre-season testing can deter students from conduct that will affect the school.

1. Steroid users seek opportunities to perform without detection and achieve high goals (Byrd, 2010).

2. Testing for abuse of steroids prior to the beginning of the season is effective in preventing abuse (Byrd, 2010).

B. Steroid testing maintains a school district’s reputation.

1. Steroid free athletes establish a positive and successful atmosphere for other athletes and students (Crain, Pool, & Schmidt, 2009).

2. Education is the best approach to successfully avoiding drug use of any form on any school campus (Lundberg, 2012).

II. Steroid testing protects a school district’s employees.

A. Testing helps avoid other drug abuse by students, as well as protects the school district staff by ensuring proper conduct.

1. School district employees have a moral and general obligation to provide a safe campus and prevent harm (Johnson & Johnson, 2012).

2. Volunteers, custodians, cooks, and internet technologies professionals are all a part of the school day and should factor into the testing parameters (Johnson & Johnson, 2012).

To complete a proper outline, if you have a Roman numeral I, you must have a Roman numeral II. If you have an A, you must have a B and so forth.

The sentences should represent support from the sources that have been used in research for previous work.

B. Some southern school districts offer treatment programs for student and student athletes that test positive for steroids and other drugs.

1. Students are permitted to remain a part of the team and in the program if they volunteer to complete an extensive treatment program specifically tailored for specific abuse (Skinner, 2013).

2. Accepting responsibility for circumstances that permit or allow drug abuse is key in prevention and recovery for both students, student athletes, and staff (Skinner, 2013).

III. School district drug testing can protect the community.

A. Staff members and other support staff of the school district should be drug tested.

1. Staff members of the school district that personally have issues with drug abuse or addiction cannot properly manage awareness and prevention (Lundberg, 2012).

2. “It is a crime that all states do not institute drug testing programs for every member of the school district staff” (Lundberg, 2012, p. 77).

B. Bus drivers should be drug tested.

1. Bus drivers should be tested for alcohol as well as prescription and recreational drugs to provide the highest level for safety for student athletes that travel for competition (Abeln, 2011).

2. Driver education teachers are not outside the testing laws that would provide the safest circumstances for all students (Abeln, 2011).

References

The title (References) is centered, but not bolded.

Abeln, L. (2011). A sobering law for bus drivers. School Business, 55(3), 51+. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database.

Byrd, J. D. (2010). Drug testing in the workplace. Professional Protection, 22(7), 22. Retrieved from General OneFile database.

Crain, D., Pool, E., & Schmidt, S. (2009). Essential elements of a drug-free school zone program. School Fundamentals, 52(11), 52-63. Retrieved from Academic OneFile database.

Johnson, C. R., & Johnson, M. S. (2010). Intrapersonal and professional ethics: Decision making for personal integrity & social responsibility (4th ed.). New York, NY: Longman.

Lundberg, L. (2012). Drug treatment and school ground testing: Politics and organizational dilemmas. Behavioral Sciences & Law, 9(3), 77. Retrieved from LexisNexis database.

Skinner, M. A. (2013). Risk factors for alcohol and other drug use by school professionals. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention & Policy, 31(5), 26-39. Retrieved from Business Source

Complete database.

The references are also listed in alphabetical order. Pay close attention to the small details of formatting different types of sources. Look closely at things such as punctuation, font formatting, and capitalization, as these do change depending on the type of source you are using.